If router A has a higher priority and is setup to preempt, then when it
comes back up (after a failure), it will resume being the active.
If router A does not setup with preempt, it won't become the active until
Router B fails or is restarted, etc.

HSRP works by "projecting" a virtual IP address and a virtual MAC address. 
You would configure the clients/workstations with a gateway that is the
virtual IP address (or the standby IP).  Whenever the end device sends an
ARP which the routers resolve to the virtual MAC.  It is possible to use a
Burned-in (MAC) Address  (called a BIA) in case the default virtual MAC
causes a problem.  Once the end workstation resolves the virtual IP to the
virtual MAC, it communicates with the virtual MAC, in which both routers
receive and take note of the traffic, but only the active router will
actually forward the traffic.

This is a "in a nutshell" view of HSRP and I'm sure there is something that
I've left out or said wrong, but that's basically it..

Mike W.


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