Often, programs that are supposed to be linked together become separate files during the process that produces the install image. I believe that fgrep, egrep, and grep have been the same program for a while now (i.e., a decade or so).

For me, both 10.1.5 and 10.2.2 both show this behavior (separate programs, link-count==1).

Regards,

Justin

On Thursday, December 19, 2002, at 05:33 PM, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:


... egrep can be used in place of grep. On many systems, grep is
just a symbolic link to egrep ...
I've worked on a lot of Unix and Unix-alike systems, and can't
remember grep being a symbolic link to egrep.  Often, grep, egrep,
and fgrep are all hard links to the same executable; the program
checks argv[0] and acts accordingly.

... On 10.2.2, /usr/bin/grep seems to be a hard link to
/usr/bin/grep, BTW.
Something is wrong with the above sentence.

Here's what I get from my 10.1.5 system:

$ ll -i /*/bin/*grep
1192004 -rwxr-xr-x 3 root admin 1582 Apr 1 2002 /sw/bin/bzegrep
1192004 -rwxr-xr-x 3 root admin 1582 Apr 1 2002 /sw/bin/bzfgrep
1192004 -rwxr-xr-x 3 root admin 1582 Apr 1 2002 /sw/bin/bzgrep
195214 -rwxr-xr-x 1 root admin 262620 Dec 6 2001 /sw/bin/egrep
195215 -rwxr-xr-x 1 root admin 262620 Dec 6 2001 /sw/bin/fgrep
195216 -rwxr-xr-x 1 root admin 262620 Dec 6 2001 /sw/bin/grep
1642371 -rwxr-xr-x 1 root admin 34116 May 13 2002 /sw/bin/pcregrep
1207186 -rwxr-xr-x 1 root admin 1332 Apr 3 2002 /sw/bin/zgrep
2350644 -rwxr-xr-x 1 root wheel 105548 Aug 3 10:30 /usr/bin/egrep
2350376 -rwxr-xr-x 1 root wheel 105548 Aug 3 10:30 /usr/bin/fgrep
2350675 -rwxr-xr-x 1 root wheel 105548 Aug 3 10:30 /usr/bin/grep
2350925 -r-xr-xr-x 1 root wheel 14640 Aug 3 10:30 /usr/bin/nigrep
73728 -rwxr-xr-x 1 root wheel 1371 Sep 2 2001 /usr/bin/zgrep

I'm surprised that /sw/bin/*grep and /usr/bin/*grep are two sets
of three copies of files; I would have expected them to look more
like /sw/bin/bz*grep (which is a very good example of a program
checking argv[0] (or $0, since this program happens to be a shell
program) and acting accordingly).

By the way, I'm not sure why "DISPLAY=:0" is preferred over
"export DISPLAY=$HOSTNAME:0" (or "sentenv DISPLAY $HOSTNAME:0"
in (t)csh) ...
In my experience, the contents of .*shrc are highly system- and
network-architecture- specific (IOW: it depends).  None is
"preferred," except in a specific network environment.  On a
single user system with local file systems and its own private X
server, i.e. Mac OS X, either form should work equally well.  In
systems and networks with multiple heterogeneous computers, NFS
mounted home directories, and separate X terminals/servers,
though, all bets are off.  Your local sys admin is your friend.

... I still don't really understand how X works ever after
trying to make friends with it. Could somebody here explain why?
I'm a hacker, not a sociologist.  ;-)

That said, I remember drowning in the X documentation until I
started using different sorts of systems and trying to adapt my
shell startup file(s) to those systems.

HTH,
Dan

--
<mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
<http://www.tombstonezero.net/dan>
An omer is a tenth of an ephah. -- Exodus 16:36.



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Institute for General Semantics        |   If you're not confused,
                                       |   You're not paying attention
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