Per the XML Recommendation, XML parsers default to auto-recognizing UTF-8
(which is identical to ASCII for characters defined by ASCII, 0x00-0x7F)
and UTF-16. Some may try to auto-recognize other encodings, but in general
if you aren't using one of these you should state the intended encoding in
the XML Declaration at the top of the file.
On most systems, Xalan defaults to outputting UTF-8. XSLT stylesheets can
be told to output other encodings via the <xsl:ouput>'s encoding
attribute.
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Joe Kesselman, IBM Next-Generation Web Technologies: XML, XSL and more.
"may'ron DaroQbe'chugh vaj bIrIQbej" ("Put down the squeezebox and nobody
gets hurt.")