shehabgamin commented on code in PR #14440:
URL: https://github.com/apache/datafusion/pull/14440#discussion_r1962564677


##########
datafusion/expr-common/src/signature.rs:
##########
@@ -466,6 +551,186 @@ fn get_data_types(native_type: &NativeType) -> 
Vec<DataType> {
     }
 }
 
+/// Represents type coercion rules for function arguments, specifying both the 
desired type
+/// and optional implicit coercion rules for source types.
+///
+/// # Examples
+///
+/// ```
+/// use datafusion_expr_common::signature::{Coercion, TypeSignatureClass};
+/// use datafusion_common::types::{NativeType, logical_binary, logical_string};
+///
+/// // Exact coercion that only accepts timestamp types
+/// let exact = Coercion::new_exact(TypeSignatureClass::Timestamp);
+///
+/// // Implicit coercion that accepts string types but can coerce from binary 
types
+/// let implicit = Coercion::new_implicit(
+///     TypeSignatureClass::Native(logical_string()),
+///     vec![TypeSignatureClass::Native(logical_binary())],
+///     NativeType::String
+/// );
+/// ```
+///
+/// There are two variants:
+///
+/// * `Exact` - Only accepts arguments that exactly match the desired type
+/// * `Implicit` - Accepts the desired type and can coerce from specified 
source types
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Eq, PartialOrd)]
+pub enum Coercion {
+    /// Coercion that only accepts arguments exactly matching the desired type.
+    Exact {
+        /// The required type for the argument
+        desired_type: TypeSignatureClass,
+    },
+
+    /// Coercion that accepts the desired type and can implicitly coerce from 
other types.
+    Implicit {
+        /// The primary desired type for the argument
+        desired_type: TypeSignatureClass,
+        /// Rules for implicit coercion from other types
+        implicit_coercion: ImplicitCoercion,
+    },

Review Comment:
   > It is not a step forward. We removed ability for a function f(s) to 
express the most basic need: "f takes s being a type X, so the call succeeds 
for any type X' coercible to X"
   > 
   > This is, i believe, what the `TypeSignature::Coercible(logical type)` was 
doing. (At least this is what it should be doing by the name of it.)
   
   @findepi This was the behavior before DataFusion 43. Starting in DataFusion 
43, this was no longer the case. My old PR 
https://github.com/apache/datafusion/pull/14268 attempted to fix this 
regression. I agree that the naming does not match the behavior, and there is 
an extensive discussion in the PR I linked regarding that.
   
   @jayzhan211 @alamb @findepi The relevant comment from my old PR: 
https://github.com/apache/datafusion/pull/14268#issuecomment-2626079378.
   
   With that in mind, this PR is still a significant step forward from the new 
behavior introduced in DataFusion 43. However, more work is needed to define 
functions that are explicitly documented, have clear and consistent naming, and 
sufficiently meet internal expectations while respecting system contracts and 
remaining flexible for downstream use cases.



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