Thanks, Jim. It is in the ARRL Antenna Compendium, Vol. 6, starting on page 
174. It is an interesting article. The central plot in Figure 1 shoes some very 
interesting data about the S21 measurements. Indeed it shows a very large 
increase in attenuation, but it also shows a change in frequency for the 
coefficient. It is this change that has grabbed my attention. If this is a real 
frequency shift, then indeed the impedance characteristics, more than just 
resistance, must have changed. Unfortunately Wes does not go into detail about 
this shift, which means more research is needed.

I also wonder, at a lower level, if the entire change due to water were just 
attenuation, then we would have more loss, but retuning should not be needed - 
the tuner is providing the L and C needed for the conjugate match, and even 
with more R, shouldn’t the L and C remain the same? If indeed the shift that is 
indicated in the N7WS figure for frequency is real, then I would expect a 
likewise retune would be needed to regain the conjugate match, which is the 
main push for this discussion. And yes, I realize that R is an important part 
of a conjugate match.

So, what am I missing?  I have a funny feeling I will be making VNA 
measurements for rain and dry conditions in my antenna sometime soon. And we 
are now transitioning from a very wet stretch to a dry stretch...

By the way, Vol 6 has a copyright date of 1999, which is 26 years ago. Pretty 
close to the 30 years Jim guesstimated. Still pretty sharp, my friend! Thanks 
for the pointer!

73,
Jack, W6FB


> On Jul 19, 2025, at 10:24 PM, Jim Brown via Elecraft 
> <[email protected]> wrote:
> 
> On 7/19/2025 7:29 PM, Jack Brindle via Elecraft wrote:
>> Sorry, but I have to ask this. If indeed this is the case, why does it not 
>> apply to open wire, where water has no effect on the line and thus there is 
>> no need to retune?
> 
> At least 30 years ago, one of the ARRL Antenna Compendiums published 
> excellent lab work  by Wes Stewat, N7WS, showing that the attenuation of 
> window line increased significantly when it was wet.
> 
> 73, Jim K9YC
> 
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