Consider these names in our databases
Indigofera astragalina Syn: I. hirsuta
Phyllanthus amarus Syn: P. nirurii
Ficus microcarpa Syn: F. retusa
Crateva adansonii syn: C.. religiosa
Acalypha lanceolata Syn: A. indica
Zizyphus mauritiana Syn: Z. jububa
The Plant names without author names are sometimes used in general purpose
books and text books, not in taxonomic treatments or databases. Whenever these
are used without author names, it is understood that there is only one species
by that name, or the validly published one. If we apply this logic our names
would be wriiten as under:
Indigofera astragalina DC., 1825 Syn: I. hirsuta Linn., 1753
Phyllanthus amarus Schumach., 1827 Syn: P. nirurii Linn., 1753
Ficus microcarpa Linn.f., 1781 Syn: F. retusa Linn., 1753
Crateva adansonii DC., 1824 syn: C. religiosa G. Forst., 1786
Acalypha lanceolata Willd, 1768 Syn: A. indica Linn., 1753
Zizyphus mauitiana Lamk., 1789 Syn: Z. jujuba Mill, 1789.
In all these cases the synonym is of earlier date, and should be used as
correct name and not as synonym. We are using them as synonyms because they
were named as accepted names in Hooker's Flora of British India, and other
Indian Floras, but the indian material was subsequently found to be different
species. The citations would be meaningful if properly cited as under:
Indigofera astragalina DC., 1825 Syn: I. hirsuta Baker (non Linn.,
1753)
Phyllanthus amarus Schumach., 1827 Syn: P. nirurii Hook.f. (non Linn., 1753)
(however, I don't find any standard publication following this
nomenclature. The most usually followed is this one:
Phyllanthus fraternus Webster, 1955 Syn: P. niruri Hook.f. (non Linn.)
)
Ficus microcarpa Linn.f., 1781 Syn: F. retusa auct. (non Linn.,
1753)
Crateva adansonii DC., 1824 syn: C. religiosa Auct (non G.
Forst., 1786)
Acalypha lanceolata Willd, 1768 Syn: A. indica Linn., 1753 (I don't
know of any publication which cites A. indica as synonym of A. lanceolata. In
case they are synonyms, A. indica should be accepted name, unless it is another
case of misidentification with A. indica)
Zizyphus mauitiana Lamk., 1789 Syn: Z. jujuba Lamk. (non Mill, 1768)
Our databases are slowly expanding and should soon becaome most frequently
visited by plant lovers and botanists , and I feel the need for proper
represntation of data .and this can happen only if names of species and
authors are properly represented.
It may take some time to correct older records, but atleast from now onwards we
can decide to include names and synonyms with proper author citation, to make
our databases useful to botanists in general and researchers in particular.
Dr. Gurcharan Singh
Associate Professor
SGTB Khalsa College
University of Delhi, Delhi
India
http://people.du.ac.in/~singhg45
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