Scientists tend to go to places where academic freedom exists. For example when 
the Nazis came to power in Germany scientists abandoned prestigious 
universities like the one in Göttingen which was famous for Mathematics and 
Quantum Mechanics. Oppenheimer and Dirac studied there. Wikipedia says"Most of 
them fled Nazi Germany for places like the United States, Canada, and the 
United Kingdom. Following the great purge, in 1934 David Hilbert, by then a 
symbol of German mathematics, was dining with Bernhard Rust, the Nazi minister 
of education. Rust asked, "How is mathematics at Göttingen, now that it is free 
from the Jewish influence?" Hilbert replied, "There is no mathematics in 
Göttingen anymore"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_G%C3%B6ttingen-J.
-------- Original message --------From: Nicholas Thompson 
<[email protected]> Date: 4/21/25  7:32 PM  (GMT+01:00) To: The Friday 
Morning Applied Complexity Coffee Group <[email protected]> Subject: [FRIAM] 
Academic Freedom 

What has happened in my lifetime is that much that I once took to be inarguable 
 has now become arguable, including the plain meaning of the constitution and 
Academic Freedom.  Academic Freedom is a relatively new idea , dating back to 
the early 19th century German universities, or the foundation of the AAUP in 
the early 20th Century, or perhaps to the sixties.  In the late 19th Century, 
university presidents were still hiring and firing faculty members at will, 
indeed, trading faculties back and forth like baseball teams. I love the Yeats 
quote and grateful to have it put before us, but it depends for its force on 
our agreeing what the center is. At twenty, I thought that history was a 
ratchet and "progress" irreversible. (Why would anybody want to go back?)  But 
the center of the sixties is the center no more.  And if ideas like "no person 
is above the law" and "people in Universities should be free to teach what 
their reason tells them is true" are to become the center again, it will 
because hard work makes it so.  It is not for nothing that university curricula 
are called the Liberal Arts.  The Liberal Arts are an ideological position that 
many Americans have come to detest.  If they detest "us", it is because of our 
assumption that the position we hold IS the center.  There are lots of people 
who believe that a form of government which cannot give them Christian 
Nationalism, rigorously defined sex roles, and white, male,  privilege is not a 
form of government they want to live under. The center is creeping in their 
direction.  Is this the center we want to hold? 

nick-- Nicholas S. ThompsonEmeritus Professor of Psychology and EthologyClark 
[email protected]https://wordpress.clarku.edu/nthompson


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