Good catch, James. I screwed up, misread the article. There's not much doubt that Celani has observed gamma rays, but not MFMP.
On Wed, Nov 6, 2013 at 5:30 PM, James Bowery <jabow...@gmail.com> wrote: > The title of the FR post is (annoyingly) misleading. > > The MFMP team is saying that they are excited about putting a more > sensitive gamma ray detector into operation -- not that it has, as of now, > detected unambiguous gamma rays. > > > On Wed, Nov 6, 2013 at 6:30 PM, Kevin O'Malley <kevmol...@gmail.com>wrote: > >> *MFMP detects GAMMA rays in LENR >> experiment*<http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/backroom/3088346/posts> >> *Martin Fleischmann Memorial Project ^ >> <http://www.freerepublic.com/%5Ehttp://www.quantumheat.org/index.php/en/follow/follow-2/347-gamma> >> * | 06 November 2013. | Robert Greenyer >> >> >> >> *"Well, to put it plain and simple - it would mean that we have a >> incontrovertible demonstration of Low Energy Nuclear Reactions (LENR)."* >> >> >> >> >> <http://www.freerepublic.com/%7Ekevmo/> >> >> Gamma >> >> on 06 November 2013. The smoking gun of LENR? >> >> On January the 14th 2011, Rossi and Focardi gave the first public >> demonstration of the low temperature E-Cat to a personally invited group. A >> short time afterwards, Francesco Celani, who was present at the >> demonstration, sent a review for the event to New Energy Times. >> >> Francesco Celani record of first public E-Cat demonstration in New Energy >> Times >> >> In this article, it is noted that Rossi and Focardi had a twin gamma ray >> detector set up in order to detect e+e- annihilation that was expected by >> Focardi based on previous experiments. The results from that set up were >> not meaningful during the guests time in the room. >> >> Bob Greenyer was keen to understand more about this event, so in the day >> following ICCF-18, he quizzed Francesco on the matter. Here is a fresh >> account of that event. >> >> Francesco was sitting down with other scientists and guests waiting to be >> called in for the demonstration, they were 7 – 8m away from E-Cat which was >> behind a door in another room. >> >> Francesco had 2 gamma detectors with him, 1 very cheap and 1 very >> expensive battery operated 1.25” NaI(TI) detection range of 25keV to 2000 >> keV. >> >> He notes that the background in Frascatti is normally around 120 because >> of local geology, but in Bologna it is 60, Francesco Celani set the >> detectors accordingly and the assembled group sat there patiently waiting. >> >> Suddenly and for about 1 second, both detectors topped out 1000+ counts >> PER SECOND and sounded their alarms (they could not show any more). Several >> of the invited observers considered literally running from the building as >> it was speculated that Rossi might be leveraging a radioactive source in >> his experiment. Why such concern? Well, radiation falls off according to >> Newtons 1/d^2 law as you can see here. >> >> Plugging the minimum 1000 counts per second and 8 meters into the formula >> would mean that 50cm from the E-Cat, the counts would be over a quarter >> million per second - not good! >> >> However, luckily the momentary signal collapsed and about two minutes >> later, Rossi came into the waiting room to invite people in to see the >> E-cat saying “the reaction has started”. >> >> Francesco and the rest of the invited guests then went into the room >> where the E-Cat was. Whilst in that room and using the NaI(TI) near the >> operating reactor, there was a 50-100% count increase over background which >> was erratic. Francesco decided to try and get a spectra from the detector, >> in order to understand what might be going on and so he switched mode on >> the detector. Rossi however saw what he was doing, got upset and Celani was >> told to stop the measurements, which he did. >> >> In addition, Celani said that he noted a number of gas cylinders in the >> room – but that it would only be speculation to say what they were. If >> E-Cats do indeed produce high gamma busts prepping for 'switch on' or >> elevated emissions during operation, that might explain challenges in >> getting domestic certification and the determination to keep below a fixed >> cop and using staged cascades of small to big E-Cats to create larger >> effective COPs. >> >> Whatever happened that day, Francesco Celani started investigating >> surface modified transition metals with hydrogen the following month. >> Inverse Square Law >> >> To help understand the inverse square law we made this little video. >> >> Comparing the 1100 counts per minute at 2 cm from source in that video to >> being 8m away, gives around 0.007 counts per minute - i.e. not meaningful >> contribution to the 25 or so background. Hopefully this gives a sense of >> why there was such excitement at the momentary signal in January 14, 2011. >> >> Celani >> >> After the end of ICCF-18 conference dinner, Bob found himself in a >> conversation opposite Francesco Celani and a prominent government funded >> scientist. Celani was told essentially that the levels of excess reported >> were basically not significant enough to avoid being dismissed and that >> what was needed as solid evidence of LENR was either transmutation or >> particle/ray emission. >> >> Francesco then said, that when he was testing his wire with Deuterium, he >> got gamma emissions, the scientist asked if it was explored but Celani said >> no because he was looking for excess heat and actually, that experiment >> just produced a clear negative result. Martin Fleischmann Memorial Project >> (MFMP) >> >> For the MFMP, this year has largely been about differential experiments, >> first the Steel and Glass, then the US dual cells and more recently, the >> calibrated dual Celani cells in France. In this latter experiment, the >> first of the active wires completed loading and moved into apparent excess >> heat after around six days and stayed firmly positive in favour of the >> active cell for more than 30 days. >> >> EU dual differential cells >> >> At one point, before the powering of the second wire, the active cell >> input power was reduced by around 2.5W. The differential dropped to zero, >> indicating that it took 2.5 more watts to raise the passive cell to the >> same average external temperature. >> >> Rough calculation assuming that only the actively powered wire is >> producing apparent excess - which given that the 280L looked like it was >> still loading, was a fair assumption. >> >> (2.5W / 42.5W) * 100 = 5.9% apparent excess, this is in line with other >> experiments we have performed. >> >> 2.5W *(1 / 0.275g [approximate weight of wire]) = 9.1W/g >> >> Celani says the wires he is supplying us should show excess of between >> 5W/g and 50W/g. This is in that range. >> >> Putting this in context, in theory 1kg of this wire would yield >> approximately 910W. >> >> But that is not what got us excited! >> >> The experiment had an annoying leak in the control cell and since the >> cells were bridged by a small pipe for pressure equalisation, Mathieu found >> he had to re-fill the cells every 48 hours or so. This leak was a bug he >> wanted to fix, and indeed, he made the replacement flange, but because the >> cells were producing good data, he stopped short of actually doing the >> repair. That might be a very important decision! >> >> Adjacent to the cells he had placed an unshielded geiger counter that >> normally registered around 22 counts per minute dropping to 12 and rising >> to around 30. In September 2013, he noticed that each time he refilled the >> cells, shortly afterwards, the counts leapt up to around 60-90. He waited >> for the same process to repeat a few times before informing the team. With >> the above knowledge about previous events – the team started to appeal for >> a NaI(Tl) and related equipment around the end of September. >> >> To our great delight, Jean-Paul Biberian supplied an old, but rather >> excellent, LARGE, Thallium doped Sodium Iodide detector/photon multiplier - >> NaI (Tl). The downside was that the associated electronics for driving it >> and analysing the spectrum of gamma energies was broken and not practical >> to replace. What to do? Normally this kind of hardware is expensive and we >> just did not have the funds... we were starting to feel the pain of many a >> scientist the world over, great potential experiment, nearly there, but no >> way of seeing it through. >> >> To be fair, Mathieu had found a detector driver and spectrometry solution >> that might be affordable, called Gamma Spectacular, they might just have >> got a solution for us. >> >> Gamma Spectacular website >> >> Then, as if by magic, Marissa Little from Earthtech, Texas contacted us >> and introduced that they were starting to re-visit LENR and had become >> aware of our work and was there any way to help us or work together. Well, >> we let them know just what was going on and said that the most important >> thing they could help us with right now was to help us find some way to >> drive our NaI detector. >> >> Earthtech website >> >> Working with the extremely knowledgeable Steven Sesselmann from Gamma >> Spectacular and Marissa, and a good deal of images over a few weeks, we >> came up with a solution, which, amazingly Earthtech offered to purchase, >> which they did 30/10/2013. We are very appreciative of this generosity, we >> hope that we can make use of everything together in the week starting the >> 11/11/2013. >> >> First we had to see how many M Ohms the detector was, we needed over 15 >> and we got 2! - you can see us doing this in these images:- >> >> We also discovered it had a ‘C’ type High Tension connection and a BNC >> signal out and gain potentiometer. >> >> Since >> >> in modern detectors, Safe High Voltage (SHV) connectors are used in place >> of the ‘C’ type connectors, we did not need the gain adjustment and the >> resistance was way too low, >> >> it was decided by all parties that it would be best to replace the whole >> internal electronics so that they would play nice with the GS2000 Pro, so >> Mathieu prepared the detector for when we would receive the new internals. >> >> Defkalion >> >> In Defkalion’s latest paper with Dr Yeong E. Kim, they have this to say >> about their observation on gammas. >> >> 3.2 Radiation measurements >> >> As shown in Fig. 4, no gamma rays outside the energy range of 50 keV–300 >> keV have been observed from the experiments with the Hyperion R-5 reactor >> (data are from iso-parabolic calorimeter experiment carried out on May 6, >> 2013). >> >> The original paper can be found here Celani - again >> >> So we wanted to experiment to see if we could re-create what Mathieu had >> seen. Mathieu had become less committed to the events as the experiment >> went on as it did not appear that they were occurring at the higher >> temperatures with both wires functioning. >> >> Regardless, we therefore called Francesco Celani this week (first on Tue >> 29/10/2013), a good number of times, about his comments at ICCF-18 and he >> provided additional information. Essentially, the wire had previously been >> loaded with H2 and he had attempted to deload it by applying power under >> vacuum. He then filled the cell with Deuterium and started to raise the >> temperature. >> >> At first there was nothing, but as the mean internal temperature went >> over around 100ºC, there started to be a near doubling of the background >> gamma count. They were alarmed, but even though significant, it was not at >> a level to be of great concern. This continued until the cell internal mean >> temperature passed through around 160ºC whereafter there was no significant >> signal. For about 10 minutes, during this raising temperature period, there >> was the increased gammas and then nothing. Other than Francesco, there were >> two observers in the room that witnessed the event. As said before, the >> Deuterium experiment did not seem to produce excess and so was not pursued. >> >> From his paper: >> >> 23.) We observed, for the first time in our experimentation with such >> kind of materials, some X (and/or gamma emission), coming-out from the >> reactor during the increasing of the temperature from about 100°C to 160°C. >> We used a NaI(Tl) detector, energy range 25-2000keV used as counter (safety >> purposes), not spectrometer. Total time of such emission was about 600s and >> clearly detectable, burst like. >> >> 24.) About thermal anomalies, we observed, very surprising, that the >> response was endothermic, not esothermic. The second day the system crossed >> the zero line and later become clearly eso-thermic. Similar effects were >> reported also by A. Takahashi and A. Kitamura. >> >> 25.) After about 350000s from the beginning of D2 intake the temperature >> abruptly increased and the wire was broken. We observed that the pressure >> decreased, because some problems to the reactor gas tight, but at times of >> 80000s before. The SEM observations showed fusion of a large piece of wire. >> The shape was like a ball. Further analyses are in progress. >> >> It occurred to us that this temperature dependence, having been pointed >> to it, may be very significant. Mathieu had already seen no extra gammas at >> higher temperature - could this explain that? Initial experiment to verify >> gamma emissions >> >> Despite Mathieu fearing that the wires were toasted (the cells had been >> running at 70W for some days and were not producing as much excess as >> before), we decided to take the wires down to around 150ºC and try to >> recreate what was apparently happening previously and capture it on camera. >> >> Not amazingly conclusive, but the background was around 12-28 and the >> gamma pulse shortly after the recharge pushed the PER MINUTE average to >> 40+, meaning a much higher per second pulse. We are looking forward to >> having the ability to have much more sensitive equipment that can give per >> second readings and a gamma spectra also. Lead well >> >> Because the NaI will be SO much more sensitive than the geiger counter - >> we will need to shield it in 5cm of lead on all sides except the one that >> will face the reactor. Maybe make it from 2 concentric cylinders filled >> with lead… however, we need the lead. >> >> Has anyone in France got a load of Lead they could drive over to Mathieu >> with? If they have, who fancies casting a bit of lead shielding? >> Possibilities to explore Is it really happening? >> >> We need to measure it repeatedly and with a better resolution. We will >> strive to measure with a Geiger-Muller counter in more controlled >> conditions, possibly lead shielding, and with more sensitive NaI detectors. >> We will try to look for total count rates and also the gamma spectrum >> measurement. Finally, we will try to make a new apparatus that brings a >> higher density of wire nearer to the detector. If it is happening, what is >> it related to? >> >> Is it being caused by pressure shock? - Test at various pressure levels >> and step sizes. Pre-heat incoming gas to same temp as gas in cell so as to >> remove thermal shock. Thermal shock from the cool incoming gas? - Test with >> some other cool gas like Helium. Try chilling the incoming gas more. >> Hydrogen flux into the wire? - Does a slow pressure rise work almost as >> well as a rapid one? Fresh deuterium in new gas? - Add a little >> supplemental Deuterium and see if the gamma signal gets higher. >> >> The EU team can explore: >> >> Lower temps and pressures to a few bars. Test with Helium to see if it is >> a cool gas thing He has more wires on the way to try it again, if >> necessary, as the September/October experiment wires are not so active >> after being run at 70W The huge NaI(Tl) detector and electronics en-route >> will allow for much better >> >> The US team can explore: >> >> Putting our Geiger counter and NaI gamma detector near our V1.3 cell and >> try adding gas. We currently have two loaded wires in the active cell to >> work with. Try adding Deuterium in small amounts. We currently have some >> heavy water and an electrolysis unit to make some gas. New cell at HUG to >> test this - Replicate our heavy duty aluminum cell that we have a camera >> on, but with a full size glass window on the end so we can put it directly >> up against the Ortech NaI detector face. Inside this cell, we put several >> pieces of wires wrapped around mica frames, and then we can stack several >> of those frames all within 5 cm, or so, of the face of the NaI detector. >> >> What is the significance? >> >> So why should we be excited at the prospect of seeing controllable gamma >> emissions from our experiments? Well, to put it plain and simple - it would >> mean that we have a incontrovertible demonstration of Low Energy Nuclear >> Reactions (LENR). >> >> Additionally, knowing the energies of any Gamma emissions would help >> determine the underlying process and help indicate what power can be >> achieved by singular events and overall potential yield. Lastly, it will >> help dictate paths for material science, control, stimulation and safe >> operation that will take the technology forward. Discussion >> >> In the video below, which lasts for around 30 mins, Bob and Mathieu >> discuss what led up to the decision to follow the evidence and the >> implications. >> > >
