Sunspots, the source of solar flares are produced by plasma vortexes, or more apply plasma hurricanes that actually disrupt the convection of energy carrying photons from the sun's core deeper in the sun.
Sunspots are temporary phenomena on the surface of the Photosphere that appear as dark spots compared to the surrounding regions. They are caused by intense magnetic activity, which inhibits convection, forming areas of lower surface temperatures. If a Sunspot were isolated from its surrounding Photosphere, it would be brighter than an electric arc. Sunspots expand and contract as they move across the surface of the sun. They can be as large as 50,000 miles in diameter making the larger ones visible from Earth. In more detail, it is now believed that the twisting magnetic action in the plasma Convection Zone just below the sun's surface causes sunspots to form, flares, etc. to form, and the sun's magnetic field to reverse itself every 22 years. (The earth's magnetic field also reverses itself, but only about once every million years. If the sunspot was a significant source of nuclear activity at the surface of the sun, the spots would be brighter than the surrounding surface area. The case for nuclear production inside the vortex during its formation might be carried by the fact that neutrinos begin to increase some 36 hours before the solar flare erupts. Purdue nuclear engineer Jere Jenkins, while measuring the decay rate of manganese-54, a short-lived isotope used in medical diagnostics, noticed that the rate dropped slightly during the flare, a decrease that started about a day and a half before the flare. The assumption is that the increase in neutrino production and associated nuclear activity decreases the rate of radioactive decay. Flares are formed when intense magnetic fields from below the sun's surface link up with magnetic fields in the outer Corona in a process called "Magnetic Reconnection". Flares are powered by the sudden release of magnetic energy stored in the sun's Corona. The same energy release may also produce a Coronal Mass Ejection (CME), but not always. And, sometimes CMEs form without Flares. The connection between Flares and CMEs is not well understood. Magnetic Reconnection is a physical process in highly conductive plasmas where magnetic fields clash, re-configure themselves into a lower energy level, and the excess magnetic energy is then converted into kinetic and thermal energy. Big Flares are equivalent to billions of megatons of TNT exploding within a few seconds. A big flare can produce one sixth of the total energy output of the sum localized at a small spot on the sun. Billions of tons of electrons, protons, and other particles that are accelerated by Magnetic Reconnection in a Flare approach the speed of light. It is still not possible to predict when a CME or Flare will erupt because the trigger mechanism isn't known. It might be that the flare and the CME occur at a later stage of the magnetic field formation process. Nuclear reactions caused by the magnetic mechanisms inside the sunspot gradually increase over days before a flare occurs. Strangely, the video from Purdue referenced below shows that there is a precise relationship between the total production of EMF in the sun and the radioactive decay rate seen on earth at about 26 minutes into the video. IMHO, this is an alternative causation posit to the neutrino causation posit. Whatever it is, this effect goes as the inverse square of the distance from the sun. When the experiments at the earthbound source of neutrinos are conclusively tested at a nuclear reactor, and no effect on isotope decay rates are bot seen, then EMF production from the sun will remain as the probable source of this effect. And this effect must be a magnetically based LENR effect if the reaction is happening locally here on earth. E. Fischbach, "New Evidence for a Solar Influence on Nuclear Decay Rates" https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DzOOkR3a4vM On Sat, Apr 19, 2014 at 11:23 PM, <mix...@bigpond.com> wrote: > In reply to Axil Axil's message of Sat, 19 Apr 2014 20:01:26 -0400: > Hi, > [snip] > >Sunspots must be producing neutrinos as a result of magnetically induced > >nuclear reactions, since radioactive decay is affected by sunspots. > > > I suspect you are right about nuclear reactions in sunspots, however I > don't > think you have shown that they are necessarily magnetically induced. > (Though they may be.) > > The strong magnetic fields that accompany sunspots may be a consequence of > the > nuclear reactions, rather than the cause. > > Regards, > > Robin van Spaandonk > > http://rvanspaa.freehostia.com/project.html > >
