Github user shehzaadn-vd commented on a diff in the pull request:

    https://github.com/apache/phoenix/pull/275#discussion_r144604412
  
    --- Diff: 
phoenix-core/src/main/java/org/apache/phoenix/expression/function/CollationKeyFunction.java
 ---
    @@ -0,0 +1,233 @@
    +package org.apache.phoenix.expression.function;
    +
    +import java.sql.SQLException;
    +import java.text.Collator;
    +import java.util.Arrays;
    +import java.util.List;
    +import java.util.Locale;
    +
    +import org.apache.commons.lang.BooleanUtils;
    +import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
    +import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
    +import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.io.ImmutableBytesWritable;
    +import org.apache.phoenix.expression.Expression;
    +import org.apache.phoenix.parse.FunctionParseNode;
    +import org.apache.phoenix.schema.tuple.Tuple;
    +import org.apache.phoenix.schema.types.PBoolean;
    +import org.apache.phoenix.schema.types.PDataType;
    +import org.apache.phoenix.schema.types.PInteger;
    +import org.apache.phoenix.schema.types.PIntegerArray;
    +import org.apache.phoenix.schema.types.PUnsignedIntArray;
    +import org.apache.phoenix.schema.types.PVarbinary;
    +import org.apache.phoenix.schema.types.PVarchar;
    +import org.apache.phoenix.schema.types.PhoenixArray;
    +
    +import com.force.db.i18n.LinguisticSort;
    +import com.force.i18n.LocaleUtils;
    +
    +import com.ibm.icu.impl.jdkadapter.CollatorICU;
    +import com.ibm.icu.util.ULocale;
    +
    +/**
    + * A Phoenix Function that calculates a collation key for an input string 
based
    + * on a caller-provided locale and collator strength and decomposition 
settings.
    + * 
    + * It uses the open-source grammaticus and i18n packages to obtain the 
collators
    + * it needs.
    + * 
    + * @author snakhoda
    + *
    + */
    [email protected](name = CollationKeyFunction.NAME, args 
= {
    +           // input string
    +           @FunctionParseNode.Argument(allowedTypes = { PVarchar.class }),
    +           // ISO Code for Locale
    +           @FunctionParseNode.Argument(allowedTypes = { PVarchar.class }, 
isConstant = true),
    +           // whether to use special upper case collator
    +           @FunctionParseNode.Argument(allowedTypes = { PBoolean.class }, 
defaultValue = "false", isConstant = true),
    +           // collator strength
    +           @FunctionParseNode.Argument(allowedTypes = { PInteger.class }, 
defaultValue = "null", isConstant = true),
    +           // collator decomposition
    +           @FunctionParseNode.Argument(allowedTypes = { PInteger.class }, 
defaultValue = "null", isConstant = true) })
    +public class CollationKeyFunction extends ScalarFunction {
    +
    +   private static final Log LOG = 
LogFactory.getLog(CollationKeyFunction.class);
    +
    +   public static final String NAME = "COLLKEY";
    +
    +   public CollationKeyFunction() {
    +   }
    +
    +   public CollationKeyFunction(List<Expression> children) throws 
SQLException {
    +           super(children);
    +   }
    +
    +   @Override
    +   public boolean evaluate(Tuple tuple, ImmutableBytesWritable ptr) {
    +           try {
    +                   String inputValue = getInputValue(tuple, ptr);
    +                   String localeISOCode = getLocaleISOCode(tuple, ptr);
    +                   Boolean useSpecialUpperCaseCollator = 
getUseSpecialUpperCaseCollator(tuple, ptr);
    +                   Integer collatorStrength = getCollatorStrength(tuple, 
ptr);
    +                   Integer collatorDecomposition = 
getCollatorDecomposition(tuple, ptr);
    +
    +                   Locale locale = 
LocaleUtils.get().getLocaleByIsoCode(localeISOCode);
    +                   
    +                   if(LOG.isDebugEnabled()) {
    +                           LOG.debug(String.format("Locale: " + 
locale.toLanguageTag()));
    +                   }
    +                   
    +                   LinguisticSort linguisticSort = 
LinguisticSort.get(locale);
    +
    +                   Collator collator = 
BooleanUtils.isTrue(useSpecialUpperCaseCollator)
    +                                   ? 
linguisticSort.getUpperCaseCollator(false) : linguisticSort.getCollator();
    +
    +                   if (collatorStrength != null) {
    +                           collator.setStrength(collatorStrength);
    +                   }
    +
    +                   if (collatorDecomposition != null) {
    +                           
collator.setDecomposition(collatorDecomposition);
    +                   }
    +
    +                   if(LOG.isDebugEnabled()) {
    +                           LOG.debug(String.format("Collator: [strength: 
%d, decomposition: %d], Special-Upper-Case: %s",
    +                                   collator.getStrength(), 
collator.getDecomposition(), BooleanUtils.isTrue(useSpecialUpperCaseCollator)));
    +                   }
    +                   
    +                   byte[] collationKeyByteArray = 
collator.getCollationKey(inputValue).toByteArray();
    +
    +                   if(LOG.isDebugEnabled()) {
    +                           LOG.debug("Collation key bytes:" + 
Arrays.toString(collationKeyByteArray));
    +                   }
    +                   
    +                   // byte is signed in Java, but we need unsigned values 
for comparison
    +                   // 
https://www.programcreek.com/java-api-examples/index.php?api=java.text.CollationKey
    +                   // Byte.toUnsignedInt will convert a byte value between 
[-128,127] to an int value
    +                   // between [0,255]
    --- End diff --
    
    Yes, I'm working on the tests you mentioned and your bulleted list is the 
sequence I had in mind.
    
    My comment above was trying to explain that without the conversion of the 
collator key byte array to an array of unsigned integers the ORDER BY does not 
work as expected. My comment on Phoenix behaviour was speculative, without 
having looked inside. Introducing conversion to unsigned resulted in the 
behaviour we need. 


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