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https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/LUCENE-6480?page=com.atlassian.jira.plugin.system.issuetabpanels:comment-tabpanel&focusedCommentId=14544116#comment-14544116
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Nicholas Knize commented on LUCENE-6480:
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bq. The maximum error you can get, as I stated before, by using a sphere rather 
than a real earth model is a few meters.

[Here's | 
https://gis.stackexchange.com/questions/25494/how-accurate-is-approximating-the-earth-as-a-sphere/]
 a good discussion and analysis on the maximum error for a geo point using the 
sphere over an earth model. tldr: unit sphere can give upwards of 22km 
depending on the points.

The latest patch over at [LUCENE-6481 | 
https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/LUCENE-6481] adds ecfToLLA and llaToECF 
methods using the WGS84 datum.  This version uses the non-iterative geodetic to 
geodesic conversion so it can give upwards of 5m horizontal error and 3m 
vertical error, but it can be significantly faster than the iterative approach 
depending on the location on the earth.

As a next phase improvement to geo3d it might be interesting to compare 
contrast performance/accuracy using both approaches?

> Extend Simple GeoPointField Type to 3d 
> ---------------------------------------
>
>                 Key: LUCENE-6480
>                 URL: https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/LUCENE-6480
>             Project: Lucene - Core
>          Issue Type: New Feature
>          Components: core/index
>            Reporter: Nicholas Knize
>
> [LUCENE-6450 | https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/LUCENE-6450] proposes a 
> simple GeoPointField type to lucene core. This field uses 64bit encoding of 2 
> dimensional points to construct sorted term representations of GeoPoints 
> (aka: GeoHashing).
> This feature investigates adding support for encoding 3 dimensional 
> GeoPoints, either by extending GeoPointField to a Geo3DPointField or adding 
> an additional 3d constructor.



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