Hi Kevin,
I did my Phd thesis on this topic. You can find more information there:
http://e-collection.library.ethz.ch/view/eth:1059
or under www.bio-sng.com and www.biosng.com, http://www.biofuelstp.eu/bio-sng.html and on other pages.
In a nut shell the process consits of:
1) low temperature steam gasification
2) gas cleaning (ash, tar, H2S, ...)
3) methanation = conversion of the syngas into methan (catalytic process, mostly Nickelcatalyst)
CO + 3 H2 --> CH4 + H2O
CO + H2O --> H2 + CO2
If you use a different catalyst you can go for higher hydrocarbon such as Fischer Tropsch Diesel, or Methanol, ....
4) Fuel upgrading = removal of H2O, CO2
We at the Paul Scherrer Institute in Switzerland (http://tpe.web.psi.ch/) investigated this process from wood to BioSNG in two scales for more than 1000h.
Regards
Jan
-
Dr. sc. Jan Kopyscinski
Postdoctoral fellow
Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering
Schulich School of Engineering
University of Calgary
2500 University Drive NW
Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 1N4
Email: [email protected]
Phone: 001 403 2109575
Von: Kevin <[email protected]>
Gesendet: May 31, 2011 5:02:24 PM
An: "Discussion of biomass pyrolysis and gasification" <[email protected]>
Betreff: Re: [Gasification] back to gasification
Dear Jan Very interesting!! What steam temperature and pressure is required to gasify wood? Once one has such gas, what sort processing is required to convert it to CH4? (That is, what temperatures, pressures, catalysts, etc) Is there any way this can be done on a small scale? Is there any way this process can be modified to produce methanol on a small scale? If so, this would be awesome... it would then yield a very portable liquid fuel. Thanks! Kevin ----- Original Message ----- Sent: Tuesday, May 31, 2011 11:30 AM Subject: Re: [Gasification] back to gasification
Hi,
First of all, there are at least two different types of biofuel:
First Generation: agricultural feedstock, which is converted by means of biochemical processes (i.e., digestion) --> Biogas
Second Generation: woody biomass that is converted via thermochemical converiosn into a producer or so-calles syngas (Gasification).
Thus, if your goal is to produce Methan or Natural Gas substite for a gas engine or transportation fuel you have different options. But you need to know what is your feedstock (dry , wet, digestable or not digestable such as wood):
If you have a rather dry feedstock you can go for steam gasifiaction (no air, means no Nitrogen). The produced syngas you can catalytilcally convert to CH4, CO2 and H2O. Prior to the methanation process you need to remove the sulphur since it is deactivating your catalyts. H2O and CO2 can then be removed. This process has been investiaget by the Paul Scherrer Institiute in Switzerland (www.psi.ch and www.bio-sng.com).
Removal of nitrogen is too expensive, thus you should avoid feeding it into your process. 2 vol% to max 5vol% N2 in the methan rich gas is acceptable.
Regards,
Jan
Von: "Pannirselvam P.V" <[email protected]>
Gesendet: May 31, 2011 12:46:54 PM
An: "Discussion of biomass pyrolysis and gasification" <[email protected]>
Betreff: Re: [Gasification] back to gasification
Dear A.D Karve One of the project we have been studying is based on the IGT,Instuite Gas technology patented process called Biotherm , in which the wood gas or syngqs can be passed into the biodigestor, in which CO and Hydrogen can be converted into methane ; the NOX .COX, SOX removed via simple known wet or dry process using activated charcoal and lime ; the methane is then compressed.The N can be removed as ammonia,as this can be very toxic to bio methane bacteria; Syngas obtained via pyrogas can reduce this N2 problem and complexity.Thus pyrogas technology has more potential than wood gas technology we are studying how to make this complex process into simple innovative process to make possible charcoal and methane economy which is practiced in the developed country in big scale can be made possible in developing village level technology too in small scale ,The project is yet in design stage to reduce CO2 to use as liquid fertilizer too increasing the calorific valued the compressed biogas. Yours truely Pannirselvam On Mon, May 30, 2011 at 11:01 PM, Anand Karve <[email protected]> wrote: Dear List,
We are already using, in India, wood gas made from agricultural waste
to run stationary internal combustion engines. But, for using it as
automobile fuel, it would have to be filled into cylinders, for which
the nitrogen in the wood gas would have to be removed in order to
reduce its bulk and to increase its calorfiic value. Does anybody have
a suggestion as to how this can be achieved?
Yours
A.D.Karve
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