Reference:
http://phys.org/news/2012-06-rutgers-granular-slip-documents-voltage-video.html The following work shows a connection between micro cracks and voltage generation. This fits in with Ed storms cold fusion crack theory, and my belief that voids produce one- dimensional electrical flow due to the long thin topological nature of the void. If you remember how X-rays are produced by tape http://www.nature.com/news/2008/012345/full/news.2008.1185.html It is basically the same topological materials principle at work.