Scientists discover key to invisibility
  By Roger Highfield, Science Editor

   Prof Ashley Welch - University of Texas at Austin

   An Introduction to Skin Cancer

    THE invisible man has come one step closer: scientists believe they

have
  found a way to make flesh transparent for a few minutes at a time.
  By manipulating the way light passes through tissue, a team at the
  University of Texas at Austin has moved into what was once the realm
of
  science fiction. The engineers say they can create a temporary
"window" in
  tissue, allowing doctors to see up to five times deeper than at
present over
  an area of up to one or two square inches.

  Although the technique has not yet been tested on human skin, the
engineers
  believe it could have applications in diagnosis; helping to reveal
the
  extent of skin cancer, for example, and in treatment, by allowing a
laser
  beam to be targeted on underlying tissue.

  By injecting various substances, the team made small areas of rat or
hamster
  skin nearly transparent for 20 minutes or more. Prof Ashley Welch,
the lead
  investigator, said: "We could see a blood vessel which had not been
  visible." Light does not usually penetrate skin because it is
scattered,
  like a torch beam in fog.

  Just as each water droplet in the fog scatters light, so small
components of
  tissue also scatter light. To overcome this, his team used glycerol,
a
  hygroscopic alcohol which pulls water out of tissue. The team has yet

to
  look into the toxicity of the technique, which Prof Welch admitted
was "an
  important question".
   >>
  >>



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