git-am applies a series of patches. If the process terminates
abnormally, we want to be able to resume applying the series of patches.
This requires the session state to be saved in a persistent location.

Implement the mechanism of a "patch queue", represented by 2 integers --
the index of the current patch we are applying and the index of the last
patch, as well as its lifecycle through the following functions:

* am_setup(), which will set up the state directory
  $GIT_DIR/rebase-apply. As such, even if the process exits abnormally,
  the last-known state will still persist.

* am_load(), which is called if there is an am session in
  progress, to load the last known state from the state directory so we
  can resume applying patches.

* am_run(), which will do the actual patch application. After applying a
  patch, it calls am_next() to increment the current patch index. The
  logic for applying and committing a patch is not implemented yet.

* am_destroy(), which is finally called when we successfully applied all
  the patches in the queue, to clean up by removing the state directory
  and its contents.

Signed-off-by: Paul Tan <pyoka...@gmail.com>
---
 builtin/am.c | 168 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 168 insertions(+)

diff --git a/builtin/am.c b/builtin/am.c
index dbc8836..af68c51 100644
--- a/builtin/am.c
+++ b/builtin/am.c
@@ -6,6 +6,158 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "exec_cmd.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
+#include "dir.h"
+
+struct am_state {
+       /* state directory path */
+       struct strbuf dir;
+
+       /* current and last patch numbers, 1-indexed */
+       int cur;
+       int last;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Initializes am_state with the default values.
+ */
+static void am_state_init(struct am_state *state)
+{
+       memset(state, 0, sizeof(*state));
+
+       strbuf_init(&state->dir, 0);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Release memory allocated by an am_state.
+ */
+static void am_state_release(struct am_state *state)
+{
+       strbuf_release(&state->dir);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Returns path relative to the am_state directory.
+ */
+static inline const char *am_path(const struct am_state *state, const char 
*path)
+{
+       return mkpath("%s/%s", state->dir.buf, path);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Returns 1 if there is an am session in progress, 0 otherwise.
+ */
+static int am_in_progress(const struct am_state *state)
+{
+       struct stat st;
+
+       if (lstat(state->dir.buf, &st) < 0 || !S_ISDIR(st.st_mode))
+               return 0;
+       if (lstat(am_path(state, "last"), &st) || !S_ISREG(st.st_mode))
+               return 0;
+       if (lstat(am_path(state, "next"), &st) || !S_ISREG(st.st_mode))
+               return 0;
+       return 1;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Reads the contents of `file`. The third argument can be used to give a hint
+ * about the file size, to avoid reallocs. Returns number of bytes read on
+ * success, -1 if the file does not exist. If trim is set, trailing whitespace
+ * will be removed from the file contents.
+ */
+static int read_state_file(struct strbuf *sb, const char *file, size_t hint, 
int trim)
+{
+       strbuf_reset(sb);
+       if (strbuf_read_file(sb, file, hint) >= 0) {
+               if (trim)
+                       strbuf_trim(sb);
+
+               return sb->len;
+       }
+
+       if (errno == ENOENT)
+               return -1;
+
+       die_errno(_("could not read '%s'"), file);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Loads state from disk.
+ */
+static void am_load(struct am_state *state)
+{
+       struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+       read_state_file(&sb, am_path(state, "next"), 8, 1);
+       state->cur = strtol(sb.buf, NULL, 10);
+
+       read_state_file(&sb, am_path(state, "last"), 8, 1);
+       state->last = strtol(sb.buf, NULL, 10);
+
+       strbuf_release(&sb);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Remove the am_state directory.
+ */
+static void am_destroy(const struct am_state *state)
+{
+       struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+       strbuf_addstr(&sb, state->dir.buf);
+       remove_dir_recursively(&sb, 0);
+       strbuf_release(&sb);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Setup a new am session for applying patches
+ */
+static void am_setup(struct am_state *state)
+{
+       if (mkdir(state->dir.buf, 0777) < 0 && errno != EEXIST)
+               die_errno(_("failed to create directory '%s'"), state->dir.buf);
+
+       write_file(am_path(state, "next"), 1, "%d", state->cur);
+
+       write_file(am_path(state, "last"), 1, "%d", state->last);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Increments the patch pointer, and cleans am_state for the application of the
+ * next patch.
+ */
+static void am_next(struct am_state *state)
+{
+       state->cur++;
+       write_file(am_path(state, "next"), 1, "%d", state->cur);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Applies all queued patches.
+ */
+static void am_run(struct am_state *state)
+{
+       while (state->cur <= state->last) {
+
+               /* TODO: Patch application not implemented yet */
+
+               am_next(state);
+       }
+
+       am_destroy(state);
+}
+
+static struct am_state state;
+
+static const char * const am_usage[] = {
+       N_("git am [options] [(<mbox>|<Maildir>)...]"),
+       NULL
+};
+
+static struct option am_options[] = {
+       OPT_END()
+};
 
 int cmd_am(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
@@ -24,5 +176,21 @@ int cmd_am(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
                setup_work_tree();
        }
 
+       git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
+
+       am_state_init(&state);
+       strbuf_addstr(&state.dir, git_path("rebase-apply"));
+
+       argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, am_options, am_usage, 0);
+
+       if (am_in_progress(&state))
+               am_load(&state);
+       else
+               am_setup(&state);
+
+       am_run(&state);
+
+       am_state_release(&state);
+
        return 0;
 }
-- 
2.1.4

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