THE WHATIS.COM WORD-OF-THE-DAY   
November 21, 2002

plasma 
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TODAY'S WORD: plasma 

See our definition with hyperlinks at 
http://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/0,,sid9_gci864603,00.html 

Plasma is a form of matter in which many of the electrons wander
around freely among the nuclei of the atoms. Plasma has been called
the fourth state of matter, the other three being solid, liquid, and
gas. 

Normally, the electrons in a solid, liquid, or gaseous sample of
matter stay with the same atomic nucleus. Some electrons can move
from atom to atom if an electrical current flows in a solid or
liquid, but the motion occurs as short jumps by individual electrons
between adjacent nuclei. In a plasma, a significant number of
electrons have such high energy levels that no nucleus can hold them.

An atom that has lost some of its electrons, thereby attaining an
electric charge, is an ion. When a gas is subjected to heat or an
electric field, some of its atoms become ions, and the gas is said to
be ionized. An ionized gas, unlike a gas in its normal condition, can
conduct electrical current to a limited extent. If the heat or
electric field becomes extreme, many of the atoms become ions. The
resulting super-ionized gas is a plasma, which can conduct a large
and sustained electric current. 

The behavior and properties of plasmas have aroused interest and
creative work among scientists and engineers. Applications include
electric lamps, lasers, medical devices, energy converters, water
purifiers, and flat-panel video displays (see plasma display). About
99% of the visible universe is formed of plasma. 

RELATED TERMS:

electron
http://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/0,,sid9_gci212046,00.html 

atom 
http://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/0,,sid9_gci211610,00.html 

ion
http://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/0,,sid9_gci859894,00.html 

plasma display 
http://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/0,,sid9_gci214631,00.html 

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SELECTED LINKS

The Coalition of Plasma Science provides information about plasma
characteristics and applications. 
http://www.plasmacoalition.org/what.htm 

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RECENT ADDITIONS AND UPDATES 

[1] Faraday constant  
http://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/0,,sid9_gci863897,00.html 

[2] glassfet 
http://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/0,,sid9_gci863813,00.html 

[3] public land mobile network 
http://searchnetworking.techtarget.com/sDefinition/0,,sid7_gci863525,00.html 

[4] antipattern  
http://searchvb.techtarget.com/sDefinition/0,,sid8_gci863345,00.html 

[5] write-only code 
http://searchvb.techtarget.com/sDefinition/0,,sid8_gci863343,00.html 

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