Awas, kapasitor yang digunakan HARUS yang mempunyai tegangan di atas 400 Volt
AC ! (bukan DC).
Antara lain kapasitor yang biasa dugunakan untuk motor, berbentuk kotak hitam
atau berbentuk silinder aluminium.
Kalau digunakan yang DC, yang silinder berwarna hitam atau biru ada
polaritasnya, pasti akan MELEDAK !.
Salam.
----- Original Message -----
From: mc-iroel
To: ITCENTER@yahoogroups.com
Sent: Thursday, October 11, 2007 2:18 PM
Subject: Re: Balasan: Re: [ITCENTER] Power Supply <cukup gak?>
capasitor yg dipake capacitor spek yg mana ya? yg saya tahu 47uF tapi ada
batesan voltage nya dalam D(CMIIW). kalo yg AC apakh sama? maklum sudah lama
nggak otak-atik .
Regards
On 10/10/07, Henkie Basuki Djayapranata <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>
> Setahu saya, kalau sekering nya atau MCB nya 4 amper, berarti daya yang
> bisa digunakan adalah 4 x 220 = 880 VA dan di bulatkan menjadi 900 VA.
> Jadi untuk yang 6 amper, daya yang bisa digunakan adalah 1320 VA dan
> dibulatkan menjadi 1300 VA.
>
> Kalau beban yang dipasang adalah beban yang bersifat resistif, seperti
> setrika listrik, pemanas air, rice cooker, maka nilai VAnya sama dengan
> nilai Watt.
>
> Namun, kalau bebannya yang dipasang, bersifat induktif, seperti pompa air,
> AC, kulkas, bor listrik, maka nilai VAnya tidak sama dengan nilai Watt.
> Dalam perhitungan, perbedaannya di definisikan dengan faktor yang disebut
> sebagai cos phi.
>
> Demikian juga dengan kalau beban yang dipasang, bersifat kapasitif.
>
> Perbedaan, disebabkan karena bentuk gelombang, kalau di"lihat", antara
> arus dan tegangannya, saat di bebani, tidak berimpit atau sefasa dengan
> bentuk gelombang tegangan, bisa arusnya lebih dahulu, bisa juga lebih
> belakang.
>
> Karenanya, banyak dijual alat "penghemat listrik" yang kebanyakan, isinya
> hanya berupa capacitor antara sekitar 10uF sampai dengan 47uF yang
> dipasangkan secara paralel dengan sumber listrik, dengan tujuan
> mengkompensasi beban yang bersifat induktif, menuju menjadi beban resistif.
> Dengan cara ini, kalau bebannya banyak yang induktif, terutama AC, maka
> kalau diukur, arus listrik nya akan menurun.
>
> Di rumah saya, dengan variasi beban dari berat sampai ringan, kalau
> menggunakan capacitor 22uF, bisa antara 3.6% sampai dengan 39.1% dan
> dengan capacitor 22uF, bisa antara 4.8% sampai 26.1%. Karenanya saya
> gunakan yang 47uF, karena bisa menurunkan sampai 4.8% saat beban penuh.
>
> Nah, untuk rumah tangga, karena yang terpasang adalah KWH meter, bukan KVA
> meter, maka alat yang menggunakan capacitor ini, tidak akan menurunkan
> rekening listrik tapi hanya menurunkan arus listrik. Dengan menurunkan arus
> listrik, maka beban yang bisa dipasang, akan bisa lebih banyak (dan dengan
> sendirinya, akan menambah biaya rekening listrik)
> Namun untuk industri, pemasangan capacitor ini, akan menurunkan biaya
> rekening listrik. Karenanya, di industri tersedia berbagai capacitor bank
> untuk digunakan sebagai alat penghemat listri.
>
> Salam.
>
> ----- Original Message -----
> From: tenly sulistyo
> To: ITCENTER@yahoogroups.com <ITCENTER%40yahoogroups.com>
> Sent: Tuesday, October 09, 2007 9:19 PM
> Subject: Re: Balasan: Re: [ITCENTER] Power Supply <cukup gak?>
>
> salam kenal Jungki mungkin bisa di jelaskan apa yang di maksud cos phi
> tersebut, karena jika saya tanya orang pln seperti di bawah ini. untuk
> mendapatkan watt.
>
> Listrik di rumah saya 900 watt MCB di depan panel PLN 4 Amp Voltase rumah
> saya 220 Volt
>
> 900 watt = 220 Volts * 4 Ampere
>
> Listrik di rumah saya 1300 watt MCB di depan panel PLN 6 Amp Voltase rumah
> saya 220 Volt
>
> Benar tidak 1300watt = 220 volt x 6 Amp
>
> soalnya kalo saya tanya orang orang listrik di rumah berapa 2200 dan saya
> lihat MCB PLN 10 Amp dan voltasenya 220 Volt
> Setelah saya hitung 2200watt = 220 v * 10
>
> Jadi
>
> Watt = V x A
>
> Persamaan matematikanya
>
> Watt = VA
>
> Benar tidak ?
>
> Mohon di koreksi jika ada kesalahan.
>
> Terima Kasih
>
> Regards
>
> ////////
> ----------------------------------------------------------///
> How Electricity Works
> by Marshall Brain
>
> Inside This Article
> 1. Introduction to How Electricity Works
> 2. Electricity Basics
> 3. Generators
> 4. Electrical Circuits
> 5. Voltage, Current and Resistance
> 6. Direct Current vs. Alternating Current
> 7. Electrical Ground
> 8. Lots More Information
> 9. See all Physical Science articles
>
> 5.Voltage, Current and Resistance
>
> If you live in the United States, the power outlets in the wall of your
> house or apartment are delivering 120 volts.
>
> Imagine that you plug a space heater into a wall outlet. You measure the
> amount of current flowing from the wall outlet to the heater, and it is 10
> amps. That means that it is a 1,200-watt heater.
>
> Volts * Amps = Watts
>
> ... so 120 volts * 10 amps = 1,200 watts.
>
> This is the same for any electrical appliance. If you plug in a toaster
> and
> it draws 5 amps, it is a 600-watt toaster. If you plug in a light and it
> draws half an amp, it is a 60-watt light bulb.
>
> Let's say that you turn on the space heater, you go outside and you look
> at
> the power meter. The purpose of the power meter is to measure the amount
> of
> electricity flowing into your house so that the power company can bill you
> for it. Let's assume that nothing else in the house is on, so the meter is
> measuring only the electricity used by the space heater.
>
> Your space heater is using 1,200 watts. That is 1.2 kilowatts -- a
> kilowatt
> is 1,000 watts. If you leave the space heater on for one hour, you will
> use
> 1.2 kilowatt-hours of power. If your power company charges you 10 cents
> per
> kilowatt-hour, then the power company will charge you 12 cents for every
> hour that you leave your space heater on.
>
> 1.2 kilowatts * 1 hour = 1.2 kilowatt-hours
>
> 1.2 kilowatt-hours * 10 cents per kilowatt-hour = 12 cents
>
> Similarly, if you have a 100-watt light and you leave it on for 10 hours,
> the light will consume 1 kilowatt-hour (100 watts * 10 hours = 1
> kilowatt-hour).
>
> If you have a 20,000-watt heat pump and you leave it on for five hours
> every
> day, you will consume 100 kilowatt-hours per day (20 kilowatts * 5 hours =
> 100 kilowatt-hours), or 10 dollars of power per day if a kilowatt-hour
> costs
> a dime. If you do that for a month, your heat pump costs you (30 * $10)
> $300
> per month. That is why your electric bills can get so high when the
> temperature is very cold -- the heat pump runs a lot.
>
> The three most basic units in electricity are voltage (V), current (I) and
> resistance (r). As discussed previously, voltage is measured in volts, and
> current is measured in amps. Resistance is measured in ohms.
>
> We can extend the water analogy a bit further to understand resistance.
> The
> voltage is equivalent to the water pressure, the current is equivalent to
> the flow rate, and the resistance is like the pipe size.
>
> There is a basic equation in electrical engineering that states how the
> three terms relate. It says that the current is equal to the voltage
> divided
> by the resistance.
>
> I = V/r
>
> Let's say you have a tank of pressurized water connected to a hose that
> you
> are using to water the garden. What happens if you increase the pressure
> in
> the tank? You probably can guess that this makes more water come out of
> the
> hose. The same is true of an electrical system: Increasing the voltage
> will
> make more current flow.
>
> Let's say you increase the diameter of the hose and all of the fittings to
> the tank. You probably guessed that this also makes more water come out of
> the hose. This is like decreasing the resistance in an electrical system,
> which increases the current flow.
>
> When you look at a normal incandescent light bulb, you can physically see
> this water analogy in action. The filament of a light bulb is an extremely
> thin wire. This thin wire resists the flow of electrons. You can calculate
> the resistance of the wire with the resistance equation.
>
> Let's say you have a 120-watt light bulb plugged into a wall socket. The
> voltage is 120 volts, and a 120-watt bulb has 1 amp flowing through it.
> You
> can calculate the resistance of the filament by rearranging the equation:
> r=V/I. So the resistance is 120 ohms. If it is a 60-watt bulb, the
> resistance is 240 ohms.
>
> Beyond these core electrical concepts, there is a practical distinction
> that
> happens in the area of current. Some current is direct, and some current
> is
> alternating -- and this is a very important distinction.
>
> /----------------------------------------------------------///
> What are amps, watts, volts and ohms?
>
> Inside This Article
> 1. What are amps, watts, volts and ohms?
> 2. Electrical Efficiency
> 3. Lot More Information
> 4. See all Physical Science Article
>
> The three most basic units in electricity are voltage (*V*), current (*I*,
> uppercase "i") and resistance (*r*). Voltage is measured in volts, current
> is measured in *amps* and resistance is measured in ohms.
>
> [image: power lines]
> Karl Weatherly
> *More voltage in an electrical system makes more current flow.*
>
> A neat analogy to help understand these terms is a system of plumbing
> pipes.
> The voltage is equivalent to the water pressure, the current is equivalent
> to the flow rate, and the resistance is like the pipe size.
>
> There is a basic equation in electrical engineering that states how the
> three terms relate. It says that the current is equal to the voltage
> divided
> by the resistance.
>
> *I = V/r*
>
> Let's see how this relation applies to the plumbing system. Let's say you
> have a tank of pressurized water connected to a hose that you are using to
> water the garden.
>
> What happens if you increase the pressure in the tank? You probably can
> guess that this makes more water come out of the hose. The same is true of
> an electrical system: Increasing the voltage will make more current flow.
>
> Let's say you increase the diameter of the hose and all of the fittings to
> the tank. You probably guessed that this also makes more water come out of
> the hose. This is like decreasing the resistance in an electrical system,
> which increases the current flow.
>
> Electrical power is measured in *watts*. In an electrical system power
> (*P*)
> is equal to the voltage multiplied by the current.
> *P = VI*
>
> The water analogy still applies. Take a hose and point it at a waterwheel
> like the ones that were used to turn grinding stones in watermills. You
> can
> increase the power generated by the waterwheel in two ways. If you
> increase
> the pressure of the water coming out of the hose, it hits the waterwheel
> with a lot more force and the wheel turns faster, generating more power.
> If
> you increase the flow rate, the waterwheel turns faster because of the
> weight of the extra water hitting it.
>
> On the next page, we'll talk more about electrical efficiency.
>
> ///----------------------------------------------------------///
>
> On 10/9/07, berry rida <[EMAIL PROTECTED] <berry_iid%40yahoo.co.id>>
> wrote:
> >
> >
> >
> > jungkiwenas <[EMAIL PROTECTED] <jungkiwenas%40gmail.com><jungkiwenas%
> 40gmail.com>> wrote: harus
> > dikali cos phi baru jadi watt klo hanya arus kali amper baru dapet VA
> > klo DC iya bener begitu
> > thx
> > regads
> >
> > Masih belum selesai juga ya bahas topik ini....
> > apa gak ada tema lain apa yang lbh pnting dari pada
> > ini.............aneh!!!!!!!!!!!!!
> > forum IT ????????????????
> >
> > ---------------------------------
> > Bergabunglah dengan orang-orang yang berwawasan, di bidang Anda di
> Yahoo!
> > Answers
> >
> > [Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
> >
> >
> >
>
> [Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
>
> [Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
>
>
>
[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
--
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