Hi,

The image at https://proj.org/en/stable/operations/projections/ortho.html and note "Defined area: Global, although only one hemisphere can be seen at a time" should answer your question

Even

Le 20/01/2025 à 22:45, afernandez via gdal-dev a écrit :
Hello,
While transforming point coordinates from lat/lon to a specified projection, I keep running into errors while trying to use some projections. The line generating the error reads:
        transform = osr.CoordinateTransformation(srs_in, srs_out)
For example, when defining  "+proj=webmerc +datum=WGS84" srs_out reads:
PROJCS["unknown",
    GEOGCS["unknown",
        DATUM["WGS_1984",
            SPHEROID["WGS 84",6378137,298.257223563,
                AUTHORITY["EPSG","7030"]],
            AUTHORITY["EPSG","6326"]],
        PRIMEM["Greenwich",0,
            AUTHORITY["EPSG","8901"]],
        UNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433,
            AUTHORITY["EPSG","9122"]]],
    PROJECTION["Mercator_1SP"],
    PARAMETER["central_meridian",0],
    PARAMETER["scale_factor",1],
    PARAMETER["false_easting",0],
    PARAMETER["false_northing",0],
    UNIT["metre",1,
        AUTHORITY["EPSG","9001"]],
    AXIS["Easting",EAST],
    AXIS["Northing",NORTH],
    EXTENSION["PROJ4","+proj=merc +a=6378137 +b=6378137 +lat_ts=0 +lon_0=0 +x_0=0 +y_0=0 +k=1 +units=m +nadgrids=@null +wktext +no_defs"]]. The completes the transformation and yields good results. However, defining the projection as "+proj=ortho +lon_0=-75.0 +ellps=WGS84 +datum=WGS84" yields srs_out equal to
PROJCS["unknown",
    GEOGCS["unknown",
        DATUM["WGS_1984",
            SPHEROID["WGS 84",6378137,298.257223563,
                AUTHORITY["EPSG","7030"]],
            AUTHORITY["EPSG","6326"]],
        PRIMEM["Greenwich",0,
            AUTHORITY["EPSG","8901"]],
        UNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433,
            AUTHORITY["EPSG","9122"]]],
    PROJECTION["Orthographic"],
    PARAMETER["latitude_of_origin",0],
    PARAMETER["central_meridian",-75],
    PARAMETER["false_easting",0],
    PARAMETER["false_northing",0],
    UNIT["metre",1,
        AUTHORITY["EPSG","9001"]],
    AXIS["Easting",EAST],
    AXIS["Northing",NORTH]]
but the code generates the following error:
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/osgeo/ogr.py", line 7400, in Transform
    return _ogr.Geometry_Transform(self, *args)
RuntimeError: Point outside of projection domain
I've tried many other definitions of the projection (e.g. "+proj=ortho +lon_0=-75.0 +R=6371229.0") but with the same error. I really don't know if I'm doing something wrong or if this is a bug and I should create a Github ticket. Thanks.


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