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Russian Follies


Russians Suspend Strikes Against Chechen "Terrorists"


Maybe the "terrorist"-fighting FBI can help in the slaughter of Grozny.

MOSCOW - Russia announced Friday that it was suspending air strikes and
artillery bombardment on the Chechen capital, Grozny, for an indefinite
period. It said that chlorine released by Chechen rebels posed a hazard for
civilians, who have been trapped in the city by Russian shells and rockets.

The unexpected announcement left many questions unanswered, since the
chlorine releases were made within the last two months and apparently did not
cause the same concern earlier.
The Russians did not say how long the suspension would list, nor address the
question of the civilians. Tens of thousands of civilians are believed
trapped in cold, dark basements. They have been reluctant to leave because of
the dangers from Russia's onslaught, and it is not clear that the bombing
pause will encourage them to leave now.

But the move came as a Russian offensive was stalled on the outskirts of Grozn
y by fierce resistance from the Chechen fighters and by thick fog and bad
weather. The ground fighting around Grozny will continue, the military said.

At the same time, two senior Russian generals on the eastern and western
fronts of the military offensive in Chechnya were replaced Friday.

General Gennadi Troshev, the eastern commander, and General Vladimir
Shamanov, the western chief, are leaving the combat zone, General Troshev
announced.

The Defense Ministry said the rotations were ''not a consequence of any
professional errors in the counterterrorist operation,'' Interfax news agency
reported.

Russia claims that the 100,000-man force in Chechnya is a counterterrorist
operation against Chechen ''bandits'' and ''gangsters.''

There have been unconfirmed reports for more than two weeks, however, that
General Shamanov would be replaced because of a battle in early December in
the Chechen town of Alkhan-Yurt. There, eyewitnesses have said that soldiers
under his command went on a looting rampage and killed civilians who were in
their way. At least 17 and perhaps up to 40 civilians were killed.

However, the two generals were later awarded a Hero of Russia medal by
then-President Boris Yeltsin.

General Troshev said that he and General Shamanov were leaving to give other
generals combat experience. ''The moment has arrived when someone else should
have a go,'' he said, adding that both generals were being replaced by their
deputies.

The Defense Ministry said the General Staff had made the rotation so ''other
commanders can gain combat experience,'' Interfax said.

General Troshev will be replaced by General Sergei Makarov and General
Shamanov by General Alexei Verbitsky. General Troshev will return to his
earlier duties as deputy commander of the North Caucuses Military District,
which includes Chechnya, while General Shamanov will return to his post as
commander of the 58th Army in the same district.

General Shamanov has been a particularly outspoken general. When reports
surfaced in October that the Kremlin might be considering peace talks with
the Chechens, General Shamanov openly warned that he would strip off his
shoulder boards and quit the army and that others would follow him. His
remarks reportedly infuriated the Kremlin.

The announcement of the bombing pause came at a press conference at the
Russian military headquarters in Mozdok by General Troshev. While air strikes
are being suspended, General Troshev said, Russian forces would continue to
fight on the ground.

''We have been forced to suspend military operations all around Grozny for
one single reason,'' he said. ''There are still civilians there who fighters
kept behind deliberately to use as human shields.''

Previously, the Russians have said that the released chlorine was blown away
by winds around the city. General Troshev said that while Russian soldiers
had gas masks, civilians did not, and this led to the decision to suspend the
bombing.

''The area of the city of Grozny was today officially declared a risk zone, a
zone of ecological danger,'' the general said. ''First and foremost this will
affect civilians, children. So that's why the group command decided to
suspend operations. Suspend does not mean discontinue military operations.
Military operations are being conducted around the clock.''

The announcement came just a day after the two generals rejected a call for a
three-day cease-fire by the Chechen president, Aslan Maskhadov.

Russian air strikes on Chechen fighters continued Friday in other areas,
including in the southern mountains. The military said Russian warplanes made
more than 40 combat flights in the last 24-hour-period.
International Herald Tribune, Jan. 8, 2000


The Religion Business


Rabbis Ban the Internet


"More dangerous than television."

ISRAEL'S leading orthodox rabbis have issued a ruling banning the internet
from Jewish homes, arguing that it is "1,000 times more dangerous than
television" and threatens the survival of the country.

The ruling, issued by the Council of Torah Sages, is an attempt by the rabbis
to halt the infiltration of "sin and abomination" from the internet into the
homes of the ultra-orthodox, whose children have hitherto been shielded from
the temptations of the modern world.

The rabbis recalled that they had banned television 30 years ago, and said
that the dangers from the internet were even greater. They said it "puts the
future generations of Israel in grave danger in a way that no other threat
has since Israel became a nation".

The newspaper of Degel Hatorah, one of the strictest of the religious parties
in Israel, said the internet was "the world's leading cause of temptation, it
incites and encourages sin and abomination of the worst kind."

The majority of Israelis, who are secular, will ignore the ruling. But it is
likely to deprive young members of the ultra-orthodox community - those who
wear the black hats and long coats of the European ghetto - of a window on
the secular world. Religious leaders are worried about a growing number of
youths who break out of their closed communities in search of a secular life
- a development that is partly blamed on the arrival of the computer in their
homes, giving them the chance to join discussion groups, hear forbidden music
and read about life outside.

The ruling follows a sharp debate in the ultra-orthodox community about the
role of computers. Some have seen them as a blessing, enabling men and women
to earn money as computer programmers - a skill that many in these strict
communities believe they excel in thanks to years of studying the intricacies
of Jewish religious texts.

But other rabbis have argued that the computer is a Trojan Horse of secular
filth.
The Torah Sages recommended that those who make a living in computers should
be allowed to use them only at the work place. Those who do not have
rabbinical permission to use a computer are called on to delete the web
browser, which makes it impossible to surf the net.
The newspaper Haaretz pointed out that while the most extreme sects banned
all uses of the internet, even for business, as a "deadly poison which burns
souls", there are many web sites designed as aids to studying the Torah.
Rabbi Ovadia Yosef, a former chief rabbi of Israel, has his own website.

Earlier this week, a 17-year-old student from Hertfordshire announced plans
to float his Jewish community web site on the London Stock Exchange. Benjamin
Cohen could become a millionaire with the popular site which includes
business news, a dating agency and a 'cyber rabbi'.
The London Telegraph, Jan. 8, 2000
-----
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Amen.
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