Hello misc@, Quite a few people sent me emails about my earier instructions, I posted here some time ago: http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=openbsd-misc&m=1
Now I finally got around to update my instructions on how to create an OpenBSD-based LiveCD/DVD. They are far from perfect, but it works reasonably well (for me). With the instructions you can either create a CD or DVD. I'm too tired to test on amd64 at the moment, but it _should_ work exactly the same (that is one of the reasons I love OpenBSD, no as much pitfalls as in other OS). Also thanks to Stuart Henderson for his recent post about the "new" CD boot method: http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=openbsd-misc&m=115926553800205&w=2 Regards, ahb Best viewed using vim: tw=80; syn on; filetype=conf #----------------------- OpenBSD LiveCD ---------------------------------------# -> <word> # are 'links' to my private documentation, just ignore # Since there isn't an official OpenBSD Live CD/DVD we will create one. # We try to stick to the 'default system' as far as possible, this makes # maintenance much easier. # We need a current system and create a release with source code # -> release # Alternatively you could use OpenBSD stable/release with matching source code # For the paranoid, like myself, using a more strict umask than 022 (e.g. 027): umask 022 # XXX IMPORTANT for everything that follows! # Create a directory, this will become root '/' on the CD. # NOTE: If there is not enough free space on '/usr' you have to choose a # different directory (of course you can do so anyway) and change the paths in # all following commands accordingly. # If you like copy/paste create a link from /usr/livecd to /path/foodir mkdir -p /usr/livecd/backups/dev; chmod 755 /usr/livecd/backups/dev # COMPLICATED way SKIP this! (Life is to short for this kind of stuff!) # <extract sets and manually adjust everything, normally done by install> # SIMPLE way to get this done # Grab an empty hard drive and make a fresh nice and SLIM install of OpenBSD. As # said above you need the source code to the version you install! # HINT: Against all good practices ONLY create an 'a' partition since it will # make creating the CD much easier than having multiple partitions. # This includes all packages/ports you want to be on the CD. # CD: X fine, but gets tight with (X) ports. # CD 800MB: Most sets (including) X + a couple of (X) SLIM ports will fit. # Sets: ALL -game # DVD: Install whatever you want, there is lots of space. # Sets: ALL # You should configure the system EXACTLY like you want it to be on CD. # WARNING: # Some settings should be fairly generic, especially /etc/X11/xorg.conf should # use the vesa driver and a resolution of "1024x768"! # X -configure will be run to "autodetect" settings, if this fails, there is a # fall back to generic xorg.conf, YOU put there. # NOTE: Set a DIFFERENT root password! # NOTE: You really want to start up X and login with your default user once # before proceeding, because we want .fonts.cache-1 to be created. # But shut X down again, before transferring files. # Configuration hints: # Remove: rm -rf /usr/{src,ports}/* # CD only, for DVD you might even extract them. rm /etc/ssh/*key* # Some might want to keep them, I don't # We don't want other people to have a look at our log files for log_file in `find /var/log -type f` do echo "" > $log_file done # Now mount this partition with another OpenBSD system in order to create a # (compressed) tar archive. # NOTE: Do not forget the 'p' flag! cd /mnt/ && tar pczf ~/livecd_root.tar.gz * # Of course you could also do this over the network, e.g.: # cd / && tar pczf - / | ssh [EMAIL PROTECTED] 'cat >~/livecd_root.tar.gz' # We transfer this archive to our build machine and extract into our livecd # directory we created earlier: tar pxzf livecd_root.tar.gz -C /usr/livecd/ # We have to copy "/var", "/etc", "/dev", "/root" and "/home" from "/usr/livecd" # to "/usr/livecd/backup": # WARNING: Delete the "shell history", "viminfo" and other documents we might # NOT want to have on our CD: cd /usr/livecd && rm -i root/{.history,.viminfo} cd /usr/livecd && rm -i home/*/{.history,.viminfo} cp -pR /usr/livecd/{var,etc,root,home} /usr/livecd/backups/ cp -pR /usr/livecd/dev/MAKEDEV /usr/livecd/backups/dev/ cd /usr/livecd && ln -s tmp/xorg.conf.new xorg.conf.new # dirty trick, NEEDED! # WARNING: Check for permission issues in livecd directory # We have to create virtual partitions in memory (MFS) since we want them to be # faster and more important writeable. On boot the content of the tar files # located in "/livecd/backups" is extract into these MFS partitions. # We have to modify the "etc/rc" script in order for this to work: #--------------------------- /usr/livecd/etc/rc -------------------------------# # Create/mount mfs partitions, better do be done inside subshells echo -n 'Replacing with mfs:' echo -n ' /tmp' # Can be smaller (mount_mfs -s 204800 -o async,nosuid,nodev,noatime swap /tmp; \ sleep 1; chmod 1777 /tmp) echo -n ' /dev' (mount_mfs -s 2048 -i 128 -o async,noatime swap /dev; \ sleep 1; tar pzxf /backups/dev.tar.gz -C /; cd /dev && sh MAKEDEV all) \ >>/tmp/livecd_boot.log 2>&1 echo -n ' /var' # Can be smaller (mount_mfs -s 51200 -o async,nosuid,nodev,noatime swap /var; \ sleep 1; tar pzxf /backups/var.tar.gz -C /; \ test -d /var/tmp && (/bin/rm -rf /var/tmp; /bin/ln -sf /tmp /var/tmp)) \ >>/tmp/livecd_boot.log 2>&1 echo -n ' /root' (mount_mfs -s 8192 -o async,nosuid,nodev,noatime swap /root; \ sleep 1; tar pzxf /backups/root.tar.gz -C /) \ >>/tmp/livecd_boot.log 2>&1 echo -n ' /home' # Can be smaller (mount_mfs -s 204800 -o async,nosuid,nodev,noatime swap /home; \ sleep 1; tar pzxf /backups/home.tar.gz -C /) \ >>/tmp/livecd_boot.log 2>&1 echo ' /etc' (mount_mfs -s 20480 -i 4096 -o async,nosuid,nodev,noatime swap /etc; \ sleep 1; tar pzxf /backups/etc.tar.gz -C /) \ >>/tmp/livecd_boot.log 2>&1 # Start regular rc . /etc/rc echo "regular /etc/rc terminated with: $?" # debug # Clean exit exit 0 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------# # READ FIRST LINE! #----------------------- /usr/livecd/backups/etc/rc ---------------------------# # XXX REMOVE these lines umount -a >/dev/null 2>&1 mount -uw / # root on nfs requires this, others aren't hurt rm -f /fastboot # XXX (root now writeable) mount -s /usr >/dev/null 2>&1 mount -s /var >/dev/null 2>&1 echo clearing /tmp # prune quickly with one rm, then use find to clean up /tmp/[lq]* # (not needed with mfs /tmp, but doesn't hurt there...) (cd /tmp && rm -rf [a-km-pr-zA-Z]* && find . ! -name . ! -name lost+found ! -name quota.user \ ! -name quota.group -execdir rm -rf -- {} \; -type d -prune) #------------------------------------------------------------------------------# #----------------------- /usr/livecd/backups/etc/rc.local ---------------------# # Insert at the very END # We need a root Password echo 'Need to set a root password' passwd # We need a password for our default user as well echo "Need to set a password for default user 'ahb'" passwd ahb # Start X environment? echo -n 'Do you want to have a [G]raphical environment or [C]onsole only: ' read ans if [ x"$ans" == x"G" -o x"$ans" == x"g" -o x"$ans" == x"Graphical" ] ; then # Configure X echo 'Configuring X' /usr/X11R6/bin/X -configure >/tmp/X-configure.log 2>&1 if [ $? -eq 0 ] ; then cp /xorg.conf.new /etc/X11/xorg.conf # If you want to use a different keyboard layout (e.g. dvorak): #/usr/bin/sed ' #/Driver[ ]*"kbd"/ a\ #Option "XkbRules" "xorg"\ #Option "XkbModel" "pc105"\ #Option "XkbLayout" "dvorak"\ #' < /etc/X11/xorg.conf > /tmp/xorg.conf #cp /tmp/xorg.conf /etc/X11/xorg.conf # If you are using other fonts (e.g. terminus) than in default fontpath: #/usr/bin/sed ' #/FontPath.*100dpi\/"/ a\ #FontPath "/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/75dpi/:unscaled"\ #FontPath "/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/100dpi/:unscaled"\ #FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/terminus/"\ #FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/mscorefonts/"\ #FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/ghostscript/"\ #FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/freefont/"\ #FontPath "/usr/local/share/fonts"\ #FontPath "/usr/local/share/fonts/override"\ #' < /etc/X11/xorg.conf > /tmp/xorg.conf #cp /tmp/xorg.conf /etc/X11/xorg.conf chmod 644 /etc/X11/xorg.conf else echo 'FAILED will use default xorg.conf' fi rm -f /tmp/.X11-unix/* # Remove stale socket! xdm_flags="" # Start xdm else echo -n 'Does your graphics card support 80x50 consoles? (y/n): ' read ans if [ x"$ans" == x"y" -o x"$ans" == x"yes" -o x"$ans" == x"Y" ] ; then wsfontload -h 8 -e ibm /usr/share/misc/pcvtfonts/vt220l.808 for Terminal in 1 2 3 do wsconscfg -dF $Terminal wsconscfg -t 80x50 $Terminal done fi fi #------------------------------------------------------------------------------# # Create devices we need to boot # WARNING: Partition livecd dir is on (/usr) should NOT have "nodev" set! # NOTE: Not all of created devs would be necessary, but they don't hurt either # since we mount a mfs partition on the real /dev and create devices on boot. cd /usr/livecd/dev && ./MAKEDEV all # WARNING: # As said several times use the source MATCHING YOUR BINARIES! # Bad things will happen if your kernel is not in sync with userland! # Now we need to compile a modified GENERIC kernel that is able to boot from CD. cd /usr/src/sys/arch/$arch/conf # NOTE: Only tested for i386, amd64 cp GENERIC LIVE_CD ------------------- /usr/src/sys/$arch/conf/LIVE_CD ---------------------------- # config bsd swap generic < - we have to change this entry config bsd root on cd0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Compile the modified kernel: config LIVE_CD && cd ../compile/LIVE_CD/ && make clean && make depend && make # -> kernel_compilieren # Copy the compiled kernel in the root directory of livecd: cp bsd /usr/livecd && chown root:wheel /usr/livecd/bsd && \ chmod 644 /usr/livecd/bsd # XXX Repeat above for GENERIC.MP ------------------- /usr/src/sys/$arch/conf/LIVE_CD.MP ------------------------- # include "arch/i386/conf/GENERIC" <- change this entry include "arch/i386/conf/LIVE_CD" -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # We have to modify these files in order to be able to boot: #------------------------ /usr/livecd/etc/boot.conf ---------------------------- set image /bsd set timeout 5 /dev/cd0a / cd9660 ro,noatime 0 0 /dev/cd0a / cd9660 ro,noatime 0 0 # Of course you may have other (noauto) entries here. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # This is optional, but think about if before going on -------------------- /usr/livecd/backups/etc/ttys ------------------------------ # You might want to have the serial console activated otherwise keep defaults tty00 "/usr/libexec/getty std.9600" vt100 on secure local -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Since a CD is not huge we will compress the "backup" directories into compressed # tar archives: # NOTE: This is ONE long command line, you could split it into several steps cd /usr/livecd/backups && \ tar pzcf var.tar.gz var && \ tar pzcf etc.tar.gz etc && \ tar pzcf dev.tar.gz dev && \ tar pzcf home.tar.gz home && \ tar pzcf root.tar.gz root && \ mv /usr/livecd/etc/{rc,fstab,group,passwd,boot.conf,login.conf} \ /usr/livecd/ && \ rm -rf /usr/livecd/{root,home,var,etc}/* && \ mv /usr/livecd/{rc,fstab,group,passwd,boot.conf,login.conf} \ /usr/livecd/etc/ && \ rm -rf /usr/livecd/backups/{var,etc,dev,home,root} # Make sure (empty) directories (with the right permissions) exist for ALL mount # points: /var, /etc, /dev, /home, /root, /tmp cd /usr/livecd/ && \ chmod 700 root && \ chmod 755 {var,etc,dev,home,backups} && \ chmod 1777 tmp # We need to copy cdbr and cdboot to livecd / cp /usr/livecd/usr/mdec/{cdbr,cdboot} /usr/livecd/ # To speed up the livecd, one might want to tune kernel's cachepct: cd /usr/livecd && \ (echo "cachepct 20"; echo "quit") | config -e -o nbsd bsd && \ mv nbsd bsd # XXX Repeat for bsd.mp # Finally we can create the CD .iso image: vers="40" /usr/local/bin/mkisofs \ -no-iso-translate \ -R -T \ -allow-leading-dots \ -l -d -D -N -v \ -V "LiveCD OpenBSD${vers}" \ -A "LiveCD OpenBSD${vers}" \ -p "Andreas Bihlmaier <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>" \ -publisher "Andreas Bihlmaier <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>" \ -b cdbr -no-emul-boot \ -c boot.catalog \ -o /home/livecd.iso \ /usr/livecd/ # Burn the image as usuall: cdrecord -speed=12 -overburn -data livecd.iso # CD growisofs -dvd-compat -Z /dev/rcd1c=/home/livecd.iso # DVD # -> brennen -> cdrecord -> growisofs #------------------------------------------------------------------------------#
