Youtube physics usually is self satisfaction of people that have no clue
of the simplest things. So I almost never watch this garbage.
A heatpump is not a Carnot process as *you obviously supply additional
energy*! You must calculate in the Carnot conversion rate of energy
gained --> electricity to get the proper conversion factor as the
current for the heatpump must be produced too*and subtracted! *
The best Carnot process (multi stage turbines) today delivers a
conversion rate of about 61% always target is current.
But there have been some materials detected that can improve this
further like thermo (Peltier-) elements.
Heatpumps are reverse Carnot engines and have a much higher COP in
respect to heat gained but *not to current gained!!!!!!!*
Even more interesting are quantum level processes in nano particles
where one could achieve the doubling of IR photon energy by suppressing
some emission bands. This could be used in solar panels.
J.W.
On 09.05.2024 14:39, Jonathan Berry wrote:
After 200 years (1824) the second law of thermodynamics is disproven.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnot%27s_theorem_(thermodynamics)
Simply Carnot argues that if the efficiency of a reversible heat
engine was variable based on how it is made or the gases etc, then the
second law of conservation would be broken.
"A heat engine *cannot* drive a less-efficient reversible heat engine
without _violating the second law of thermodynamics_." (excerpt from
the Wikipedia article below the image)
So what happens when you take 2 reversible heat engines and put them
in series (one touches the hot side, one the cold side and they join
in the middle with potentially a small thermal mass that is
thermally equidistant to the hot and cold side)???
Well, we know what happens, according to Carnot!
The lower the thermal potential the lower the efficiency at turning
heat into mechanical energy and therefore the less mechanical energy
is developed when driving heat (operating the heat engine as a heat
pump)...
Which is to say that with a lower temperature differential a heatpump
operates with more efficiency.
So a heat engine constructed to act like 2 or more reversible heat
engines will break the conservation of energy.
There is a company that is making cascading heatpumps which can keep a
high COP over a much larger temperature differential.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wSgv5NwtByk
The point is that it is absolutely possible to turn uniform ambient
heat into electrical power and heating and or cooling with current
technology...
And it is easily explained in a way that cannot be denied, clearly 2
heatpumps cascading have a higher COP, same as saying clearly 2
reversible heat engines in series have a lower conversion efficiency
and therefor a higher COP as a hatpump, precisely the scenario that
made Carnot assert 200 years ago would destroy the second law of
thermodynamics.
Jonathan
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Jürg Wyttenbach
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