The excerise of writing a simple install would probably be fine, though I'm
not sure it is necessary.  I do agree that knowing the nuts and bolts of
Windows Installer is key and knowing what tables/actions do what is
critical.  The one potential problem I could see with having them author a
small install on the spot is tool knowledge.  Knowing Windows Installer
itself is more important than knowing WiX, InstallShield, Wise,
InstallAware, etc.  Learning the concepts and best practices around Windows
Installer is more difficult than learning how to use any particular tool.

I would be sure to inquire about common issues with Windows Installer where
people run into trouble or aspects of Windows Installer that are not
intuitive and would require some real hands-on experience to know off the
top of your head.  Here is a short list of things I'd ask about.

1. Windows Installer component rules, feature/component structure
2. How Windows Installer handles upgrades and patches, making sure they know
how FindRelatedProducts and RemoveExistingProducts actions and the Upgrade
table work.  Understanding how MSPs and therefore MSTs work to augment MSIs,
etc.  This relates back to #1 because if you don't follow proper component
rules you frequently get burned when it comes time to upgrade/patch.
3. Understanding the general sequencing of how an MSI installs, knowing when
to schedule custom actions in immediate/deferred mode and understanding when
you should be making system changes and what property access is available,
use of CustomActionData, commit/rollback actions, etc.
4.  Also when it comes to custom actions the only good methods are C++ DLLs
or DTF with C#.  If you expect this person to write the custom actions for
your installs they are going to need at least some basic programming skills
in one of these two languages because anything beyond the most basic of
installs is going to require custom action work.  If your candidate is a
proponent of writing custom actions in VBScript/Javascript take that as a
warning sign.

There's probably some other problematic areas escaping me at the moment but
those are the big ones.  I worked in Wise's tech support back when Windows
Installer was starting to take over Windows setup development and from my
experience there I can assure you that the three key areas where people ran
into problems with Windows Installer were upgrades, custom actions and
following proper component rules.  If a candidate has a solid understanding
of those areas and can speak about them intelligently that's a very strong
starting point.

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