FrankChen021 commented on code in PR #20469:
URL: https://github.com/apache/druid/pull/20469#discussion_r4165586117


##########
processing/src/main/java/org/apache/druid/query/dimension/ListFilteredDimensionSpec.java:
##########
@@ -122,9 +124,9 @@ public static IdMapping buildDenyListIdMapping(
     return builder.build();
   }
 
-  public static DimensionSelector filterAllowList(Set<String> values, 
DimensionSelector selector, boolean forcePredicateFilter)
+  public static DimensionSelector filterAllowList(Set<String> values, 
DimensionSelector selector)

Review Comment:
   Agreed. I rechecked the current `DimensionSpec` contract, which explicitly 
says it is not `@PublicApi` and is not meant to be stable for non-built-in 
queries, so the public Java visibility alone does not establish an 
extension-compatibility requirement here. I withdraw this finding for the 
follow-up.
   
   <!-- mergelens:review -->



##########
sql/src/main/java/org/apache/druid/sql/calcite/expression/builtin/MultiValueStringOperatorConversions.java:
##########
@@ -375,48 +380,139 @@ public DruidExpression toDruidExpression(
       };
 
       Expr expr = 
plannerContext.parseExpression(druidExpressions.get(1).getExpression());
-      if (druidExpressions.get(0).isSimpleExtraction() && expr.isLiteral()) {
+      if (expr.isLiteral()) {
         Object[] lit = expr.eval(InputBindings.nilBindings()).asArray();
         if (lit == null || lit.length == 0) {
-          return null;
+          return druidExpressions.get(0).isSimpleExtraction()
+                 ? null
+                 : DruidExpression.ofExpression(ColumnType.STRING, builder, 
druidExpressions);
         }
         HashSet<String> literals = Sets.newHashSetWithExpectedSize(lit.length);
         for (Object o : lit) {
           literals.add(Evals.asString(o));
         }
 
-        DruidExpression druidExpression = DruidExpression.ofVirtualColumn(
-            Calcites.getColumnTypeForRelDataType(rexNode.getType()),
-            builder,
+        final DruidExpression druidExpression = 
toFilteredVirtualColumnExpression(
+            plannerContext,
+            rowSignature,
+            rexNode,
             druidExpressions,
-            (name, outputType, parser, self) -> new ListFilteredVirtualColumn(
-                name,
-                self.getArguments().get(0)
-                    .getSimpleExtraction()
-                    
.toDimensionSpec(druidExpressions.get(0).getDirectColumn(), outputType),
-                literals,
-                isAllowList()
-            )
+            builder,
+            (name, delegate) -> new ListFilteredVirtualColumn(name, delegate, 
literals, isAllowList())
         );
-
-        // if the join expression VC registry is present, it means that this 
expression is part of a join condition
-        // and since that's the case, create virtual column here itself for 
optimized usage in join matching
-        if (plannerContext.getJoinExpressionVirtualColumnRegistry() != null) {
-          String virtualColumnName = 
plannerContext.getJoinExpressionVirtualColumnRegistry()
-                                                   
.getOrCreateVirtualColumnForExpression(
-                                                       druidExpression,
-                                                       ColumnType.STRING
-                                                   );
-          return DruidExpression.ofColumn(ColumnType.STRING, 
virtualColumnName);
+        if (druidExpression != null) {
+          return druidExpression;
         }
-
-        return druidExpression;
       }
 
       return DruidExpression.ofExpression(ColumnType.STRING, builder, 
druidExpressions);
     }
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Creates a {@link VirtualColumn} for a multi-value string filtering 
function given the {@link DimensionSpec} of the
+   * multi-value string to filter
+   */
+  @FunctionalInterface
+  private interface FilteredVirtualColumnCreator
+  {
+    VirtualColumn create(String name, DimensionSpec delegate);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Builds a {@link DruidExpression.NodeType#SPECIALIZED} expression for a 
multi-value string filtering function whose
+   * first argument is the multi-value string to filter, if the first argument 
can be used as the delegate
+   * {@link DimensionSpec} of a specialized filtering virtual column. Returns 
null if it cannot, in which case callers
+   * should fall back to a plain expression.
+   *
+   * @see #toFilterDelegate(PlannerContext, RowSignature, DruidExpression)
+   */
+  @Nullable
+  private static DruidExpression toFilteredVirtualColumnExpression(
+      PlannerContext plannerContext,
+      RowSignature rowSignature,
+      RexNode rexNode,
+      List<DruidExpression> druidExpressions,
+      DruidExpression.ExpressionGenerator builder,
+      FilteredVirtualColumnCreator virtualColumnCreator
+  )
+  {
+    final DruidExpression delegate = toFilterDelegate(plannerContext, 
rowSignature, druidExpressions.get(0));
+    if (delegate == null) {
+      return null;
+    }
+    final List<DruidExpression> arguments = new ArrayList<>(druidExpressions);
+    arguments.set(0, delegate);
+
+    final DruidExpression druidExpression = DruidExpression.ofVirtualColumn(
+        Calcites.getColumnTypeForRelDataType(rexNode.getType()),
+        builder,
+        arguments,
+        (name, outputType, parser, self) -> {
+          final DruidExpression arg = self.getArguments().get(0);
+          if (!arg.isSimpleExtraction()) {
+            // the delegate expression was not lifted into its own virtual 
column by specialization, so we cannot
+            // reference it by name, fall back to a plain expression virtual 
column
+            return self.toExpressionVirtualColumn(name, outputType, parser);
+          }
+          return virtualColumnCreator.create(
+              name,
+              arg.getSimpleExtraction().toDimensionSpec(arg.getDirectColumn(), 
outputType)
+          );
+        }
+    );
+
+    // if the join expression VC registry is present, it means that this 
expression is part of a join condition
+    // and since that's the case, create virtual column here itself for 
optimized usage in join matching
+    if (plannerContext.getJoinExpressionVirtualColumnRegistry() != null) {
+      String virtualColumnName = 
plannerContext.getJoinExpressionVirtualColumnRegistry()
+                                               
.getOrCreateVirtualColumnForExpression(
+                                                   druidExpression,
+                                                   ColumnType.STRING
+                                               );
+      return DruidExpression.ofColumn(ColumnType.STRING, virtualColumnName);
+    }
+
+    return druidExpression;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Returns a {@link DruidExpression} suitable to use as the delegate {@link 
DimensionSpec} of a specialized multi-value
+   * string filtering virtual column, or null if there is no such expression.
+   *
+   * Simple extractions are used directly. Expressions of a single {@link 
ColumnType#STRING} input are marked
+   * {@link DruidExpression#asSpecialized()} so that they are lifted into 
their own {@link ExpressionVirtualColumn}
+   * which the filtering virtual column can use as its delegate. When the 
input column is dictionary encoded, the
+   * expression virtual column produces a dimension selector backed by the 
input column dictionary which defers
+   * expression evaluation until values are looked up, allowing the filtering 
virtual column to evaluate the expression
+   * once per dictionary value instead of for every row.
+   */
+  @Nullable
+  private static DruidExpression toFilterDelegate(
+      PlannerContext plannerContext,
+      RowSignature rowSignature,
+      DruidExpression arg
+  )
+  {
+    if (arg.isSimpleExtraction()) {
+      return arg;
+    }
+    if (arg.getType() == DruidExpression.NodeType.SPECIALIZED || 
!ColumnType.STRING.equals(arg.getDruidType())) {
+      return null;
+    }
+    final Expr.BindingAnalysis bindingAnalysis = 
plannerContext.parseExpression(arg.getExpression()).analyzeInputs();
+    if (bindingAnalysis.getRequiredBindings().size() != 1

Review Comment:
   Understood. Given the intended policy that nondeterministic expressions may 
run one or more times during a query, the dictionary-deferred evaluation here 
is acceptable and I withdraw this finding. I rechecked the current delegate and 
selector path and found no separate actionable issue in this thread.
   
   <!-- mergelens:review -->



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