To address potential fragmentation issues when using IKEv2 with standalone
FrodoKEM key exchange, the mechanism defined in
https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-reddy-ipsecme-ikev2-hybrid-reliable/
can be utilized. This is particularly relevant for deployments that want to
bypass the initial traditional key exchange.

Cheers,
-Tiru

On Fri, 23 Jan 2026 at 18:36, Scott Fluhrer (sfluhrer) <sfluhrer=
[email protected]> wrote:

> The option you suggest below of negotiating "NONE" as the first key
> exchange is (IMHO) Evil, and I would call for it to be rejected.  If you
> want to do FrodoKEM only (and you don't have MTU concerns, either because
> you're going over TLS, or your L2 protocol has a large MTU size), then make
> FrodoKEM as your first (and only) key exchange - problem solved.
>
> ------------------------------
> *From:* Wang Guilin <[email protected]>
> *Sent:* Friday, January 23, 2026 5:25 AM
> *To:* John Mattsson <[email protected]>; Wang Guilin
> <[email protected]>; Ben S3 <ben.s3=
> [email protected]>; Michael Richardson <[email protected]>;
> Thom Wiggers <[email protected]>; [email protected] <[email protected]>
> *Subject:* [IPsec] Re: Call for adoption:
> draft-wang-ipsecme-hybrid-kem-ikev2-frodo-03 (Ends 2026-02-09)
>
> I see. But the draft is not restricting how implementations are using
> FrodoKEM.
>
>
>
> Instead, we are considering to expend the draft for running pure FrodoKEM
> over TLS, as suggested by Scott. This case is not covered in the current
> version 03.
>
>
>
> Also, I am think if we can run pure FrodoKEM (or any PQ KEM) in IKEv2
> under the framework of RFC 9370 as follows.
>
>    - In IKE_SA_INIT, KE payload includes NONE as the traditional KE. Note
>    that NONE, no KE at all, has 0 as its KE Method Transform ID, according to
>    the IANA IKEv2 parameters, 
> *https://www.iana.org/assignments/ikev2-parameters/ikev2-parameters.xhtml
>    <https://www.iana.org/assignments/ikev2-parameters/ikev2-parameters.xhtml>*
>    .
>    - Later, run Intermediate exchange to exchange the public key and
>    ciphertext of FrodoKEM via ADDKE, as specified by FRC 9370.
>    - Namely, the means NONE+FrodoKEM=FrodoKEM.
>    - Not sure if this works and is good in IKEv2 practice?
>
>
>
> Guilin
>
> *From:* John Mattsson <[email protected]>
> *Sent:* Friday, 23 January 2026 6:03 pm
> *To:* Wang Guilin <[email protected]>; Ben S3
> <[email protected]>; Michael Richardson <
> [email protected]>; Thom Wiggers <[email protected]>; [email protected]
> *Cc:* Wang Guilin <[email protected]>
> *Subject:* Re: [IPsec] Re: Call for adoption:
> draft-wang-ipsecme-hybrid-kem-ikev2-frodo-03 (Ends 2026-02-09)
>
>
>
> >- Still, the main part for our draft is about how to use FrodoKEM in
> hybrid way (traditional KE+FrodoKEM), though more PQ KEMs can be added by
> following RFC 9370.
>
>
>
> I disagree with this, I think the main part of IPSECME’s draft should be
> to register code points for FrodoKEM without restricting how
> implementations are using FrodoKEM.
>
>
>
> John
>
>
>
> *From: * Wang Guilin <*[email protected]
> <[email protected]>*>
> *Date: *Friday, 23 January 2026 at 10:12
> *To: *Ben S3 <*[email protected]
> <[email protected]>*>, Michael Richardson 
> <*[email protected]
> <[email protected]>*>, Thom Wiggers <*[email protected]
> <[email protected]>*>, *[email protected] <[email protected]>* <*[email protected]
> <[email protected]>*>
> *Cc: *Wang Guilin <*[email protected] <[email protected]>*>
> *Subject: *[IPsec] Re: Call for adoption:
> draft-wang-ipsecme-hybrid-kem-ikev2-frodo-03 (Ends 2026-02-09)
>
> Yes, this true. Also considering what a better name for our draft
> draft-wang-ipsecme-hybrid-kem-ikev2-frodo. And this may also indicate
> similar issue for draft-ietf-ipsecme-ikev2-mlkem.
>
> For draft-wang-ipsecme-hybrid-kem-ikev2-frodo-03:
> - Current title: "Post-quantum Hybrid Key Exchange in IKEv2 with FrodoKEM"
> - Michael Richardson: "Using FrodoKEM in Multiple IKEv2 Key Exchanges"
> - Thom Wiggers: “FrodoKEM for IKE_INTERMEDIATE IKEv2 Key Exchanges
> - Scott Fluhrer: No exact name suggested, but commented: "I would
> recommend that this draft should back off from assuming that Frodo can be
> used only in the "Classical+Frodo" combination."
>
> For me, I like the current one or that from Michael. A few reasons:
> - Still, the main part for our draft is about how to use FrodoKEM in
> hybrid way (traditional KE+FrodoKEM), though more PQ KEMs can be added by
> following RFC 9370.
> - The draft can describe how to run pure FrodoKEM over TLS, as Scott
> suggested. But this is a smaller case in the draft.
> - For my understanding, hybrid is more general than just T/PQ. It refers
> two or more crypto component algorithms are combined to achieve a security
> purpose. (Also, how to combine the component algorithms and how strong the
> resulting solution are further issues.)
> - RFC 9794 seems not giving definition for "hybrid", but mentions that it
> can be used for T/PQ (like hybrid KE  defined by ETSI) or a more general
> concept (like hybrid KE defined by NIST). Details can be found in Section 1
> of RFC 9794.
>
> draft-ietf-ipsecme-ikev2-mlkem:
> - Current title: "Post-quantum Hybrid Key Exchange with ML-KEM in the
> Internet Key Exchange Protocol Version 2 (IKEv2)"
> This WG document does specify how to use pure ML-KEM in IKEv2. Abstract
> tells "This draft specifies how to use ML-KEM by itself or as an additional
> key  exchange in IKEv2 along with a traditional key exchange."
>
> Guilin
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Ben S3 <*[email protected]
> <[email protected]>*>
> Sent: Friday, 23 January 2026 4:12 pm
> To: Michael Richardson <*[email protected] <[email protected]>*>;
> Thom Wiggers <*[email protected] <[email protected]>*>; *[email protected]
> <[email protected]>*
> Subject: [IPsec] Re: Call for adoption:
> draft-wang-ipsecme-hybrid-kem-ikev2-frodo-03 (Ends 2026-02-09)
>
> OFFICIAL
>
> Without stating an opinion either way, I’ll note that the title of this
> draft is consistent with the title of draft-ietf-ipsecme-ikev2-mlkem, which
> also assumes hybrid.
>
> Of course, the solution here might be “change the name of the ML-KEM draft
> too”.
>
> Ben
>
>
> OFFICIAL
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Michael Richardson <*[email protected] <[email protected]>*>
> Sent: 22 January 2026 21:07
> To: Thom Wiggers <*[email protected] <[email protected]>*>; 
> *[email protected]
> <[email protected]>*
> Subject: [IPsec] Re: Call for adoption:
> draft-wang-ipsecme-hybrid-kem-ikev2-frodo-03 (Ends 2026-02-09)
>
>
> Thom Wiggers <*[email protected] <[email protected]>*> wrote:
>     > Title:
>     > I do strongly feel that “hybrid” should be removed from the title of
>     > the draft, because I think it will lead to confusion on what this
> draft
>     > achieves in terms of security. Namely, “hybrid” commonly means PQ/T
>     > hybrids, but this draft can be used perfectly fine with ML-KEM-512 in
>     > the IKE_SA_INIT key exchange. While I do agree that this would still
>     > give us a (PQ/PQ) “hybrid”, I don’t think that this matches
>     > expectations surrounding the word “hybrid”.
>
> I agree strongly.
> RFC9370 defines multiple key exchanges, so linking it in that way makes
> more sense.
>
>     > I don’t think “hybrid” adds much either, other than (to experts)
>     > hinting that this needs to be done in IKE_INTERMEDIATE exchanges. So
> if
>     > that is the intended message, I suggest renaming the draft to
> something
>     > like “FrodoKEM for IKE_INTERMEDIATE IKEv2 Key Exchanges”.
>
> Or, maybe "Using FrodoKEM in Multiple IKEv2 Key Exchanges"
>
>
> --
> Michael Richardson <*[email protected] <[email protected]>*>   .
> o O ( IPv6 IøT consulting )
>            Sandelman Software Works Inc, Ottawa and Worldwide
>
>
>
>
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