> wear under a helmet,

In the winters of AZ, I wore something like this:

http://www.amazon.com/Arctiva-Polartec-Balaclava/dp/B000JRDCBS

http://www.sierratradingpost.com/p/216,56028_Wickers-Balaclava-Moisture-Wicking-Midweight-for-Men-and-Women.html

which can be bought at a local bicycle shop.

It's thin material, worn under a bicycle helmet.


>>>what's the warmest socks, do you wear an
> Icelandic winter riding suit or skidoo suit?  What gloves are best?


Info on winter riding:

"The most effective way to stay comfortable is to dress in layers. This is 
also most efficient in terms of what you have to buy and it gives you the 
flexibility to remove layers as the day warms up or as you warm from 
exertion. A rule of thumb that most experienced winter riders follow is that 
if you are warm and comfy the first few miles, you are over-dressed. As a 
minimum, you will need long tights or wind pants, full-finger gloves, wool 
socks, a wind shell or light jacket, long-sleeved polypro undershirt, 
balaclava or headband that covers your ears, and a neck gaitor (usually not 
needed with a balaclava). Note: a balaclava is a ski-mask-like garment that 
covers the head, neck and part of the face with a cutout provided for eyes 
and nose.
Some people will add polypro or silk tights under their riding tights in 
really cold weather. I use tights with a brushed inside texture that gives 
added warmth and have never needed anything else down to under 20°.

Long-sleeved jerseys are also nice to have for those not-so-cold days and to 
wear under your wind shell. My typical upper body layers for the colder days 
will include a polypro undershirt (don't wear cotton next to your skin in 
winter, it will absorb perspiration and make you colder), a wool or 
synthetic sweater and a light wind shell. It's amazing how warm this will 
make you. I do sometimes wear a cotton blend sweatshirt, but I always wear 
polypro next to my skin. On not-so-cold days, I sometimes wear a 
short-sleeved jersey over the polypro undershirt.

The wool socks mentioned above will make a big difference in how warm your 
feet are, but if you are like me, the feet are the hardest part to keep 
warm. In very cold weather, I add thin polypro sock liners and booties 
(neoprene covers worn over shoes). I've also learned that covering your head 
helps keep your feet and hands warm. Strange, but true. Up to 70% of your 
body heat can be lost through your head and neck. A balaclava is the perfect 
solution!

Booties are the best solution for cold feet on the coldest days. Some think 
they are too warm and cause the feet to perspire, but I've not had that 
problem. Just as with the upper body, don't wear cotton next to your skin on 
your feet. Merino wool or polypro are the best choices. Maybe those who 
complain about wet feet with booties don't follow this rule.

There are also shoe covers (neoprene items that cover just the toes) for 
not-so-cold days. These are great when it's not cold enough for booties, but 
too cold to not cover the mesh on your shoes.

Polypro or silk glove liners are also handy. I wear them under my cut-off 
gloves when the weather is just a bit cool and under my full-finger gloves 
when it gets really frigid."

___________________


Judy
http://icehorses.net
http://clickryder.com

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