I solved this, so if anyone else needs a pointer:

You can create a self-signed Code Signing Certificate Authority following the 
very good instructions here:
https://www.simplified.guide/macos/keychain-ca-code-signing-create 
<https://www.simplified.guide/macos/keychain-ca-code-signing-create>

You can then create a self-signing Code Signing Certificate as per:
https://www.simplified.guide/macos/keychain-cert-code-signing-create 
<https://www.simplified.guide/macos/keychain-cert-code-signing-create>

You can then sign the library like this:
sudo codesign -s "JPMPLCert" --keychain ~/Library/Keychains/login.keychain-db 
/Library/WebObjects/Adaptors/Apache2.4/mod_WebObjects.so
where “JPMPLCert” is whatever name you called your certificate

I got the error:
unable to build chain to self-signed root for signer …
which I couldn’t resolve, but found a workaround; just sign directly with the 
Certificate Authority cert created above:
sudo codesign -s "JPMPLCA" --keychain ~/Library/Keychains/login.keychain-db 
/Library/WebObjects/Adaptors/Apache2.4/mod_WebObjects.so
where “JPMPLCA” is whatever you called your Certificate Authority

Then add it to the LoadModule line in your apache config:
LoadModule WebObjects_module 
/Library/WebObjects/Adaptors/Apache2.4/mod_WebObjects.so “JPMPLCA"
where the bit in quotes at the end is whatever you ended up signing your 
library with earlier

Now when do my apache configtest I see:
Allowing module loading process to continue for module at 
/Library/WebObjects/Adaptors/Apache2.4/mod_WebObjects.so because module 
signature matches authority "JPMPLCA" specified in LoadModule directive

and the world is right again

John

> On 8 Feb 2022, at 17:35, John Pollard via Webobjects-dev 
> <webobjects-dev@lists.apple.com> wrote:
> 
> Hello,
> 
> After switching to Monterey
> 
> apache configtest
> 
> gives:
> 
> [Tue Feb 08 17:25:53.363409 2022] [so:error] [pid 2017] AH06665: No code 
> signing authority for module at 
> /Library/WebObjects/Adaptors/Apache2.4/mod_WebObjects.so specified in 
> LoadModule directive.
> 
> If anyone has jumped through this hoop, could you point me in the right 
> direction?
> 
> I only need this for running to test things out in development, it is not a 
> deployment environment.
> 
> Many thanks,
> John
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