I'm pretty sure your main problem is that by default Hugin aligns images 
based on the assumption that they were taken from a fixed point of view 
(not hand held) so only yaw, pitch and roll vary between images.

I find the expert interface much simpler than the "Simple" interface (once 
you know the basic work flow).  In the photos tab (in expert interface) you 
can try to get better alignment using the Optimize / Geometric controls.  
"Position" there refers to yaw, pitch and roll.  It seems to be a good idea 
to calculate first with just that, so subsequent optimize runs are starting 
near the answer.  But when lens properties and/or hand held causes position 
alone to give poor alignment, recalculate with more parameters 
("translation" is the name of the parameters that deal with the images 
being hand held).  If that isn't enough, you need to change some control 
points:

1) individual control point might badly fail to align and their 
contribution then makes all the other points align a bit worse.  So just 
deleting them (in the control points tab) then recalculating Optimize / 
Geometric may help.

2) If you need translation computed and significant parts of your image are 
at different distances from the camera, there is no way for the translation 
computation to be correct (no stitching software could get that right 
because there is no right).  You need to select a single most important 
distance and delete control points that are on objects too close or too far 
away and add some more at the right distance.  In some panoramas that is 
enough because there is a single most important distance.  Other times, you 
then need to fix things for the less important distances.  That requires 
masking so each important object at other than the select distance is taken 
from just one photo, rather than blurred between two photos.  Masking lets 
the software transition between photos either in areas that already were 
not very sharp (sky, very distant trees, etc.) or in areas with perfect 
alignment.  Remember if you use a tripod and slide if necessary to get 
exactly the right axis of rotation, then all distances act the same (zero 
translation is correct for everything).

On Saturday, January 29, 2022 at 3:56:11 AM UTC-5 msdob...@gmail.com wrote:

> Hello,
>
> I have a batch of images taken by hand. I could make a panorama in 
> Photoshop in two minutes, but I would like to move to Hugin. I could not 
> make it although I've tried for days.
> The main problem is it keeps mixing like this:
>
> [image: crop.jpg]
>
> Is there anybody willing to help me with this, please?
>
> Thanks.
>

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