Hi - been 'watching' this thread with interest as the discussion has been
relevant to what we are currently looking at. 

One important consideration (to which we have no idea of a potential
workable solution) is with the use of virtual machine environments. 

We use virtual machines (via VMware) to test the software we develop (ie
different O/S's) AND each development project is undertaken in a
specifically configured VM (this greatly reduces the problems that can occur
when different development environments can clash - eg. Delphi7/Delphi2007).


As a side benefit, backing up the files that comprise the VM provides an
simple backup/restore process that allows a restore to a different physical
computer if the original is unusable without the need to install & configure
a new development/test environment.

Further, we know that quite a number of our clients utilise virtual machine
technology to run the server side of our applications.

It is quite feasible to create a virtual machine, install software
(including licensed software) and then clone/copy this virtual machine.
I checked the Product ID and GUID of a VM and those of a copy of the VM and
they match.

As far as we are aware, there is no way to check the physical hardware (disk
serial number, etc.) from within a VM, the calls just return the 'virtual
machine' assigned values. An added complication is that the underlying
'host' computer O/S does not need to be Windows based !

Can anyone provide guidance as to how one might license a software package
to one machine, either 'virtual' or 'physical'.

One solution that we have seen used in the past is to 'UDP broadcast' a
value (ie. an app/key pair) - if the application detects a 'matching'
broadcast from another source, then a license breach has occurred - however,
this approach has limitations (the two machines need to be on the same UDP
broadcast network, a savvy person could simply block the UDP traffic &
modern Windows include their own firewalls which would probably block the
traffic by default !!)

Brian





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