pitrou commented on code in PR #14106:
URL: https://github.com/apache/arrow/pull/14106#discussion_r974401297


##########
cpp/src/arrow/compute/kernels/scalar_cast_extension.cc:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+// Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+// distributed with this work for additional information
+// regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+// software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+// specific language governing permissions and limitations
+// under the License.
+
+// Implementation of casting to extension types
+#include "arrow/compute/kernels/common.h"
+#include "arrow/compute/kernels/scalar_cast_internal.h"
+#include "arrow/scalar.h"
+
+namespace arrow {
+namespace compute {
+namespace internal {
+
+Status CastToExtension(KernelContext* ctx, const ExecSpan& batch, ExecResult* 
out) {
+  const CastOptions& options = checked_cast<const 
CastState*>(ctx->state())->options;
+  auto out_ty = static_cast<const 
ExtensionType&>(*options.to_type.type).storage_type();
+  
+  DCHECK(batch[0].is_array());
+  std::shared_ptr<Array> array = batch[0].array.ToArray();
+  std::shared_ptr<Array> result;
+  
+  RETURN_NOT_OK(Cast(*array, out_ty, options,
+                     ctx->exec_context())
+                    .Value(&result));
+  ExtensionArray extension(options.to_type.GetSharedPtr(), result);
+  out->value = std::move(extension.data());
+  return Status::OK();
+}
+
+std::shared_ptr<CastFunction> GetCastToExtension(std::string name) {
+  auto func = std::make_shared<CastFunction>(std::move(name), Type::EXTENSION);
+  // TODO(milesgranger): Better way to add all types? `AllTypeIds` exists in 
tests...

Review Comment:
   Instead of passing an explicit type or type id, you should probably instead 
define a `TypeMatcher` that allows non-extension types. You can find some 
examples below: 
https://github.com/apache/arrow/blob/master/cpp/src/arrow/compute/kernel.cc#L82
   



##########
cpp/src/arrow/compute/kernels/scalar_cast_extension.cc:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+// Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+// distributed with this work for additional information
+// regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+// software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+// specific language governing permissions and limitations
+// under the License.
+
+// Implementation of casting to extension types
+#include "arrow/compute/kernels/common.h"
+#include "arrow/compute/kernels/scalar_cast_internal.h"
+#include "arrow/scalar.h"
+
+namespace arrow {
+namespace compute {
+namespace internal {
+
+Status CastToExtension(KernelContext* ctx, const ExecSpan& batch, ExecResult* 
out) {
+  const CastOptions& options = checked_cast<const 
CastState*>(ctx->state())->options;
+  auto out_ty = static_cast<const 
ExtensionType&>(*options.to_type.type).storage_type();
+  
+  DCHECK(batch[0].is_array());
+  std::shared_ptr<Array> array = batch[0].array.ToArray();
+  std::shared_ptr<Array> result;
+  
+  RETURN_NOT_OK(Cast(*array, out_ty, options,
+                     ctx->exec_context())
+                    .Value(&result));
+  ExtensionArray extension(options.to_type.GetSharedPtr(), result);
+  out->value = std::move(extension.data());
+  return Status::OK();
+}
+
+std::shared_ptr<CastFunction> GetCastToExtension(std::string name) {
+  auto func = std::make_shared<CastFunction>(std::move(name), Type::EXTENSION);
+  // TODO(milesgranger): Better way to add all types? `AllTypeIds` exists in 
tests...
+  for (auto types : {IntTypes(), FloatingPointTypes(), StringTypes(), 
BinaryTypes()}) {
+    for (auto in_ty : types) {
+        DCHECK_OK(func->AddKernel(in_ty->id(), {in_ty}, 
+                                  kOutputTargetType, CastToExtension));
+    }
+  }
+  DCHECK_OK(func->AddKernel(Type::DICTIONARY, {InputType(Type::DICTIONARY)},
+                            kOutputTargetType, CastToExtension));
+  return func;
+}
+
+std::vector<std::shared_ptr<CastFunction>> GetExtensionCasts() {

Review Comment:
   Everything except this function should probably be in the "anonymous 
namespace" (`namespace {`).
   The anonymous namespace makes everything inside it (including classes, 
methods, etc.) static, therefore not exposed globally by the linker.



##########
cpp/src/arrow/compute/kernels/scalar_cast_test.cc:
##########
@@ -2765,6 +2765,26 @@ TEST(Cast, ExtensionTypeToIntDowncast) {
   }
 }
 
+TEST(Cast, PrimitiveToExtension) {
+  auto primitive_array = ArrayFromJSON(uint8(), "[0, 1, 3]");
+  auto extension_array = SmallintArrayFromJSON("[0, 1, 3]");
+  CastOptions options;
+  options.to_type = smallint();
+  CheckCast(primitive_array, extension_array, options);
+}

Review Comment:
   Also add a test similar to `ExtensionTypeToIntDowncast`, but downcasting 
from primitive to extension?
   (to check forwarding of cast options)



##########
cpp/src/arrow/compute/kernels/scalar_cast_internal.h:
##########
@@ -43,6 +43,7 @@ struct CastFunctor<
 };
 
 Status CastFromExtension(KernelContext* ctx, const ExecSpan& batch, 
ExecResult* out);
+Status CastToExtension(KernelContext* ctx, const ExecSpan& batch, ExecResult* 
out);

Review Comment:
   I'm not sure it's useful to expose this function as it's not called directly 
anywhere.



##########
cpp/src/arrow/compute/kernels/scalar_cast_test.cc:
##########
@@ -2765,6 +2765,26 @@ TEST(Cast, ExtensionTypeToIntDowncast) {
   }
 }
 
+TEST(Cast, PrimitiveToExtension) {
+  auto primitive_array = ArrayFromJSON(uint8(), "[0, 1, 3]");
+  auto extension_array = SmallintArrayFromJSON("[0, 1, 3]");
+  CastOptions options;
+  options.to_type = smallint();
+  CheckCast(primitive_array, extension_array, options);
+}
+
+TEST(Cast, DictTypeToExtension) {
+  auto extension_array = SmallintArrayFromJSON("[1, 2, 1]");
+  auto indices_array = ArrayFromJSON(int32(), "[0, 1, 0]");
+
+  ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(auto dict_array,
+                       DictionaryArray::FromArrays(indices_array, 
extension_array));
+
+  CastOptions options;
+  options.to_type = smallint();
+  CheckCast(dict_array, extension_array, options);
+}
+

Review Comment:
   Should probably add a test of failed casts? For example an extension to 
another extension, and a case where it's impossible to cast from the source to 
the extension's storage type.



##########
cpp/src/arrow/compute/kernels/scalar_cast_test.cc:
##########
@@ -2765,6 +2765,26 @@ TEST(Cast, ExtensionTypeToIntDowncast) {
   }
 }
 
+TEST(Cast, PrimitiveToExtension) {
+  auto primitive_array = ArrayFromJSON(uint8(), "[0, 1, 3]");
+  auto extension_array = SmallintArrayFromJSON("[0, 1, 3]");
+  CastOptions options;
+  options.to_type = smallint();
+  CheckCast(primitive_array, extension_array, options);
+}
+
+TEST(Cast, DictTypeToExtension) {

Review Comment:
   ```suggestion
   TEST(Cast, ExtensionDictToExtension) {
   ```



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