hubgeter commented on code in PR #65851:
URL: https://github.com/apache/doris/pull/65851#discussion_r3657807211


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fe/fe-core/src/main/java/org/apache/doris/datasource/iceberg/IcebergWriteSchemaContext.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,452 @@
+// Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+// distributed with this work for additional information
+// regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+// software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+// specific language governing permissions and limitations
+// under the License.
+
+package org.apache.doris.datasource.iceberg;
+
+import org.apache.doris.catalog.Column;
+import org.apache.doris.nereids.exceptions.AnalysisException;
+import org.apache.doris.nereids.trees.expressions.Expression;
+import org.apache.doris.nereids.trees.expressions.functions.scalar.Array;
+import org.apache.doris.nereids.trees.expressions.functions.scalar.CreateMap;
+import 
org.apache.doris.nereids.trees.expressions.functions.scalar.CreateNamedStruct;
+import org.apache.doris.nereids.trees.expressions.functions.scalar.Unhex;
+import org.apache.doris.nereids.trees.expressions.literal.ArrayLiteral;
+import org.apache.doris.nereids.trees.expressions.literal.BigIntLiteral;
+import org.apache.doris.nereids.trees.expressions.literal.BooleanLiteral;
+import org.apache.doris.nereids.trees.expressions.literal.DateTimeV2Literal;
+import org.apache.doris.nereids.trees.expressions.literal.DateV2Literal;
+import org.apache.doris.nereids.trees.expressions.literal.DecimalV3Literal;
+import org.apache.doris.nereids.trees.expressions.literal.DoubleLiteral;
+import org.apache.doris.nereids.trees.expressions.literal.FloatLiteral;
+import org.apache.doris.nereids.trees.expressions.literal.IntegerLiteral;
+import org.apache.doris.nereids.trees.expressions.literal.Literal;
+import org.apache.doris.nereids.trees.expressions.literal.MapLiteral;
+import org.apache.doris.nereids.trees.expressions.literal.NullLiteral;
+import org.apache.doris.nereids.trees.expressions.literal.StringLiteral;
+import org.apache.doris.nereids.trees.expressions.literal.StructLiteral;
+import org.apache.doris.nereids.trees.expressions.literal.TimestampTzLiteral;
+import org.apache.doris.nereids.trees.expressions.literal.VarBinaryLiteral;
+import org.apache.doris.nereids.types.DataType;
+import org.apache.doris.nereids.types.DateTimeV2Type;
+import org.apache.doris.nereids.types.DecimalV3Type;
+import org.apache.doris.nereids.types.StructType;
+import org.apache.doris.nereids.types.TimeStampTzType;
+import org.apache.doris.nereids.types.VarBinaryType;
+import org.apache.doris.nereids.util.TypeCoercionUtils;
+
+import com.google.common.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
+import com.google.common.base.Preconditions;
+import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableList;
+import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableMap;
+import com.google.common.io.BaseEncoding;
+import org.apache.iceberg.Schema;
+import org.apache.iceberg.SchemaParser;
+import org.apache.iceberg.SnapshotRef;
+import org.apache.iceberg.StructLike;
+import org.apache.iceberg.Table;
+import org.apache.iceberg.types.Type;
+import org.apache.iceberg.types.Types;
+import org.apache.iceberg.util.SnapshotUtil;
+
+import java.math.BigDecimal;
+import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
+import java.time.Instant;
+import java.time.LocalDate;
+import java.time.LocalDateTime;
+import java.time.ZoneOffset;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.Optional;
+import java.util.UUID;
+
+/**
+ * Statement-scoped Iceberg write schema and write-default values.
+ *
+ * <p>The context pins one Iceberg schema before analysis. The analyzer, 
planner sink and
+ * transaction preflight must all use this same instance so a concurrent 
schema change cannot
+ * combine expressions from one schema with a writer schema from another one.
+ */
+public final class IcebergWriteSchemaContext {
+    private final long tableId;
+    private final String tableName;
+    private final Schema schema;
+    private final int formatVersion;
+    private final Optional<String> branchName;
+    private final String schemaJson;
+    private final String mergeSchemaJson;
+    private final List<Column> columns;
+    private final List<Column> mergeColumns;
+    private final Map<Integer, Types.NestedField> fieldsById;
+    private final Map<Integer, Expression> writeDefaultsById;
+
+    /** Pin the current main or branch schema under the catalog authentication 
boundary. */
+    public static IcebergWriteSchemaContext create(
+            IcebergExternalTable dorisTable, Optional<String> branchName) {
+        Objects.requireNonNull(dorisTable, "dorisTable should not be null");
+        Objects.requireNonNull(branchName, "branchName should not be null");
+        try {
+            return 
dorisTable.getCatalog().getExecutionAuthenticator().execute(() -> {
+                Table table = dorisTable.getIcebergTable();
+                table.refresh();
+                Schema schema = resolveSchema(table, branchName, 
dorisTable.getName());
+                int formatVersion = IcebergUtils.getFormatVersion(table);
+                return new IcebergWriteSchemaContext(
+                        dorisTable.getId(), dorisTable.getName(), schema, 
formatVersion, branchName,
+                        dorisTable.getCatalog().getEnableMappingVarbinary(),
+                        dorisTable.getCatalog().getEnableMappingTimestampTz());
+            });
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            throw new AnalysisException("Failed to pin Iceberg write schema 
for table "
+                    + dorisTable.getName() + ": " + e.getMessage(), e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    public static IcebergWriteSchemaContext forSchema(Schema schema, int 
formatVersion,
+            boolean enableMappingVarbinary, boolean enableMappingTimestampTz) {
+        return new IcebergWriteSchemaContext(-1L, "test_table", schema, 
formatVersion,
+                Optional.empty(), enableMappingVarbinary, 
enableMappingTimestampTz);
+    }
+
+    private IcebergWriteSchemaContext(long tableId, String tableName, Schema 
schema,
+            int formatVersion, Optional<String> branchName,
+            boolean enableMappingVarbinary, boolean enableMappingTimestampTz) {
+        this.tableId = tableId;
+        this.tableName = Objects.requireNonNull(tableName, "tableName should 
not be null");
+        this.schema = Objects.requireNonNull(schema, "schema should not be 
null");
+        this.formatVersion = formatVersion;
+        this.branchName = Objects.requireNonNull(branchName, "branchName 
should not be null");
+        this.schemaJson = SchemaParser.toJson(schema);
+        Schema mergeSchema = formatVersion >= 
IcebergUtils.ICEBERG_ROW_LINEAGE_MIN_VERSION
+                ? IcebergUtils.appendRowLineageFieldsForV3(schema) : schema;
+        this.mergeSchemaJson = SchemaParser.toJson(mergeSchema);
+
+        List<Column> parsedColumns = IcebergUtils.parseSchema(
+                schema, enableMappingVarbinary, enableMappingTimestampTz);
+        this.columns = ImmutableList.copyOf(parsedColumns);
+        List<Column> writerColumns = new ArrayList<>(parsedColumns);
+        writerColumns.add(IcebergRowId.createHiddenColumn());
+        if (formatVersion >= IcebergUtils.ICEBERG_ROW_LINEAGE_MIN_VERSION) {
+            Column rowIdColumn = IcebergUtils.parseField(
+                    org.apache.iceberg.MetadataColumns.ROW_ID,
+                    enableMappingVarbinary, enableMappingTimestampTz);
+            rowIdColumn.setIsVisible(false);
+            writerColumns.add(rowIdColumn);
+            Column sequenceColumn = IcebergUtils.parseField(
+                    
org.apache.iceberg.MetadataColumns.LAST_UPDATED_SEQUENCE_NUMBER,
+                    enableMappingVarbinary, enableMappingTimestampTz);
+            sequenceColumn.setIsVisible(false);
+            writerColumns.add(sequenceColumn);
+        }
+        this.mergeColumns = ImmutableList.copyOf(writerColumns);
+
+        ImmutableMap.Builder<Integer, Types.NestedField> byId = 
ImmutableMap.builder();
+        ImmutableMap.Builder<Integer, Expression> defaults = 
ImmutableMap.builder();
+        for (Types.NestedField field : schema.columns()) {
+            byId.put(field.fieldId(), field);
+            if (field.writeDefault() != null) {
+                DataType targetType = 
DataType.fromCatalogType(IcebergUtils.icebergTypeToDorisType(
+                        field.type(), enableMappingVarbinary, 
enableMappingTimestampTz));
+                defaults.put(field.fieldId(), toDorisExpression(
+                        field.type(), field.writeDefault(), targetType,
+                        enableMappingVarbinary, enableMappingTimestampTz));
+            }
+        }
+        this.fieldsById = byId.build();
+        this.writeDefaultsById = defaults.build();
+    }
+
+    private static Schema resolveSchema(Table table, Optional<String> 
branchName, String tableName) {
+        if (!branchName.isPresent()) {
+            return table.schema();
+        }
+        SnapshotRef ref = table.refs().get(branchName.get());
+        if (ref == null) {
+            throw new AnalysisException(branchName.get() + " is not founded in 
" + tableName);
+        }
+        if (!ref.isBranch()) {
+            throw new AnalysisException(branchName.get()
+                    + " is a tag, not a branch. Tags cannot be targets for 
producing snapshots");
+        }
+        return SnapshotUtil.schemaFor(table, ref.snapshotId());

Review Comment:
   Kept the branch-head snapshot schema because the later human review 
correctly withdrew this claim after comparing Spark-Iceberg behavior. The 
release note, PR body, and design document now explicitly state that branch 
writes use the branch-head schema and that columns added after the branch point 
are unavailable until the branch advances.



##########
fe/fe-core/src/main/java/org/apache/doris/nereids/trees/plans/commands/IcebergUpdateCommand.java:
##########
@@ -115,6 +118,8 @@ public void run(ConnectContext ctx, StmtExecutor executor) 
throws Exception {
 
         IcebergExternalTable icebergTable = (IcebergExternalTable) table;
         IcebergDmlCommandUtils.checkUpdateMode(icebergTable);
+        IcebergWriteSchemaContext writeSchemaContext = 
IcebergWriteSchemaContext.create(

Review Comment:
   Fixed in 0dd1a86a681. UPDATE and MERGE now install the pinned 
IcebergWriteSchemaContext around both execution planning and explain planning, 
and restore the previous context in finally blocks. Unit coverage verifies 
successful UPDATE, matched MERGE, cross-column defaults, failure paths, and 
context restoration.



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