lidavidm commented on a change in pull request #12368:
URL: https://github.com/apache/arrow/pull/12368#discussion_r808501334



##########
File path: cpp/src/arrow/compute/kernels/hash_aggregate_test.cc
##########
@@ -2460,6 +2461,294 @@ TEST(GroupBy, Distinct) {
   }
 }
 
+TEST(GroupBy, OneMiscTypes) {
+  auto in_schema = schema({
+      field("floats", float64()),
+      field("nulls", null()),
+      field("booleans", boolean()),
+      field("decimal128", decimal128(3, 2)),
+      field("decimal256", decimal256(3, 2)),
+      field("fixed_binary", fixed_size_binary(3)),
+      field("key", int64()),
+  });
+  for (bool use_exec_plan : {true, false}) {
+    for (bool use_threads : {true, false}) {
+      SCOPED_TRACE(use_threads ? "parallel/merged" : "serial");
+
+      auto table = TableFromJSON(in_schema, {R"([
+    [null, null, true,   null,    null,    null,  1],
+    [1.0,  null, true,   "1.01",  "1.01",  "aaa", 1]
+])",
+                                             R"([
+    [0.0,   null, false, "0.00",  "0.00",  "bac", 2],
+    [null,  null, false, null,    null,    null,  3],
+    [4.0,   null, null,  "4.01",  "4.01",  "234", null],
+    [3.25,  null, true,  "3.25",  "3.25",  "ddd", 1],
+    [0.125, null, false, "0.12",  "0.12",  "bcd", 2]
+])",
+                                             R"([
+    [-0.25, null, false, "-0.25", "-0.25", "bab", 2],
+    [0.75,  null, true,  "0.75",  "0.75",  "123", null],
+    [null,  null, true,  null,    null,    null,  3]
+])"});
+
+      ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(Datum aggregated_and_grouped,
+                           GroupByTest(
+                               {
+                                   table->GetColumnByName("floats"),
+                                   table->GetColumnByName("nulls"),
+                                   table->GetColumnByName("booleans"),
+                                   table->GetColumnByName("decimal128"),
+                                   table->GetColumnByName("decimal256"),
+                                   table->GetColumnByName("fixed_binary"),
+                               },
+                               {table->GetColumnByName("key")},
+                               {
+                                   {"hash_one", nullptr},
+                                   {"hash_one", nullptr},
+                                   {"hash_one", nullptr},
+                                   {"hash_one", nullptr},
+                                   {"hash_one", nullptr},
+                                   {"hash_one", nullptr},
+                               },
+                               use_threads, use_exec_plan));
+      ValidateOutput(aggregated_and_grouped);
+      SortBy({"key_0"}, &aggregated_and_grouped);
+
+      const auto& struct_arr = aggregated_and_grouped.array_as<StructArray>();
+      //  Check the key column
+      AssertDatumsEqual(ArrayFromJSON(int64(), R"([1, 2, 3, null])"),
+                        struct_arr->field(struct_arr->num_fields() - 1));
+
+      //  Check values individually
+      auto col_0_type = float64();
+      const auto& col_0 = struct_arr->field(0);
+      EXPECT_THAT(col_0->GetScalar(0),
+                  ResultWith(AnyOfJSON(col_0_type, R"([1.0, 3.25])")));
+      EXPECT_THAT(col_0->GetScalar(1),
+                  ResultWith(AnyOfJSON(col_0_type, R"([0.0, 0.125, -0.25])")));
+      EXPECT_THAT(col_0->GetScalar(2), ResultWith(AnyOfJSON(col_0_type, 
R"([null])")));
+      EXPECT_THAT(col_0->GetScalar(3),
+                  ResultWith(AnyOfJSON(col_0_type, R"([4.0, 0.75])")));
+
+      auto col_1_type = null();
+      const auto& col_1 = struct_arr->field(1);
+      EXPECT_THAT(col_1->GetScalar(0), ResultWith(AnyOfJSON(col_1_type, 
R"([null])")));
+      EXPECT_THAT(col_1->GetScalar(1), ResultWith(AnyOfJSON(col_1_type, 
R"([null])")));
+      EXPECT_THAT(col_1->GetScalar(2), ResultWith(AnyOfJSON(col_1_type, 
R"([null])")));
+      EXPECT_THAT(col_1->GetScalar(3), ResultWith(AnyOfJSON(col_1_type, 
R"([null])")));
+
+      auto col_2_type = boolean();
+      const auto& col_2 = struct_arr->field(2);
+      EXPECT_THAT(col_2->GetScalar(0), ResultWith(AnyOfJSON(col_2_type, 
R"([true])")));
+      EXPECT_THAT(col_2->GetScalar(1), ResultWith(AnyOfJSON(col_2_type, 
R"([false])")));
+      EXPECT_THAT(col_2->GetScalar(2),
+                  ResultWith(AnyOfJSON(col_2_type, R"([true, false])")));
+      EXPECT_THAT(col_2->GetScalar(3),
+                  ResultWith(AnyOfJSON(col_2_type, R"([true, null])")));
+
+      auto col_3_type = decimal128(3, 2);
+      const auto& col_3 = struct_arr->field(3);
+      EXPECT_THAT(col_3->GetScalar(0),
+                  ResultWith(AnyOfJSON(col_3_type, R"(["1.01", "3.25"])")));
+      EXPECT_THAT(col_3->GetScalar(1),
+                  ResultWith(AnyOfJSON(col_3_type, R"(["0.00", "0.12", 
"-0.25"])")));
+      EXPECT_THAT(col_3->GetScalar(2), ResultWith(AnyOfJSON(col_3_type, 
R"([null])")));
+      EXPECT_THAT(col_3->GetScalar(3),
+                  ResultWith(AnyOfJSON(col_3_type, R"(["4.01", "0.75"])")));
+
+      auto col_4_type = decimal256(3, 2);
+      const auto& col_4 = struct_arr->field(4);
+      EXPECT_THAT(col_4->GetScalar(0),
+                  ResultWith(AnyOfJSON(col_4_type, R"(["1.01", "3.25"])")));
+      EXPECT_THAT(col_4->GetScalar(1),
+                  ResultWith(AnyOfJSON(col_4_type, R"(["0.00", "0.12", 
"-0.25"])")));
+      EXPECT_THAT(col_4->GetScalar(2), ResultWith(AnyOfJSON(col_4_type, 
R"([null])")));
+      EXPECT_THAT(col_4->GetScalar(3),
+                  ResultWith(AnyOfJSON(col_4_type, R"(["4.01", "0.75"])")));
+
+      auto col_5_type = fixed_size_binary(3);
+      const auto& col_5 = struct_arr->field(5);
+      EXPECT_THAT(col_5->GetScalar(0),
+                  ResultWith(AnyOfJSON(col_5_type, R"(["aaa", "ddd"])")));
+      EXPECT_THAT(col_5->GetScalar(1),
+                  ResultWith(AnyOfJSON(col_5_type, R"(["bab", "bcd", 
"bac"])")));
+      EXPECT_THAT(col_5->GetScalar(2), ResultWith(AnyOfJSON(col_5_type, 
R"([null])")));
+      EXPECT_THAT(col_5->GetScalar(3),
+                  ResultWith(AnyOfJSON(col_5_type, R"(["123", "234"])")));
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+TEST(GroupBy, OneNumericTypes) {
+  std::vector<std::shared_ptr<DataType>> types;
+  types.insert(types.end(), NumericTypes().begin(), NumericTypes().end());
+  types.insert(types.end(), TemporalTypes().begin(), TemporalTypes().end());
+  types.push_back(month_interval());
+
+  const std::vector<std::string> numeric_table_json = {R"([
+      [null, 1],
+      [1,    1]
+    ])",
+                                                       R"([
+      [0,    2],
+      [null, 3],
+      [3,    4],
+      [5,    4],
+      [4,    null],
+      [3,    1],
+      [0,    2]
+    ])",
+                                                       R"([
+      [0,    2],
+      [1,    null],
+      [null, 3]
+    ])"};
+
+  const std::vector<std::string> temporal_table_json = {R"([
+      [null,      1],
+      [86400000,  1]
+    ])",
+                                                        R"([
+      [0,         2],
+      [null,      3],
+      [259200000, 4],
+      [432000000, 4],
+      [345600000, null],
+      [259200000, 1],
+      [0,         2]
+    ])",
+                                                        R"([
+      [0,         2],
+      [86400000,  null],
+      [null,      3]
+    ])"};
+
+  for (const auto& type : types) {
+    for (bool use_exec_plan : {true, false}) {
+      for (bool use_threads : {true, false}) {
+        SCOPED_TRACE(type->ToString());
+        auto in_schema = schema({field("argument0", type), field("key", 
int64())});
+        auto table =
+            TableFromJSON(in_schema, (type->name() == "date64") ? 
temporal_table_json
+                                                                : 
numeric_table_json);
+        ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(
+            Datum aggregated_and_grouped,
+            GroupByTest({table->GetColumnByName("argument0")},
+                        {table->GetColumnByName("key")}, {{"hash_one", 
nullptr}},
+                        use_threads, use_exec_plan));
+        ValidateOutput(aggregated_and_grouped);
+        SortBy({"key_0"}, &aggregated_and_grouped);
+
+        const auto& struct_arr = 
aggregated_and_grouped.array_as<StructArray>();
+        //  Check the key column
+        AssertDatumsEqual(ArrayFromJSON(int64(), R"([1, 2, 3, 4, null])"),
+                          struct_arr->field(struct_arr->num_fields() - 1));
+
+        //  Check values individually
+        const auto& col = struct_arr->field(0);
+        if (type->name() == "date64") {
+          EXPECT_THAT(col->GetScalar(0),
+                      ResultWith(AnyOfJSON(type, R"([86400000, 259200000])")));
+          EXPECT_THAT(col->GetScalar(1), ResultWith(AnyOfJSON(type, 
R"([0])")));
+          EXPECT_THAT(col->GetScalar(2), ResultWith(AnyOfJSON(type, 
R"([null])")));
+          EXPECT_THAT(col->GetScalar(3),
+                      ResultWith(AnyOfJSON(type, R"([259200000, 
432000000])")));
+          EXPECT_THAT(col->GetScalar(4),
+                      ResultWith(AnyOfJSON(type, R"([345600000, 86400000])")));
+        } else {
+          EXPECT_THAT(col->GetScalar(0), ResultWith(AnyOfJSON(type, R"([1, 
3])")));
+          EXPECT_THAT(col->GetScalar(1), ResultWith(AnyOfJSON(type, 
R"([0])")));
+          EXPECT_THAT(col->GetScalar(2), ResultWith(AnyOfJSON(type, 
R"([null])")));
+          EXPECT_THAT(col->GetScalar(3), ResultWith(AnyOfJSON(type, R"([3, 
5])")));
+          EXPECT_THAT(col->GetScalar(4), ResultWith(AnyOfJSON(type, R"([4, 
1])")));
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+TEST(GroupBy, OneBinaryTypes) {
+  for (bool use_exec_plan : {true, false}) {
+    for (bool use_threads : {true, false}) {
+      for (const auto& type : BaseBinaryTypes()) {
+        SCOPED_TRACE(use_threads ? "parallel/merged" : "serial");
+
+        auto table = TableFromJSON(schema({
+                                       field("argument0", type),
+                                       field("key", int64()),
+                                   }),
+                                   {R"([
+    [null,   1],
+    ["aaaa", 1]
+])",
+                                    R"([
+    ["babcd",2],
+    [null,   3],
+    ["2",    null],
+    ["d",    1],
+    ["bc",   2]
+])",
+                                    R"([
+    ["bcd", 2],
+    ["123", null],
+    [null,  3]
+])"});
+
+        ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(
+            Datum aggregated_and_grouped,
+            GroupByTest({table->GetColumnByName("argument0")},
+                        {table->GetColumnByName("key")}, {{"hash_one", 
nullptr}},
+                        use_threads, use_exec_plan));
+        ValidateOutput(aggregated_and_grouped);
+        SortBy({"key_0"}, &aggregated_and_grouped);
+
+        const auto& struct_arr = 
aggregated_and_grouped.array_as<StructArray>();
+        //  Check the key column
+        AssertDatumsEqual(ArrayFromJSON(int64(), R"([1, 2, 3, null])"),
+                          struct_arr->field(struct_arr->num_fields() - 1));
+
+        const auto& col = struct_arr->field(0);
+        EXPECT_THAT(col->GetScalar(0), ResultWith(AnyOfJSON(type, R"(["aaaa", 
"d"])")));
+        EXPECT_THAT(col->GetScalar(1),
+                    ResultWith(AnyOfJSON(type, R"(["bcd", "bc", "babcd"])")));
+        EXPECT_THAT(col->GetScalar(2), ResultWith(AnyOfJSON(type, 
R"([null])")));
+        EXPECT_THAT(col->GetScalar(3), ResultWith(AnyOfJSON(type, R"(["2", 
"123"])")));
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+TEST(GroupBy, OneScalar) {

Review comment:
       ExecBatch, for each column, can either hold an array (as we've seen so 
far) or a scalar. A scalar is used to compress the representation when all 
values for a row in a batch are the same. So first off, the first value in each 
row above needs to be the exact same value:
   
   ```
   input.batches = {
         ExecBatchFromJSON({ValueDescr::Scalar(int32()), int64()},
                           R"([[-1, 1], [-1, 1], [-1, 1], [-1, 1]])"),
   ```
   
   however just because one batch has a scalar doesn't mean that all batches 
do, that's why the third batch is different above




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