Turns out we've also been bit by this problem... please see my questions below.

On 2014-08-04 01:55, Heiko Oberdiek wrote:
On 04.08.2014 01:27, Gildas Hamel wrote:
I append the jpg file (tombe.jpg).
The resolution data in tombe.jpg are inconsistent:
* JFIF header: 72 DPI
* EXIF header: 300 DPI

What program did you use to determine this? I'm looking at one of our jpgs in a text editor, and while I see the string "Exif" near the top, I don't see any jfif-like string. GIMP reports 72x72 ppi, but I don't know whether that's exif or jfif.

Apparently XeTeX uses the EXIF header, whereas xdvipdfmx the JFIF header
(or vice versa).

Is there a work-around? Like using some image editor to produce a jpg file with jfif and exif headers that agree on the resolution (and I suppose have the correct one :-)), or maybe converting from jpg to some other format? I suppose I could create a PDF using pdflatex, and import that into my xetex file instead of the original jpg. But before I try all these things, it would be nice to know if someone else has found a work-around...

There is a tool named "exiftool" that can do this. It modifies image metadata without changing the image itself. You can install it either via a package manger (in Debian it's "libimage-exiftool-perl") or you can install it via CPAN (the perl package manager, because it it part of a perl package. If you use cpan, do:
  cpan
  cpan>  install Image::ExifTool

The following two commands will set all resolution metadata known to exiftool to 300.

   exiftool -'*Resolution'=300 image.jpg

I haven't done a thorough testing of this tool, but for OP's image, it worked. (The command might need some refinement, depending on your needs.)

To just read all the metadata, do

  exiftool -v image.jpg





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