Copilot commented on code in PR #12400:
URL: https://github.com/apache/gluten/pull/12400#discussion_r3559525812


##########
cpp/velox/utils/ConfigExtractor.cc:
##########
@@ -322,6 +322,10 @@ std::shared_ptr<facebook::velox::config::ConfigBase> 
createHiveConnectorConfig(
 
   
hiveConfMap[facebook::velox::connector::hive::HiveConfig::kEnableFileHandleCache]
 =
       conf->get<bool>(kVeloxFileHandleCacheEnabled, 
kVeloxFileHandleCacheEnabledDefault) ? "true" : "false";
+  
hiveConfMap[facebook::velox::connector::hive::HiveConfig::kNumCacheFileHandles] 
=
+      std::to_string(conf->get<int32_t>(kVeloxNumCacheFileHandles, 
kVeloxNumCacheFileHandlesDefault));
+  
hiveConfMap[facebook::velox::connector::hive::HiveConfig::kFileHandleExpirationDurationMs]
 = std::to_string(
+      conf->get<int64_t>(kVeloxFileHandleExpirationDurationMs, 
kVeloxFileHandleExpirationDurationMsDefault));

Review Comment:
   The new assignment to kFileHandleExpirationDurationMs is formatted as a 
single long statement (`= std::to_string(...)`) which is inconsistent with the 
surrounding map assignments and may exceed line-length/clang-format 
expectations. Please wrap it like the adjacent entries for readability and 
consistent formatting.



##########
backends-velox/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/VeloxFileHandleCacheSuite.scala:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,319 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.spark.sql.execution
+
+import org.apache.gluten.config.VeloxConfig
+import org.apache.gluten.execution.{BasicScanExecTransformer, 
VeloxWholeStageTransformerSuite}
+
+import org.apache.spark.SparkConf
+
+/**
+ * Test suite for Velox file handle cache behavior.
+ *
+ * Tests correctness, config propagation, and edge cases for the file handle 
cache which caches open
+ * file handles (descriptors) to avoid repeated open/close overhead.
+ */
+class VeloxFileHandleCacheSuite extends VeloxWholeStageTransformerSuite {
+  override protected val resourcePath: String = "/parquet-for-read"
+  override protected val fileFormat: String = "parquet"
+
+  // TTL for file handle cache eviction (used in sparkConf and sleep 
calculations)
+  private val ttlMs = 2000
+  private val ttlWaitMs = ttlMs + 1000 // TTL + buffer for eviction to take 
effect
+
+  override protected def sparkConf: SparkConf = {
+    super.sparkConf
+      .set(VeloxConfig.COLUMNAR_VELOX_FILE_HANDLE_CACHE_ENABLED.key, "true")
+      .set(VeloxConfig.COLUMNAR_VELOX_FILE_HANDLE_EXPIRATION_DURATION_MS.key, 
ttlMs.toString)
+      .set(VeloxConfig.COLUMNAR_VELOX_NUM_CACHE_FILE_HANDLES.key, "10000")
+  }
+
+  testWithSpecifiedSparkVersion(
+    "basic scan correctness with file handle cache enabled",
+    "3.5",
+    "3.5") {
+    // Verify that enabling file handle cache produces correct scan results
+    withTempPath {
+      dir =>
+        spark
+          .range(10000)
+          .selectExpr("id", "cast(id % 7 as int) as category", "id * 1.5 as 
value")
+          .repartition(10)
+          .write
+          .parquet(dir.getCanonicalPath)
+
+        val df = spark.read.parquet(dir.getCanonicalPath)
+        df.createOrReplaceTempView("t")
+
+        runQueryAndCompare("SELECT count(*) FROM t") {
+          checkGlutenPlan[BasicScanExecTransformer]
+        }
+        runQueryAndCompare("SELECT sum(value) FROM t WHERE category = 3") {
+          checkGlutenPlan[BasicScanExecTransformer]
+        }
+        runQueryAndCompare("SELECT category, count(*) FROM t GROUP BY 
category") {
+          checkGlutenPlan[BasicScanExecTransformer]
+        }
+    }
+  }
+
+  testWithSpecifiedSparkVersion(
+    "repeated scans produce consistent results",
+    "3.5",
+    "3.5") {
+    // Repeated scans of the same files must produce identical results 
regardless
+    // of whether handles are served from cache or re-opened after TTL 
eviction.
+    withTempPath {
+      dir =>
+        spark
+          .range(5000)
+          .selectExpr("id", "cast(id as string) as name")
+          .repartition(50) // 50 files to exercise many cache entries
+          .write
+          .parquet(dir.getCanonicalPath)
+
+        val path = dir.getCanonicalPath
+        val expected = spark.read.parquet(path).count()
+        assert(expected == 5000)
+
+        // Verify scans go through Gluten/Velox
+        checkGlutenPlan[BasicScanExecTransformer](spark.read.parquet(path))
+
+        // Scan the same files multiple times - results must be consistent
+        for (i <- 1 to 5) {
+          val count = spark.read.parquet(path).count()
+          assert(
+            count == expected,
+            s"Iteration $i: expected $expected rows but got $count")
+        }
+
+        // Verify aggregation consistency across repeated scans
+        val firstSum = 
spark.read.parquet(path).selectExpr("sum(id)").collect()(0).getLong(0)
+        for (i <- 1 to 3) {
+          val sum = 
spark.read.parquet(path).selectExpr("sum(id)").collect()(0).getLong(0)
+          assert(
+            sum == firstSum,
+            s"Iteration $i: sum mismatch, expected $firstSum but got $sum")
+        }
+    }
+  }
+
+  testWithSpecifiedSparkVersion(
+    "many small files do not cause errors with file handle cache",
+    "3.5",
+    "3.5") {
+    // Verify that scanning many small files with caching enabled does not 
cause
+    // file descriptor exhaustion or other resource-related errors.
+    withTempPath {
+      dir =>
+        // Create 200 small parquet files
+        spark
+          .range(20000)
+          .selectExpr("id", "uuid() as payload")
+          .repartition(200)
+          .write
+          .parquet(dir.getCanonicalPath)
+
+        val fileCount = dir.listFiles().count(_.getName.endsWith(".parquet"))
+        assert(fileCount >= 200, s"Expected at least 200 files, got 
$fileCount")
+
+        // Verify scans go through Gluten/Velox
+        
checkGlutenPlan[BasicScanExecTransformer](spark.read.parquet(dir.getCanonicalPath))
+
+        // Scan all files - should work without resource errors
+        val count = spark.read.parquet(dir.getCanonicalPath).count()
+        assert(count == 20000)
+
+        // Scan again - results must remain consistent
+        val count2 = spark.read.parquet(dir.getCanonicalPath).count()
+        assert(count2 == 20000)
+    }
+  }
+
+  testWithSpecifiedSparkVersion(
+    "filtered scan correctness with file handle cache",
+    "3.5",
+    "3.5") {
+    // Verify that predicate pushdown works correctly with cached file handles.
+    // This exercises the row group skipping path through cached handles.
+    withTempPath {
+      dir =>
+        spark
+          .range(100000)
+          .selectExpr(
+            "id",
+            "cast(id % 10 as int) as partition_key",
+            "cast(id * 0.01 as double) as metric")
+          .repartition(20)
+          .write
+          .parquet(dir.getCanonicalPath)
+
+        val path = dir.getCanonicalPath
+
+        // Verify scans go through Gluten/Velox
+        checkGlutenPlan[BasicScanExecTransformer](
+          spark.read.parquet(path).where("partition_key = 5"))
+
+        // Filter that matches ~10% of rows
+        val filtered = spark.read.parquet(path).where("partition_key = 
5").count()
+        assert(filtered == 10000, s"Expected 10000 filtered rows, got 
$filtered")
+
+        // Range filter
+        val rangeFiltered = spark.read.parquet(path).where("id >= 
50000").count()
+        assert(rangeFiltered == 50000, s"Expected 50000 range-filtered rows, 
got $rangeFiltered")
+
+        // Re-run same filters - results must remain consistent
+        val filtered2 = spark.read.parquet(path).where("partition_key = 
5").count()
+        assert(filtered2 == filtered, "Filtered count mismatch on repeated 
scan")
+    }
+  }
+
+  testWithSpecifiedSparkVersion(
+    "scan after file deletion produces appropriate error or empty result",
+    "3.5",
+    "3.5") {
+    // If a file is deleted between scans, the next scan should either:
+    // - Succeed (if the cached FD still works on Linux with unlinked inodes)
+    // - Produce an error (not silently return wrong data)
+    withTempPath {
+      dir =>
+        spark
+          .range(1000)
+          .selectExpr("id")
+          .repartition(5)
+          .write
+          .parquet(dir.getCanonicalPath)
+
+        val path = dir.getCanonicalPath
+        // First scan populates the cache
+        val count1 = spark.read.parquet(path).count()
+        assert(count1 == 1000)
+
+        // Verify scans go through Gluten/Velox
+        checkGlutenPlan[BasicScanExecTransformer](spark.read.parquet(path))
+
+        // Delete one parquet file
+        val parquetFiles = 
dir.listFiles().filter(_.getName.endsWith(".parquet"))
+        assert(parquetFiles.nonEmpty)
+        val deletedFile = parquetFiles.head
+        val deletedRows = 
spark.read.parquet(deletedFile.getCanonicalPath).count()
+        assert(deletedFile.delete(), s"Failed to delete 
${deletedFile.getCanonicalPath}")
+
+        // On Linux, the cached FD to the deleted file may still work 
(unlinked inode).
+        // Either way, the remaining files should be readable.
+        // The scan may also throw if the FS detects the missing file.
+        try {
+          val count2 = spark.read.parquet(path).count()
+          // The count should be either (count1 - deletedRows) or count1
+          // depending on whether the OS kept the inode accessible
+          assert(
+            count2 == count1 || count2 == count1 - deletedRows,
+            s"Unexpected count after deletion: $count2 (original: $count1, 
deleted: $deletedRows)")
+        } catch {
+          case e: Exception
+              if e.getMessage != null &&
+                (e.getMessage.contains("FileNotFoundException") ||
+                  e.getMessage.contains("No such file") ||
+                  e.getMessage.contains("Path does not exist") ||
+                  e.getMessage.contains("does not exist")) =>
+          // Acceptable: the scan failed because the deleted file is no longer 
accessible.
+          // The important thing is that it does not silently return wrong 
data.
+        }

Review Comment:
   Catching deletion-related failures by matching substrings in `e.getMessage` 
is brittle (messages vary across Hadoop FS implementations and Spark versions). 
Prefer checking the exception cause chain for a FileNotFound/NoSuchFile style 
exception, and only fall back to message matching as a last resort.



##########
backends-velox/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/VeloxFileHandleCacheSuite.scala:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,319 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.spark.sql.execution
+
+import org.apache.gluten.config.VeloxConfig
+import org.apache.gluten.execution.{BasicScanExecTransformer, 
VeloxWholeStageTransformerSuite}
+
+import org.apache.spark.SparkConf
+
+/**
+ * Test suite for Velox file handle cache behavior.
+ *
+ * Tests correctness, config propagation, and edge cases for the file handle 
cache which caches open
+ * file handles (descriptors) to avoid repeated open/close overhead.
+ */
+class VeloxFileHandleCacheSuite extends VeloxWholeStageTransformerSuite {
+  override protected val resourcePath: String = "/parquet-for-read"
+  override protected val fileFormat: String = "parquet"
+
+  // TTL for file handle cache eviction (used in sparkConf and sleep 
calculations)
+  private val ttlMs = 2000
+  private val ttlWaitMs = ttlMs + 1000 // TTL + buffer for eviction to take 
effect
+
+  override protected def sparkConf: SparkConf = {
+    super.sparkConf
+      .set(VeloxConfig.COLUMNAR_VELOX_FILE_HANDLE_CACHE_ENABLED.key, "true")
+      .set(VeloxConfig.COLUMNAR_VELOX_FILE_HANDLE_EXPIRATION_DURATION_MS.key, 
ttlMs.toString)
+      .set(VeloxConfig.COLUMNAR_VELOX_NUM_CACHE_FILE_HANDLES.key, "10000")
+  }
+
+  testWithSpecifiedSparkVersion(
+    "basic scan correctness with file handle cache enabled",
+    "3.5",
+    "3.5") {
+    // Verify that enabling file handle cache produces correct scan results
+    withTempPath {
+      dir =>
+        spark
+          .range(10000)
+          .selectExpr("id", "cast(id % 7 as int) as category", "id * 1.5 as 
value")
+          .repartition(10)
+          .write
+          .parquet(dir.getCanonicalPath)
+
+        val df = spark.read.parquet(dir.getCanonicalPath)
+        df.createOrReplaceTempView("t")
+
+        runQueryAndCompare("SELECT count(*) FROM t") {
+          checkGlutenPlan[BasicScanExecTransformer]
+        }
+        runQueryAndCompare("SELECT sum(value) FROM t WHERE category = 3") {
+          checkGlutenPlan[BasicScanExecTransformer]
+        }
+        runQueryAndCompare("SELECT category, count(*) FROM t GROUP BY 
category") {
+          checkGlutenPlan[BasicScanExecTransformer]
+        }
+    }
+  }
+
+  testWithSpecifiedSparkVersion(
+    "repeated scans produce consistent results",
+    "3.5",
+    "3.5") {
+    // Repeated scans of the same files must produce identical results 
regardless
+    // of whether handles are served from cache or re-opened after TTL 
eviction.
+    withTempPath {
+      dir =>
+        spark
+          .range(5000)
+          .selectExpr("id", "cast(id as string) as name")
+          .repartition(50) // 50 files to exercise many cache entries
+          .write
+          .parquet(dir.getCanonicalPath)
+
+        val path = dir.getCanonicalPath
+        val expected = spark.read.parquet(path).count()
+        assert(expected == 5000)
+
+        // Verify scans go through Gluten/Velox
+        checkGlutenPlan[BasicScanExecTransformer](spark.read.parquet(path))
+
+        // Scan the same files multiple times - results must be consistent
+        for (i <- 1 to 5) {
+          val count = spark.read.parquet(path).count()
+          assert(
+            count == expected,
+            s"Iteration $i: expected $expected rows but got $count")
+        }
+
+        // Verify aggregation consistency across repeated scans
+        val firstSum = 
spark.read.parquet(path).selectExpr("sum(id)").collect()(0).getLong(0)
+        for (i <- 1 to 3) {
+          val sum = 
spark.read.parquet(path).selectExpr("sum(id)").collect()(0).getLong(0)
+          assert(
+            sum == firstSum,
+            s"Iteration $i: sum mismatch, expected $firstSum but got $sum")
+        }
+    }
+  }
+
+  testWithSpecifiedSparkVersion(
+    "many small files do not cause errors with file handle cache",
+    "3.5",
+    "3.5") {
+    // Verify that scanning many small files with caching enabled does not 
cause
+    // file descriptor exhaustion or other resource-related errors.
+    withTempPath {
+      dir =>
+        // Create 200 small parquet files
+        spark
+          .range(20000)
+          .selectExpr("id", "uuid() as payload")
+          .repartition(200)
+          .write
+          .parquet(dir.getCanonicalPath)
+
+        val fileCount = dir.listFiles().count(_.getName.endsWith(".parquet"))
+        assert(fileCount >= 200, s"Expected at least 200 files, got 
$fileCount")
+
+        // Verify scans go through Gluten/Velox
+        
checkGlutenPlan[BasicScanExecTransformer](spark.read.parquet(dir.getCanonicalPath))
+
+        // Scan all files - should work without resource errors
+        val count = spark.read.parquet(dir.getCanonicalPath).count()
+        assert(count == 20000)
+
+        // Scan again - results must remain consistent
+        val count2 = spark.read.parquet(dir.getCanonicalPath).count()
+        assert(count2 == 20000)
+    }
+  }
+
+  testWithSpecifiedSparkVersion(
+    "filtered scan correctness with file handle cache",
+    "3.5",
+    "3.5") {
+    // Verify that predicate pushdown works correctly with cached file handles.
+    // This exercises the row group skipping path through cached handles.
+    withTempPath {
+      dir =>
+        spark
+          .range(100000)
+          .selectExpr(
+            "id",
+            "cast(id % 10 as int) as partition_key",
+            "cast(id * 0.01 as double) as metric")
+          .repartition(20)
+          .write
+          .parquet(dir.getCanonicalPath)
+
+        val path = dir.getCanonicalPath
+
+        // Verify scans go through Gluten/Velox
+        checkGlutenPlan[BasicScanExecTransformer](
+          spark.read.parquet(path).where("partition_key = 5"))
+
+        // Filter that matches ~10% of rows
+        val filtered = spark.read.parquet(path).where("partition_key = 
5").count()
+        assert(filtered == 10000, s"Expected 10000 filtered rows, got 
$filtered")
+
+        // Range filter
+        val rangeFiltered = spark.read.parquet(path).where("id >= 
50000").count()
+        assert(rangeFiltered == 50000, s"Expected 50000 range-filtered rows, 
got $rangeFiltered")
+
+        // Re-run same filters - results must remain consistent
+        val filtered2 = spark.read.parquet(path).where("partition_key = 
5").count()
+        assert(filtered2 == filtered, "Filtered count mismatch on repeated 
scan")
+    }
+  }
+
+  testWithSpecifiedSparkVersion(
+    "scan after file deletion produces appropriate error or empty result",
+    "3.5",
+    "3.5") {
+    // If a file is deleted between scans, the next scan should either:
+    // - Succeed (if the cached FD still works on Linux with unlinked inodes)
+    // - Produce an error (not silently return wrong data)

Review Comment:
   The test name says it expects an "error or empty result", but the assertion 
below only accepts either the original count or (count1 - deletedRows). To 
avoid confusion, update the test name (or adjust assertions) so the stated 
expectation matches what the test actually validates.



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