On Thursday, December 19, 2002, at 11:35 , Ettore Aldrovandi wrote:
On Thu, Dec 19, 2002 at 09:46:10PM -0500, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
No. Note the first column (the inode number) and the column
between the permissions and the files' owner (the number of hard
links to the file). Ettore Aldrovandi explained them in his
mail.
Unfortunately, /usr/bin/[ef]?grep is the same file three times,
taking up three times as much space as should be necessary. This
Yes, this is indeed puzzling. /usr/bin/grep /usr/bin/[ef]grep are
certainly different files. diff reports them as different, but I
don't know how trustworthy diff is on binary files.
Yikes! I saw that they were all the same size and *assumed* (my
mistake) that they were all the same file. And while diff may
or may not be reliable on binary files (in my old school way of
thinking about Unix, it *isn't*), md5sum strongly indicates that
the grep family aren't just copies of each other either:
$ md5sum /usr/bin/*grep
403afaeed87b84b0f7551038ef18ca7b /usr/bin/egrep
b887fe13e8fd2849928558ed3b4abde0 /usr/bin/fgrep
43d2cd6ef1702ed58f525c3e4f550f00 /usr/bin/grep
(Irrelevant results for nigrep and zgrep omitted.)
Very bizarre indeed.
is probably a concession to HFS+ and/or Apple's package management
tools. I'm not exactly sure how Apple implements Unix links
(hard or symbolic) on HFS+.
It seems hard links behave the way you expect:
ubik:/tmp/501/Temporary Items> touch filea
ubik:/tmp/501/Temporary Items> echo Booo > filea
ubik:/tmp/501/Temporary Items> ln filea fileb
ubik:/tmp/501/Temporary Items> ls -li file[ab]
1117037 -rw-r--r-- 2 ettore wheel 5 Dec 19 23:17 filea
1117037 -rw-r--r-- 2 ettore wheel 5 Dec 19 23:17 fileb
ubik:/tmp/501/Temporary Items> cat fileb
Booo
ubik:/tmp/501/Temporary Items> rm filea
ubik:/tmp/501/Temporary Items> ls -li fileb
1117037 -rw-r--r-- 1 ettore wheel 5 Dec 19 23:17 fileb
ubik:/tmp/501/Temporary Items> cat fileb
Booo
Yes, the links *behave* as I expect, but I'm not sure how Apple
added them to HFS+ after the fact. When I was deep into it, I
was fairly familiar with how UFS *implemented* all those things;
UFS was designed for hard links all along.
I'm sure I could track it down, but the older I get, the less
interesting these sorts of details seem to be. These days, I'd
much rather design and implement a good fault-tolerant device
management infrastructure than a silly old file system. OTOH,
such a task would detract seriously from my homework and family
time. ;-)
Regards,
Dan
--
<mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
<http://www.tombstonezero.net/dan>
An omer is a tenth of an ephah. -- Exodus 16:36.
-------------------------------------------------------
This SF.NET email is sponsored by: The Best Geek Holiday Gifts!
Time is running out! Thinkgeek.com has the coolest gifts for
your favorite geek. Let your fingers do the typing. Visit Now.
T H I N K G E E K . C O M http://www.thinkgeek.com/sf/
_______________________________________________
Fink-users mailing list
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
https://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/fink-users
