-Caveat Lector-

Some Y2K Items:

Attitudes about Y2K can be divided into four quadrants. Imagine
"Naive" and "Informed" on the vertical axis, and "Pessimist" and
"Optimist" on the horizontal column, looking something like the
quadrants from the, "Seven habits of highly effective people"
book.

So you have a square divided into four smaller squares. In the
upper left, you have "Pessimistic informed," in the upper right,
"Optimistic informed." On the lower left, "Pessimistic naïve,"
and in the lower right, "Pessimistic informed."
Here are the characteristics of each group:

OPTIMISTIC NAIVE
This is perhaps the largest group of all. These are people who
think Y2K is "no big deal" because they haven't really examined
the issue. We're not trying to be insulting, but "ignorance" is a
good description here. Optimistic Naive refers to anyone who
isn't taking the problem seriously and simultaneously doesn't
have good information about it.

PESSIMISTIC NAIVE
This is a much smaller group, and these are the folks that
should appropriately be called "doom and gloomers." These are the
people who think the world is coming to an end but don't have any
evidence to support that. This is the only group that can
appropriately be called, "Alarmists." To be an alarmist is to
encourage fear that has no basis in reality. Unfortunately, many
people have the definition all wrong: they think that *anybody*
with bad news, even if the news is true, is an alarmist. If that
were true, every news organization in the country should be
called "alarmist" because they report bad news all the time.

PESSIMISTIC INFORMED
This is a growing group: people who *know* about Y2K and think
it's going to be troublesome based on the evidence. Consider the
possibilities: It is conceivable that the banking system could
collapse, the economy could be severely harmed and thousands of
people could die due to Y2K-related failures. These are "radical"
ideas to most people, but they are not out of the realm of
possibility. (Although this worst-case scenario is hopefully not
the most likely one.) But you don't have to believe in the
worst-case scenario to be "pessimistic." You might be short-term
pessimistic and long-term optimistic. In fact, this is the
position of the best-informed Y2K people. They recognize Y2K can
be very disruptive in the short term, but that people who
prepared will emerge in a position where they can move on and
prosper.

OPTIMISTIC INFORMED
This group knows all about Y2K but still thinks it's "no big
deal." This is a very tiny group. In fact, almost all rational
people, after looking at the evidence, agree the short-term
outlook due to Y2K is somewhat pessimistic. To be informed about
Y2K and still think nothing bad will happen is extremely rare.
However, there are plenty of people who are half-way between
"optimistic informed" and "optimistic naive" because they are
*partially* informed. They may have a LITTLE BIT of information
about Y2K, but not enough to be really well-educated on the issue.
Certainly, these are crude categories for describing a complex
thought process, but it's often educational to ask yourself,
"What group am I in?"


HOW BANKS WILL RATION YOUR CASH

In last Friday's alert, we predicted that cash would be rationed
at some point in 1999 or 2000. Most people think this isn't
possible, largely because they think banks have no way to
actually enact cash rationing.
But they do!
ATMs currently have daily cash limits. In order to ration cash,
the process is actually *very* simple:
1) Lower the daily ATM limit to $100 (or whatever daily cash
limit they want)
2) Require *all* cash withdrawals to go through the ATMs
This solves several problems (from the bank's point of view,
anyway). First, it avoids the long lines in the bank lobby -- you
know, the kind of lines that cause people to panic. Instead, the
lines will form outside the ATM machines.
Second, it requires NO NEW PROGRAMMING to accomplish. All it
takes is a lowering of the daily cash limit, which is probably an
easy-to-configure parameter for the banks.
This could easily be accomplished in a matter of days. Perhaps
in 24 hours.
The workaround, of course, would be to move your money to
multiple bank accounts, then you can meet your daily cash limit
at each bank. This automatically leads to one important bit of
advice for Y2K financial survival: diversify. Having your money
in two banks is safer than having it all in one. And if cash
withdrawal restrictions go into place as described above, you'll
have access to twice the cash.
Guess who already thought of that? Russian citizens, of course.
They've been playing the bank games for years. With cash limits
already in place, and the failure of banks a common event, smart
Russian citizens regularly split their (meager) deposits among
multiple banks.

UNITED NATIONS TACKLES Y2K

Why would the United Nations care about Y2K? According to this
USA Today story, "The consequences of unpreparedness in any one
country can rapidly spill over to other parts of the world,''
says Pakistani Ambassador Ahmad Kamal, the conference organizer.
"If the computers of one nation's banking system fail, for
example, they could cut off transactions with global partners and
rupture the worldwide electronic flow of cash."
That's a wake-up call. This is first time -- to our knowledge --
that any government organization has publicly admitted bank
failures can cascade across international borders. Y2KNEWSWIRE
has been claiming this for quite some time, but this is the first
time we've seen it quoted by a major newspaper.
If true, this means the U.S. banking system is in far worse
shape than you might have thought. Why? Because banks in Asia are
*far* behind schedule. Many are certain to fail. If their
failures can spill over to U.S. banks, we're in for a ride.
Another thing, too: because of the likelihood of bank failures
in other countries, bank runs are likely to begin *outside* the
United States. Once that happens, it will only take one CNN
report to encourage Americans to take their cash out, too, hoping
to pre-empt an American bank run.
Remember, people like Koskinen keep telling us America is ahead
of everybody else. But today we're learning that doesn't matter.
Unless the entire world is largely compliant, the United States
is still going to experience major problems.
Stories at:
http://www.usatoday.com/news/world/nwswed08.htm
http://www.news.com/News/Item/0,4,29756,00.html?st.ne.87.head

OMB ADMITS SOME AGENCIES WON'T MAKE IT

A few days ago, the Office of Management and Budget (OMB),
released another quarterly report reviewing the Year 2000 status
of federal agencies. For the first time, the report concluded
that some agencies would not make the March, 1999 deadline.
On the good side -- if you believe the self-reported status of
federal agencies -- 61% of the government's critical systems are
now repaired. But as we've learned time and time again,
self-reported compliance statistics from federal agencies are all
but worthless. Remember the FAA's announcement of being 99%
compliant back on September 30? They're still not finished. We're
guessing that last 1% is a real pain.

Even more important to realize is that an announcement of being
"done!" doesn't mean they really are. It means they're claiming
to have completed one work-through on the systems. As Y2KNEWSWIRE
has reported several times, even private companies using the best
programmers end up with systems that still need significant
remediation efforts -- even though the programmers *thought* they
were finished.

And then there's testing and implementation. That requires a
year for any large-scale software project, meaning that even if
federal agencies make the March, 1999 deadline, they're already
three months behind schedule on the testing and implementation.

WHAT KIND OF CONTINGENCY PLANS EXACTLY?

Even beyond this, the idea that agencies should now make
contingency plans because they already know they won't make the
deadline is seriously suspect. It implies that contingency plans
will somehow replace the need for computers. Unfortunately, this
isn't the case. Having a plan to hand-write 80 million Medicare
checks a month doesn't mean you can pull it off. It just means
you have a worthless "contingency plan." When the Medicare
computers go down, the value of this plan will become obvious.

Remember that only a handful of people on the planet actually
have experience in developing and implementing contingency plans
during computer failures, and those people are primarily working
at the high-paying private sector jobs. Most folks in the
government don't have the experience they need to truly
understand how to operate their offices without computers. This
becomes obvious when you hear suggestions of hand-writing the
checks normally printed by computer. Even if you had the army of
check-writing people ready to roll, how would you access the
database that tells you how much to write and who to mail it to?

Even if you could somehow access the data, and assuming each
person can hand-write 1000 checks a day, you'd need an army of
4000 people hand-writing checks full-time just to cover Medicare.
Multiply this by every state and federal agency that needs to
write checks and you end up with three groups in society: 1/3 of
the people writing the checks, 1/3 receiving the checks, and 1/3
funding the checks through sky-high taxes. A Socialists dream
come true!

Yet this is precisely the "contingency plan" now being dreamed
up by more federal agencies than you'd care to know about. Or
there's another contingency plan angle that sounds just as bad:
we'll simply re-print the checks from December of 1999!
Nobody is suggesting the *real* contingency plan that needs to
be considered: the permanent shutting down of several government
services. Start with the IRS and work your way down the list. We
don't need an IRS to fund the government, we can get along much
better with a simpler tax system (like the flat tax or the
national sales tax). We wonder what contingency plans the IRS
will put in place. If their computers don't work, will they just
randomly generate tax bills and mail them out? Most of us
probably couldn't tell the difference, frankly.

We haven't heard much from the IRS on the Y2K issue, except for
a bizarre announcement a few weeks back claiming they had
finished all their repairs and were beginning testing. (Huh?)
Since then, silence. Ex-IRS programmers generally agree the IRS
computers have a near-zero chance of being compliant on time.
With barely a year remaining, Congress had better start
considering an alternate way to fund the federal government.
ABC News story:
http://www.abcnews.com/sections/tech/CNET/cnet_fedy2k981209.html


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