It all becomes one big philosophical debate based upon where you sit. I've worked on OS/MFT, OS/MVT, VS1, MVS/SP, ESA, XA, OS/390, and Z/OS.
The core functions have grown over the years, and the OS has gotten more complex as things like 31 bit and 64 bit came along. What does your own experience lead you to believe is necessary and not...and we come back to it depends. If I have a CICS user, then CICS is part of his or her OS cloud. If it's a NOMAD user, or SAS, PL/1, COBOL, FORTRAN, or HLASM, that would be part of that percieved universe. It begins to sound like the blind men trying to describe an elephant based on touch. Daniel McLaughlin ZOS Systems Programmer Crawford & Company PH: 770 621 3256 * ---------------------------------------------------------------------- For IBM-MAIN subscribe / signoff / archive access instructions, send email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with the message: GET IBM-MAIN INFO Search the archives at http://bama.ua.edu/archives/ibm-main.html