Mark, Eric In the absence of an expert, let me agree with Mark that tunneling through a nucleus occurs regularly on the nanoscale and lower geometry levels, and furthermore could be instrumental in understanding LENR.
However, tunneling does not occur with a single proton. In fact, constant tunneling is as natural as any electron orbital state in some atoms (P-block which excluded the hydrogen atom but not the H2 molecule) where tunneling is a regular feature, which of course the p-orbital. Essentially this represents a constant state of tunneling through a nucleus (as I understand it, but consult an expert if you doubt this assertion). Consider the “hour glass” p-orbital in an atom or molecule as electrons continually crossing from one lobe to the other by way of another dimension. Apparently, the electron can never exist in the nodal area itself which is where the nucleus should be - instead the electrons travel must through via another spatial dimension which can be called reciprocal or imaginary space - and which is another good reason to suspect there are at least 4 spatial dimensions. As far as LENR is concerned, the hydrogen atom has no p-orbital but the hydrogen molecule does, and this implies that the 2p H2 molecule will be more active – in fact FAR MORE ACTIVE FOR LENR – at least in Ni-H when coupling to a polariton happens in a way that promotes the “bonding” (fusion or reversible fusion) of the two protons. See this wavefunction image for H2: http://img.sparknotes.com/figures/8/83ce1fb7be648ede5785ea60c96b495c/wavefun .gif Of course a bare proton can couple to a polariton, but it requires enormous effective temperature not found in LENR. This could be an important piece of the puzzle. The hourglass p-orbital of molecular hydrogen, being a dipole can readily couple to a polariton formed from IR photons interacting with phonons in a Casimir surface pit - whereas atomic hydrogen cannot. This effectively negates much of Mills theory in favor of a methodology for reducing the molecular p orbitals simultaneously in one step - so that a redundant ground state of the bound pair happens with the p-orbital intact (it can be transitory). As a result, this step uses the polariton to boost the effective charge of the incoming p-orbital in order to bring two protons much close together ! And all this WITHOUT the “orbitsphere” fiction of Mills. That’s a relief, since this way we can find hydrogen densification without recourse to Mills. This redundant (densified) p-orbital in H2 is both energetic in its own right, and is the perfect setup for RPF – reversible proton fusion. As a refinement to an emerging theory that is more applicable to the Rossi HotCat than anything else in LENR - if the two approaching protons have emitted EUV or a soft x-ray during the densification step, then the RPF reaction can serve to harness QCD in such a way that the zero point field actually provides the makeup energy, which has been expended during the prior emission. Very elegant, if I do say so myself – with major thanks to Mark for bringing in the p-orbital connection (even if he was not thinking specifically of polariton coupling at the time, or maybe he was). From: MarkI-ZeroPoint Eric, the reason the ‘tunneling’ electron doesn’t interact is because it is no longer at a different pressure; it is traversing the nucleus as a ‘flow’. That flow polarizes the surrounding vacuum, the polarization forming a barrier which impedes the flow, thus causing a build-up of ‘pressure’, and a equal and opposite reduction in pressure on the opposite end of the oscillations extent. In trying to visualize the p+x side of the oscillation, think of a balloon inflating. The physical balloon though is replaced by a growing polarized surrounding vacuum… all this obviously happening at extremely fast speeds (10^-15 sec). I don’t know if it’s accurate to say that the tunneling electron doesn’t ‘interact’ with the substance within the nucleus… I would bet that it does indeed; that there is some kind of coupling or attractive forces between them, and this is what keeps the electron oscillations with *that* nucleus and not separating from it to go wandering, or flying, off… There are harmonics at play between the electron oscillations and the nuclear ones, and you have to add enough energy before the e- oscillation jumps to a larger physical extent… add enough E to the oscillation and it exceeds the coupling with the nuclear oscillations and the e- escapes, (ionization energy). Can you think of any other observational phenomena which a dipolar model explains??? -Mark From: Eric Walker - electrons tunneling ‘thru’ the nucleus That's a weird one. When I first read about that one, it seemed a little off to me. There's this super dense quark-gluon plasma with all this energy, and the electron flies through the sea quarks without interacting with them (much). Maybe I've misunderstood the situation. Eric
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