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Date: 25 Nov 98
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Subject: Fertility - Exposure to Cigarette Smoke May Affect Fertility

Exposure to Cigarette Smoke May Affect Fertility
3.17 p.m. ET (2017 GMT) November 24, 1998
Reuters

NEW YORK — Women who smoke may have more trouble conceiving a child than
nonsmoking women, Danish researchers report.

 Their study also suggests that exposure to tobacco smoke before birth
impairs fertility in both sexes. Current smoking in males was not found
to correlate with reduced fertility, however.

 "Data from the present study provide evidence that cigarette smoking is
a reproductive hazard even prior to pregnancy," conclude Dr. Tina Kold
Jensen of Copenhagen University Hospital, Denmark, and colleagues.

 According to the report, animal studies have shown that compounds in
tobacco may interfere with fertilization, implantation, and even early
fetal development. However, the mechanism by which smoking can impair
the future reproductive potential of a fetus remains uncertain.

 "A possible effect of exposure in fetal life could be due to a toxic
exposure or a result of inference with organ growth of critical stages,"
the team suggests. Their finding that women exposed in utero but who did
not smoke as adults still experienced impaired fertility supports this
idea.

 The study, published in the American Journal of Epidemiology, included
430 Danish couples who lived together and had no children. Couples were
followed for six menstrual cycles or until a pregnancy, after
discontinuing birth control.

 Smoking, alcohol consumption and caffeine intake was evaluated with a
questionnaire that couples completed once a month. A statistical model
was used to assess the effect of current smoking and exposure to smoke
in utero.

 The researchers recommend that women stop smoking when they are trying
to conceive as well as during pregnancy. However, they add that their
results in regard to the effects of prenatal exposure to tobacco smoke
on fertility need further study.

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