Masalah yg itu belum waktunya Kang......saya mau bicara soal pendapat Pak Yusuf dulu yach....:)
Sheikh Yusuf Al-Qaradawi, in his will known book, The Lawful and Prohibited in Islam. He writes:
Marriage in Islam is a strong binding contract based on the intention of both partners to live together permanently in order to attain, as individuals, the benefit of repose, affection, and mercy mentioned in the Qur'an, as well as to attain the social goal of the reproduction and perpetuation of the human species. Almighty Allah says: "And Allah has made for you spouses of your own nature, and from your spouses has made for you sons and grandsons...." (An-Nahl: 72)
Now, mut`ah marriage (marriage for the sake of sexual gratification) is a marriage that is contracted by the two parties for a specified period of time in exchange for a specified sum of money. While the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) permitted mut`ah marriage during journeys and military campaigns before the Islamic legislative process was made complete, he later forbade it and made it Haram on a permanent basis.
It was initially permitted because the Muslims were passing through what might be called a period of transition from Jahiliyyah (the pre-Islamic period) to Islam. Fornication was widespread among the Arabs before the advent of Islam. After Islam, when Muslims were required to go on military expeditions, they were under great pressure as a result of being away from their wives for long periods of time. Some of the believers were strong in faith, but others were weak. The weak in faith feared that they would be tempted to commit adultery, which is a major sin, while the staunch in faith, on the contrary, were ready to castrate themselves. Ibn Mas`ud narrates: "We were on an expedition with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and did not have our wives with us, so we asked Allah's Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) 'Should we not castrate ourselves?' (The reason for this request was the desire to preserve their chastity, which was in danger of
being affected by their unmet needs.) He forbade us from doing so but permitted us to contract marriage with a woman up to a specified date, giving her a garment as a dowry (Mahr)." (Reported by Al-Bukhari and Muslim)
Thus, mut`ah marriage provided a solution to the dilemma in which both the weak and the strong found themselves. It was also a step toward the final legalization of the complete marital life in which the objectives of permanence, chastity, reproduction, love, and mercy as well as the widening of the circle of relationships through marriage ties were to be realized.
We may recall that the Qur'an adopted a gradual course in prohibiting wine and usury, as these two evils were widespread and deeply rooted in the pre-Islamic society. In the same manner, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) adopted a gradual course in the matter of sex. First, he permitted mut`ah marriage as an alternative to zina (fornication and adultery), and at the same time coming closer to the permanent marriage relationship. He then prohibited it absolutely, as all and many other Companions reported. Muslim reports this in his Sahih (Authentic Collection of Hadiths), mentioning that Al-Juhani was with the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) at the conquest of Makkah and that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) gave some Muslims permission to contract mut`ah marriages. Al-Juhani said: "Before leaving Makkah, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) prohibited it." In another version: "Allah has made it Haram until the Day of
Resurrection."
The question arises: Is mut`ah marriage absolutely haram, like marriage to one's own mother or daughter, or is it like the prohibition concerning the eating of pork or dead meat, which becomes permissible in case of dire necessity, the necessity in this case being the fear of committing zina?
The majority of the Companions hold the view that after the completion of the Islamic legislation, mut`ah marriage was made absolutely haram. However, Ibn `Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) holds a different opinion, permitting it in case of dire necessity. A person asked him about marrying women on a haram basis, and he permitted him to do so. A servant of his then asked, "Is this not under hard conditions, when women are few and the like?" and he replied, "Yes." (Reported by Al-Bukhari) Later, when Ibn `Abbas saw that people had become lax and were engaging in haram marriages without necessity, he withdrew his ruling and retracted his previous opinion. (Zad Al-Ma`ad, vol. 4, p. 7)
Wassalam
ma_suryawan <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
Coba tanyakan kepada para pendukung bolehnya nikah Mut'ah, tanyakan
pada mereka apakah para Imam Syiah (Imam yang 12) ada yang pernah
melakukan nikah Mu'tah?
Kalau diantara para Imam yang dimuliakan itu tidak ada yang pernah
melakukan nikah mut'ah, lalu apa dasarnya orang-orang Indonesia sibuk
mengkampanyekan halalnya nikah mut'ah?
Salam,
M. A. Suryawan
--- In wanita-muslimah@yahoogroups.com, jano ko <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>
> Numpang cari pahala,
>
> Bagaimana kalau kita juga membahas Filsafat Pernikahan didalam
Islam ?
>
> The Philosophy of Marriage in Islam
>
> Yusuf Al - Qaradawi
>
> Marriage in Islam is intended to cater to multiple purposes which
include, above all, spiritual tranquility and peace, and cooperation
and partnership in fulfilling the divine mandate. Islam being a
natural way of life takes into account all of genuine human
instincts such as physical, spiritual, intellectual, emotional, et
cetera.
>
> Although fulfilling one's physical needs in a decent manner is one
of the main purposes of marriage, it is not the sole one. According
to the clear statement of the Qur'an, tranquility and peace through a
successful union is considered the primary objective of
marriage: "Among His signs is that He created for you spouses of your
own kind in order that you may repose to them in tranquility and He
instilled in your hearts love and affection for one another; verily,
in these are signs for those who reflect (on the nature of the
reality)." (Ar-Rum: 21).
>
> In another place, Allah refers to the relationship between males
and females in terms of partnership for achieving goodness and
fulfilling the divine mandate for their lives. "The believers, males
and females, are partners of one another; they shall jointly enjoin
all that is good and counsel against all that is evil." (At-Tawbah:
71)
>
> Responding to the question in point, the eminent Muslim scholar,
Sheikh Yusuf Al-Qaradawi, states:
>
> "Just as Islam aims at rearing a righteous individual, being the
cornerstone in the social structure of the nation, it also seeks to
establish a sound family, the prime and essential factor in building
a good society. It is never disputed that marriage that unites a
man and a woman in solemn matrimony is the foundation that gives
rise to the family. There is no way a real or proper family could
ever exist out of wedlock, the way that has been legislated by Allah,
Exalted be He.
>
> Perverted ideas opposing the institution of marriage:
>
> Throughout the ages, humanity has come to learn of ideas and trends
that oppose the idea of marriage. In Persia (now Iran), before the
advent of Islam, there emerged Mani's philosophy, which claimed that
the world abounds in evil, that it should be exterminated and that
prohibiting marriage is the fastest way to effect this goal.
>
> Under the banner of Christianity appeared extreme monasticism that
denounces life, calls to getting incarcerated in monasteries and
prohibiting marriage, because woman, they held, is a cause of
temptation and a devil incarnate. Venturing near her is in itself a
sin that corrupts a soul and alienates one from Heaven.
>
> In modern times, there exist in the West pessimists who totally
condemned woman, describing her as a serpent, with a soft touch but
deadly venom. They further claim that marriage offers her the golden
opportunity to place man under her thumb and shackle him with
responsibilities. So why should man, out of his own free will, choose
to place those chains around his neck though he was born free?
>
> Unfortunately, some of our contemporary Muslim youth have been
fallen prey to those perverted ideas, and thereupon decided to
refrain from marriage that entails endless responsibilities,
obligations and restrictions. They, on the other hand, wish to live
their entire lives as children shouldering no responsibilities. If
overcome by desire or the call of their instincts, vicious adultery
will certainly quench their thirst in lieu of lawful marriage.
>
> The objectives of marriage in Islam:
>
> a) According to the divine laws and norms, nothing can ever perform
its duty single-handedly. Allah meant everything to be in need of
another of its kind, so that one would complement the other. In the
field of electricity, positive and negative poles need to be in
contact so as to induce an electric current, which in turn, yields
light, heat, motion, etc. Likewise, electrons and protons should be
in contact inside an atom. In plants, pollen grain carrying male
gametes fertilize a flower's stigma to produce more plants, fruits
and seeds. Male and female animals have to be in contact in order to
reproduce. The Glorious Qur'an highlights this universal law in the
following two verses: "And all things We have created by pairs, that
haply ye may reflect." (Adh-Dhariyat: 49) "Glory be to Him Who
created all the sexual pairs, of that which the earth groweth, and of
themselves, and of that which they know not." (Ya-Sin: 36) In
response to this law, Allah, Exalted be He, has
> legislated a sublime tradition for a man and a woman to be united
in such a way as befits the lofty status of human beings, namely
through marriage.
>
> Allah, Exalted be He, has inculcated in a man's heart a longing for
a woman, and in a woman's heart a longing for a man. Each of them is
driven by a far more exigent need than hunger or thirst. Each of them
senses a definite emptiness in his or her life that can only be
filled with their union, according to the divine laws, namely via
marriage. Only then does stability replace confusion and reassurance
does replace anxiety. Each of them finds in the other serenity, love
and mercy that light their lives and enrich their souls. The
following is one of Allah's glaring signs in our universe, which the
Glorious Qur'an points to: "Among His signs is that He created for
you spouses of your own kind in order that you may repose to them in
tranquility and He instilled in your hearts love and affection for
one another; verily, in these are signs for those who reflect (on the
nature of the reality)." (Ar-Rum: 21)
>
> b) Reproduction is the natural outcome of marriage. It serves to
prolong man's existence, thanks to the pious progeny that succeeds
him. This is thus one of Allah's bounties which He grants man
saying, "And Allah hath given you wives of your own kind, and hath
given you, from your wives, sons and grandsons, and hath made
provision of good things for you. Is it then in vanity that they
believe and in the grace of Allah that they disbelieve?" (An-Nahl:
72)
>
> It is also for this reason that Prophet Zakariyyah (Zachariah,
peace be upon him) supplicated to Allah saying: "And Zachariah, when
he cried unto his Lord: My Lord! Leave me not childless, though Thou
art the best of inheritors," (Al-Anbiya': 89) and "Lo! I fear my
kinsfolk after me, since my wife is barren. Oh, give me from Thy
presence a successorþ. Who shall inherit of me and inherit (also) of
the house of Jacob. And make him, my Lord, acceptable (unto Thee)."
(Maryam: 5-6) Similarly, Ibrahim (Abraham), the father of the
Prophets (peace be upon him), prayed to Allah saying: "My Lord!
Vouchsafe me of the righteous.þ So We gave him tidings of a gentle
son." (As-Saffat: 100-101) and "Praise be to Allah Who hath given me,
in my old age, Ishmael and Isaac! Lo! My Lord is indeed the Nearer of
Prayer." (Ibrahim: 29) The Glorious Qur'an describes the servants of
Allah, the Most Gracious, as such: "And who say: Our Lord! Vouchsafe
us comfort of our wives and of our offspring."
> (Al-Furqan: 74)
>
> It is due to reproduction that the nation grows and multiplies,
makes use of its potential and manages to combat its enemies. Few
would suspect the fact that multitudes and masses of people are to be
reckoned with when considering world power. Allah narrates what
Prophet Shu`ayb (peace be upon him) told his people saying, "And
remember, when ye were but few, how He did multiply you." (Al-A`raf:
86) Further, Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him)
says, "Get married (and reproduce) for I will boast of your large
numbers in front of other nations (on Judgment Day) and do not lapse
into Christians' monasticism." (Reported by al-Bayhaqi on the
authority of Abu Umamah, and it is mentioned in al-Jami` as-Sahih)
>
> Reproduction serves to preserve the entire human species all around
the globe until the point when life comes to an end. Allah, Exalted
be He, says, "O mankind! Be careful of your duty to your Lord Who
created you from a single soul and from it created its mate and from
them twain hath spread abroad a multitude of men and women." (An-
Nisa': 1) and "O mankind! Lo! We have created you male and female,
and have made `you nations and tribes that ye may know one another."
(Al-Hujurat: 13)
>
> c) Marriage consummates one's faith, spares one looking at other
women, enables one to preserve his chastity and offers one a lawful
means to satisfy his sexual desire. Adultery is, therefore, no longer
an option. That is why the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him)
spoke of marriage saying, "It spares one looking at what one should
not, or lapsing in adultery." He (peace and blessings be upon him)
also said, "If Allah grants a Muslim a righteous wife, this helps him
preserve half of his religion (faith). He should, therefore, fear
Allah as regards the other half." (Reported by At-Tabarani and Al-
Hakim, and Al-Mundhri states in At-Targhib that it is an authentic
hadith with a good chain of narrators)
>
> d) Not only does marriage help a Muslim preserve his faith, it is
also the indispensable pillar of worldly happiness which Islam
encourages its followers to enjoy so that nothing would distract them
from the ultimate goal of uplifting their souls and attaining high
degrees of spirituality. Imam Muslim reports that the Prophet (peace
and blessings be upon him) said, "The whole world is pleasure, and
the best pleasure of the world is the righteous woman." þThe Prophet
(peace and blessings be upon him) is also reported to have
said: "Four things bring one joy: a righteous wife, a spacious house,
a pious neighbor and a comfortable riding animal." (Reported by Al-
Hakim, Abu-Nu`aym and Al-Bayhaqi)
>
> e) Marriage is the sole means of establishing a family, the nucleus
of society. No respectable human society could ever exist, if not
based on the family. Shaded by the close relations of motherhood,
fatherhood as well as parent-child and siblings relations, warm
feelings of love, altruism, mercy, care and cooperation are instilled
in a Muslim.
>
> f) Social relations are bolstered with the aid of marriage, whereby
scope of family expands including his in-laws and his children's
aunts and uncle. That way feelings of amity, love and social
closeness extend to include more and more people. Allah meant
relations by marriage to be just as strong as kinship relations.
Allah, Exalted be He, says, "And He it is Who hath created man from
water, and hath appointed for him kindred by blood and kindred by
marriage; for thy Lord is ever Powerful.þ" (Al-Furqan: 54)
>
> g) Marriage matures a man's character through the responsibilities
he has to shoulder, as a husband and a father, and similarly matures
a woman's character through the responsibilities she has to shoulder,
as a wife and a mother. As we have just explained, many men refrain
from marriage simply because they wish to live as grown-up children
with no ties to bind them, no house to unite them or responsibilities
they are to undertake. Such people are not fit to live; they are good
for nothing. Marriage is thus a strong commitment and a shared
responsibility between a man and a woman since their first day
together.
>
> Allah, Exalted be He, says, "And they (women) have rights similar
to those (of men) over them in kindness, and men are a degree above
them. Allah is Mighty, Wise.þ" (Al-Baqarah: 228) "Men are in charge
of women, because Allah hath men the one of them to excel the other,
and because they spend of their property (for the support of women).
So good women are the obedient, guarding in secret that which Allah
hath guarded." (An-Nisa': 34)
>
> The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Everyone of
you is a guardian and responsible for those in his charge; the man,
in his home, is a guardian and responsible for his household; the
woman, concerning her husband's property, is a guardian and
responsible for what she is entrusted with." (Agreed upon hadith) The
Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) also said, "Man would be
committing a huge sin if he were to ruin whomever he supports."
(Reported by Ahmad, Abu Dawud, Al-Hakim and Al-Bayhaqi on the
authority of Ibn `Umar) The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him)
further noted, "Allah shall ask every guardian about what he has been
entrusted with, whether he preserved or ruined it." (Reported by An-
Nasa'i and Ibn Hibban on the authority of Anas) He (peace and
blessings be upon him) also said, "One's spouse is entitled to
certain rights." (Agreed upon Hadith, reported on the authority of
Ibn `Umar)
>
> h) Having got married, a man can focus on perfecting his work,
reassured that there is someone back home who disposes of his
affairs, preserves his money and takes care of his children. He can
thus do his job properly. This stands in sharp contrast to another
whose mind is preoccupied and who is torn apart between his work and
home, his job and the burden of securing his food and clothes back
home."
>
> wassalam
>
> bersambung........
>
>
>
>
> Hadi Nugraha <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> --- In wanita-muslimah@yahoogroups.com, "Chae"
<chairunisa_mahadewi@> wrote:
> >
> > Google memang sakti...euyy!!!:) berarti kita satu perguruan
dong..wah
> > musti sungkem dulu sama kaka seperguruan...haiya..haiya...:))
> >
> Hihihi ... never start discussions without google...:D
> Saya sih sebenarnya gak tau banyak, masalah mut'ah ini pernah sih
tau beberapa taun silam sewaktu aktif di PmB, tapi karena kapasitas
memorinya terbatas, dan gak rapih nyimpen arsip ... jadi blank lagi
deh.. untung ada mbah google :D
>
> > Terima kasih atas info nya Pak Hadi, jadi nambah informasi nich..
> > bagaimanapun juga jika kita mengikuti alur argumentasi antara yg
pro
> > dan kontra selalu ada "kerancuan" untuk itu di skip dulu masalah
ini
> > dan lebih baik kita coba melihat realitas yang benar-benar bisa
> > menjadi fakta.
>
> Terima kasih kembali, karena thread ini saya jadi pontang-panting
nyari resources. Walaupun bab kawin mut'ah ini gak bakalan pernah
saya pake :D
>
> >
> > Faktanya nikah mut'ah pernah dilakukan pada zaman Nabi dan
dilakukan
> > sahabat Nabi setelah Beliau wafat. Nah kira-kira apa yang menjadi
> > landasan Nabi atau rujukan Nabi ketika menghalalkan nikah mut'ah..
> >
>
> Ketika menghalalkan mut'ah yg ke dua kalinya, mungkin teh Chae
sudah sama2 mafhum, kalau saat itu ada pernyataan dari prajurit
(perang autas) untuk berkebiri... haditsnya sudah pernah saya dan teh
Chae tulis kan?. Kalo untuk kasus yg lainnya (pelarangan/pembolehan)
saya benar2 blank... mbah googlenya ngadat gak mau diajak kerja
sama :D
>
> > Jujurnya saya juga enggak tahu..coba-coba aja siapa tahu ada yang
tahu
> > Pak Hadi atau yang lainya..kumaha??
>
> Yang nanya mungkin lebih pinter daripada yg ditanya :D ... krn
saya totally blank
>
>
> Come!! to Bandung - www.visitbandung.net
>
>
>
> [Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
>
>
>
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