hehe they should make cigarrettes smell like pipe smoke. Man i hate cigarrettes and i know pipe smoke is just as bad but damn if that stuff doesn't smell so good to me lol
"When I came back from Korea, I had no money, no skills. Sure, I was good with a bayonet, but you can't put that on a resume - it puts people off!" Frank Barone, "Everybody Loves Raymond" ----- Original Message ----- From: "Erika L. Walker-Arnold" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> To: "CF-Community" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> Sent: Wednesday, June 11, 2003 8:55 AM Subject: What's in a cigarette > Passed on from some friends ... Some interesting factoids. > > What's in a cigarette? > > Cigarettes appear to be very simple products - paper tubes filled with > tobacco. But, in fact, cigarettes are highly sophisticated packages, > engineered to deliver doses of the addictive drug nicotine. > > A huge number of additives and flavourings are added to cigarettes to > make > nicotine more attractive and palatable. The European Union has a list of > over 600 additives that manufacturers may use in the creation of their > cigarettes.1 And, when smoked, cigarettes release over 4,000 chemicals, > a > number of which are carcinogenic (cancer causing).2 > > Cigarette companies have spent decades perfecting their product, which > is > why people find it so hard to give them up. Many of the additives, such > as > chocolate, sound innocent. But their purpose is to keep smokers smoking > by > making the experience as pleasurable as possible. Ingredients are also > added > to mask the smell and even visibility of 'side-stream' smoke from the > burning tip of the cigarette, to minimise discomfort to > non-smokers.3,4,5 > Unfortunately, these ingredients make it harder for non-smokers to see, > and > therefore avoid, other people's smoke. > > Below is a list of just some of the more interesting ingredients you can > find in a normal cigarette. > > Nicotine > Carbon monoxide > Tar > Hydrogen cyanide > Ammonia > Sugar > Organic acid salts > Cocca > Pyridine > Chocolate & honey > Menthol > Liquorice > Fillers > Paper > Filters > > > Nicotine > > Nicotine from tobacco leaves is the main addictive ingredient in > cigarettes. > It is delivered into smokers' lungs in a potent mixture of smoke > particles > and gases. The nicotine is rapidly absorbed into the blood and reaches > the > brain within about 10 seconds. At this point the smokers experiences a > nicotine 'hit' or 'kick' - this is when the receptors in the brain > produce > chemicals called dopamines. The brain soon comes to expect regular doses > (or > 'hits') of nicotine and suffers withdrawal symptoms when the supply is > interrupted. > > Nicotine stimulates the central nervous system, increasing the heart > beat > rate and blood pressure. This results in the heart needing more oxygen. > > > Carbon monoxide > > All cigarette smoke contains carbon monoxide - the same poisonous gas > given > off by car exhausts and faulty gas fires. Carbon monoxide prevents the > blood > from carrying oxygen round the body by binding itself to the blood's > haemoglobin. In heavy smokers, their blood's capacity to carry oxygen is > reduced by as much as 15 per cent.6 > > > Tar > > 'Tar' is the collective term for the thousands of chemicals that are > released in cigarette smoke. Tar is the sticky yellow-brown substance > which > stains smokers' teeth and fingers. It is deposited in the lungs every > time a > smoker draws on a cigarette. Smoking 20 to 60 low to high tar cigarettes > a > day will coat your lungs in 1 to 1.5 pounds of tar every year.7 Tar is > responsible for most of the damage to the health of your lungs. > > > Hydrogen cyanide > > Visible smoke accounts for only 5-8 per cent of the output of a burning > cigarette. The rest is made of invisible gases - including hydrogen > cyanide.7 This poisonous gas reduces the body's ability to transport > oxygen. > Other invisible gases, such as nitrosamines, damage the body's cells and > can > trigger cancer tumours. Cigarette smoke also contains chemicals that can > produce gene mutations that have been linked to lung cancer. > > > Ammonia > > Adding ammonia to a cigarette means that the smoker 'freebases' the > nicotine - in much the same way as a crack user takes cocaine. Ammonia > speeds up the delivery of so-called 'free' nicotine by raising the pH > (alkalinity) of tobacco smoke. Raising the pH of smoke changes the > chemical > form of nicotine so that it is more rapidly absorbed by the body. The > result > is a much stronger nicotine hit.8 > > > Sugar > > The most common tobacco additives are sugars of various kinds.9 Sugar > makes > up about 3 per cent of the total weight of a cigarette.10 When a > cigarette > is lit, the sugars begin to burn and produce a chemical called > acetaldehyde.11 Acetaldehyde enhances the addictive effect of > nicotine.12 > > > Organic acid salts > > Nicotine on its own produces smoke that is harsh and irritating. Adding > organic acid salts masks the harshness of the smoke and produces a > smoother > taste. In addition, organic acid salts (such as levulinic acid) also > make > the brain more receptive to nicotine.13 > > > Cocoa > > Cocoa contains a chemical called theobromine, which encourages the > airways > to expand.14 This 'bronchodilator effect' makes it easier for the smoker > to > breathe deeply. So they take in greater amounts of smoke and nicotine. > Cocoa > butter may also be added: it is believed to reduce the harshness of > smoke > and create a smoother smoking experience.15 > > > Pyridine > > Pyridine acts as a depressant on the central nervous system. It works > with > nicotine to boost the effect of smoking.16 > > > Chocolate & honey > > Flavourings such as chocolate17 and honey help disguise the bitterness > of > nicotine. The sweet taste makes cigarettes more palatable. > > > Menthol > > Without additives tobacco smoke not only tastes bad, it is also > extremely > irritating to the throat. Menthol numbs the throat so the smoker cannot > feel > the abrasive effect of the smoke. In this way the body's natural > reaction to > an irritant can be overcome. > > > Liquorice > > Liquorice is one of the most effective flavourings in cigarettes.18 > According to the British Association of Tobacco Manufacturers (BAT) it > produces a 'mellow sweet woody note.'18 This 'greatly enhances the > quality > of the final product.' 'Quality' flavourings play a vital role in > masking > the bad taste of low quality tobacco. Glycyrrhizin - an ingredient of > liquorice - also expands the airways, helping the smoker to breathe in > more > smoke.19 > > > Fillers > > Cigarettes contain chopped up tobacco leaf. But extra bulk is created by > adding 'fillers' made from the tobacco stems and other bits of waste > product.20 Fillers are mixed with water, flavourings and other > additives. > Some brands have more fillers than others. A high filler content makes a > cigarette less dense. The amount of nicotine delivered may be slightly > reduced. > > > Paper > > The type of paper used in the tube wrapping of a cigarette can effect > its > strength. More porous paper lets more air into the cigarette, diluting > the > smoke. This may reduce the amount of tar and nicotine that is inhaled.20 > > > Filters > > Filters, made of cellulose acetate, trap some of the tar and smoke > before > they can reach the smoker's lungs. They also cool smoke and make it > easier > to inhale. Filtered 'low tar' cigarettes (with ventilation holes in the > sides of the filters) were developed by the tobacco industry in response > to > health concerns. But evidence suggests that low-tar cigarettes do not > result > in smokers inhaling lower doses of nicotine.21,22,23 It appears that > smokers > compensate for the diluted effect of these cigarettes by inhaling more > deeply or frequently. Smokers can also block the ventilation holes in > the > filters with their fingers to increase the nicotine being inhaled. This > is > something they may do subconciously. > > > > ..................................................................... > BUPA > the personal health service > ..................................................................... > BUPA House, 15-19 Bloomsbury Way, London, WC1A 2BA > Visit: http://www.bupa.com > > ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~| Archives: http://www.houseoffusion.com/cf_lists/index.cfm?forumid=5 Subscription: http://www.houseoffusion.com/cf_lists/index.cfm?method=subscribe&forumid=5 Host with the leader in ColdFusion hosting. Voted #1 ColdFusion host by CF Developers. Offering shared and dedicated hosting options. www.cfxhosting.com/default.cfm?redirect=10481 Unsubscribe: http://www.houseoffusion.com/cf_lists/unsubscribe.cfm?user=89.70.5
