Hello!
As posted before on this tracking bug (probably the wrong place) 
https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/linux-5.4/+bug/1864871, I have the 
same issue with an old Toshiba Satellite L450 laptop.
I ran the live Ubuntu 20.04 image and the sound was recognized and played well.
In Settings I could see the output Internal speakers.
Then I installed from within the live image Ubuntu and still have sound.
Back then the kernel was 5.4.0-28.32-generic 5.4.30.
I've updated Ubuntu last night and surprise. Now I only have Dummy output (no 
sound).
I've researched and tested a lot of tricks to make it play but with no luck.
Attached is the pulse audio log file as instructed by @Hui Wang (hui.wang) in 
https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/linux/+bug/1875252/comments/5.

The pacmd command result is:

Memory blocks currently allocated: 3, size: 67,6 KiB.
Memory blocks allocated during the whole lifetime: 34834, size: 203,7 KiB.
Memory blocks imported from other processes: 0, size: 0 B.
Memory blocks exported to other processes: 0, size: 0 B.
Total sample cache size: 0 B.
Default sample spec: s16le 2ch 44100Hz
Default channel map: front-left,front-right
Default sink name: auto_null
Default source name: auto_null.monitor
Memory blocks of type POOL: 3 allocated/34834 accumulated.
Memory blocks of type POOL_EXTERNAL: 0 allocated/0 accumulated.
Memory blocks of type APPENDED: 0 allocated/0 accumulated.
Memory blocks of type USER: 0 allocated/0 accumulated.
Memory blocks of type FIXED: 0 allocated/0 accumulated.
Memory blocks of type IMPORTED: 0 allocated/0 accumulated.
28 module(s) loaded.
    index: 0
        name: <module-device-restore>
        argument: <>
        used: -1
        load once: yes
        properties:
                module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
                module.description = "Automatically restore the volume/mute 
state of devices"
                module.version = "13.99.1"
    index: 1
        name: <module-stream-restore>
        argument: <>
        used: -1
        load once: yes
        properties:
                module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
                module.description = "Automatically restore the 
volume/mute/device state of streams"
                module.version = "13.99.1"
    index: 2
        name: <module-card-restore>
        argument: <>
        used: -1
        load once: yes
        properties:
                module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
                module.description = "Automatically restore profile of cards"
                module.version = "13.99.1"
    index: 3
        name: <module-augment-properties>
        argument: <>
        used: -1
        load once: yes
        properties:
                module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
                module.description = "Augment the property sets of streams with 
additional static information"
                module.version = "13.99.1"
    index: 4
        name: <module-switch-on-port-available>
        argument: <>
        used: -1
        load once: yes
        properties:
                module.author = "David Henningsson"
                module.description = "Switches ports and profiles when devices 
are plugged/unplugged"
                module.version = "13.99.1"
    index: 5
        name: <module-switch-on-connect>
        argument: <>
        used: -1
        load once: yes
        properties:
                module.author = "Michael Terry"
                module.description = "When a sink/source is added, switch to it 
or conditionally switch to it"
                module.version = "13.99.1"
    index: 6
        name: <module-udev-detect>
        argument: <>
        used: -1
        load once: yes
        properties:
                module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
                module.description = "Detect available audio hardware and load 
matching drivers"
                module.version = "13.99.1"
    index: 7
        name: <module-alsa-card>
        argument: <device_id="0" name="pci-0000_00_1b.0" 
card_name="alsa_card.pci-0000_00_1b.0" namereg_fail=false tsched=yes 
fixed_latency_range=no ignore_dB=no deferred_volume=yes use_ucm=yes 
avoid_resampling=no card_properties="module-udev-detect.discovered=1">
        used: 0
        load once: no
        properties:
                module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
                module.description = "ALSA Card"
                module.version = "13.99.1"
    index: 8
        name: <module-bluetooth-policy>
        argument: <>
        used: -1
        load once: yes
        properties:
                module.author = "Frédéric Dalleau, Pali Rohár"
                module.description = "Policy module to make using bluetooth 
devices out-of-the-box easier"
                module.version = "13.99.1"
    index: 9
        name: <module-bluetooth-discover>
        argument: <>
        used: -1
        load once: yes
        properties:
                module.author = "João Paulo Rechi Vita"
                module.description = "Detect available Bluetooth daemon and 
load the corresponding discovery module"
                module.version = "13.99.1"
    index: 10
        name: <module-bluez5-discover>
        argument: <>
        used: -1
        load once: yes
        properties:
                module.author = "João Paulo Rechi Vita"
                module.description = "Detect available BlueZ 5 Bluetooth audio 
devices and load BlueZ 5 Bluetooth audio drivers"
                module.version = "13.99.1"
    index: 11
        name: <module-native-protocol-unix>
        argument: <>
        used: -1
        load once: no
        properties:
                module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
                module.description = "Native protocol (UNIX sockets)"
                module.version = "13.99.1"
    index: 12
        name: <module-default-device-restore>
        argument: <>
        used: -1
        load once: yes
        properties:
                module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
                module.description = "Automatically restore the default sink 
and source"
                module.version = "13.99.1"
    index: 13
        name: <module-always-sink>
        argument: <>
        used: -1
        load once: yes
        properties:
                module.author = "Colin Guthrie"
                module.description = "Always keeps at least one sink loaded 
even if it's a null one"
                module.version = "13.99.1"
    index: 14
        name: <module-null-sink>
        argument: <sink_name=auto_null 
sink_properties='device.description="Dummy Output"'>
        used: 1
        load once: no
        properties:
                module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
                module.description = "Clocked NULL sink"
                module.version = "13.99.1"
    index: 15
        name: <module-intended-roles>
        argument: <>
        used: -1
        load once: yes
        properties:
                module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
                module.description = "Automatically set device of streams based 
on intended roles of devices"
                module.version = "13.99.1"
    index: 16
        name: <module-suspend-on-idle>
        argument: <>
        used: -1
        load once: yes
        properties:
                module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
                module.description = "When a sink/source is idle for too long, 
suspend it"
                module.version = "13.99.1"
    index: 17
        name: <module-console-kit>
        argument: <>
        used: -1
        load once: yes
        properties:
                module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
                module.description = "Create a client for each ConsoleKit 
session of this user"
                module.version = "13.99.1"
    index: 18
        name: <module-systemd-login>
        argument: <>
        used: -1
        load once: yes
        properties:
                module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
                module.description = "Create a client for each login session of 
this user"
                module.version = "13.99.1"
    index: 19
        name: <module-position-event-sounds>
        argument: <>
        used: -1
        load once: yes
        properties:
                module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
                module.description = "Position event sounds between L and R 
depending on the position on screen of the widget triggering them."
                module.version = "13.99.1"
    index: 20
        name: <module-role-cork>
        argument: <>
        used: -1
        load once: yes
        properties:
                module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
                module.description = "Mute & cork streams with certain roles 
while others exist"
                module.version = "13.99.1"
    index: 21
        name: <module-snap-policy>
        argument: <>
        used: -1
        load once: yes
        properties:
                module.author = "Canonical Ltd"
                module.description = "Ubuntu Snap policy management"
                module.version = "13.99.1"
    index: 22
        name: <module-filter-heuristics>
        argument: <>
        used: -1
        load once: yes
        properties:
                module.author = "Colin Guthrie"
                module.description = "Detect when various filters are desirable"
                module.version = "13.99.1"
    index: 23
        name: <module-filter-apply>
        argument: <>
        used: -1
        load once: yes
        properties:
                module.author = "Colin Guthrie"
                module.description = "Load filter sinks automatically when 
needed"
                module.version = "13.99.1"
    index: 24
        name: <module-x11-publish>
        argument: <display=:0 xauthority=/run/user/1000/gdm/Xauthority>
        used: -1
        load once: no
        properties:
                module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
                module.description = "X11 credential publisher"
                module.version = "13.99.1"
    index: 25
        name: <module-x11-cork-request>
        argument: <display=:0 xauthority=/run/user/1000/gdm/Xauthority>
        used: -1
        load once: no
        properties:
                module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
                module.description = "Synthesize X11 media key events when 
cork/uncork is requested"
                module.version = "13.99.1"
    index: 26
        name: <module-x11-xsmp>
        argument: <display=:0 xauthority=/run/user/1000/gdm/Xauthority 
session_manager=local/bobo-L450:@/tmp/.ICE-unix/1619,unix/bobo-L450:/tmp/.ICE-unix/1619>
        used: -1
        load once: no
        properties:
                module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
                module.description = "X11 session management"
                module.version = "13.99.1"
    index: 27
        name: <module-cli-protocol-unix>
        argument: <>
        used: -1
        load once: no
        properties:
                module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
                module.description = "Command line interface protocol (UNIX 
sockets)"
                module.version = "13.99.1"
1 sink(s) available.
  * index: 0
        name: <auto_null>
        driver: <module-null-sink.c>
        flags: DECIBEL_VOLUME LATENCY DYNAMIC_LATENCY
        state: IDLE
        suspend cause: (none)
        priority: 1000
        volume: front-left: 65536 / 100% / 0,00 dB,   front-right: 65536 / 100% 
/ 0,00 dB
                balance 0,00
        base volume: 65536 / 100% / 0,00 dB
        volume steps: 65537
        muted: no
        current latency: 18,37 ms
        max request: 6 KiB
        max rewind: 6 KiB
        monitor source: 0
        sample spec: s16le 2ch 44100Hz
        channel map: front-left,front-right
                     Stereo
        used by: 0
        linked by: 1
        configured latency: 40,00 ms; range is 0,50 .. 2000,00 ms
        module: 14
        properties:
                device.description = "Dummy Output"
                device.class = "abstract"
                device.icon_name = "audio-card"
1 source(s) available.
  * index: 0
        name: <auto_null.monitor>
        driver: <module-null-sink.c>
        flags: DECIBEL_VOLUME LATENCY DYNAMIC_LATENCY
        state: RUNNING
        suspend cause: (none)
        priority: 1000
        volume: front-left: 65536 / 100% / 0,00 dB,   front-right: 65536 / 100% 
/ 0,00 dB
                balance 0,00
        base volume: 65536 / 100% / 0,00 dB
        volume steps: 65537
        muted: no
        current latency: 0,00 ms
        max rewind: 6 KiB
        sample spec: s16le 2ch 44100Hz
        channel map: front-left,front-right
                     Stereo
        used by: 1
        linked by: 1
        configured latency: 40,00 ms; range is 0,50 .. 2000,00 ms
        monitor_of: 0
        module: 14
        properties:
                device.description = "Monitor of Dummy Output"
                device.class = "monitor"
                device.icon_name = "audio-input-microphone"
8 client(s) logged in.
    index: 0
        driver: <module-systemd-login.c>
        owner module: 18
        properties:
                application.name = "Login Session 2"
                systemd-login.session = "2"
    index: 4
        driver: <module-x11-xsmp.c>
        owner module: 26
        properties:
                application.name = "XSMP Session on gnome-session as 
10941d20df5ef74c7158850018429356900000016190062"
                xsmp.vendor = "gnome-session"
                xsmp.client.id = 
"10941d20df5ef74c7158850018429356900000016190062"
    index: 5
        driver: <protocol-native.c>
        owner module: 11
        properties:
                application.name = "GNOME Shell Volume Control"
                native-protocol.peer = "UNIX socket client"
                native-protocol.version = "33"
                application.id = "org.gnome.VolumeControl"
                application.icon_name = "multimedia-volume-control"
                application.version = "3.36.1"
                application.process.id = "1663"
                application.process.user = "bobo"
                application.process.host = "bobo-L450"
                application.process.binary = "gnome-shell"
                application.language = "en_US.UTF-8"
                window.x11.display = ":0"
                application.process.machine_id = 
"eb257e4a9baa435b98e3417af120fbe0"
    index: 6
        driver: <protocol-native.c>
        owner module: 11
        properties:
                application.name = "GNOME Volume Control Media Keys"
                native-protocol.peer = "UNIX socket client"
                native-protocol.version = "33"
                application.id = "org.gnome.VolumeControl"
                application.icon_name = "multimedia-volume-control"
                application.version = ""
                application.process.id = "1727"
                application.process.user = "bobo"
                application.process.host = "bobo-L450"
                application.process.binary = "gsd-media-keys"
                application.language = "en_US.UTF-8"
                window.x11.display = ":0"
                application.process.machine_id = 
"eb257e4a9baa435b98e3417af120fbe0"
    index: 10
        driver: <protocol-native.c>
        owner module: 11
        properties:
                application.name = "gedit"
                native-protocol.peer = "UNIX socket client"
                native-protocol.version = "33"
                application.icon_name = "org.gnome.gedit"
                window.x11.display = ":0"
                window.x11.screen = "0"
                application.process.id = "3329"
                application.process.user = "bobo"
                application.process.host = "bobo-L450"
                application.process.binary = "gedit"
                application.language = "en_US.UTF-8"
                application.process.machine_id = 
"eb257e4a9baa435b98e3417af120fbe0"
    index: 11
        driver: <protocol-native.c>
        owner module: 11
        properties:
                application.name = "GNOME Settings"
                native-protocol.peer = "UNIX socket client"
                native-protocol.version = "33"
                application.id = "org.gnome.VolumeControl"
                application.icon_name = "multimedia-volume-control"
                application.version = "3.36.1"
                application.process.id = "3405"
                application.process.user = "bobo"
                application.process.host = "bobo-L450"
                application.process.binary = "gnome-control-center"
                application.language = "en_US.UTF-8"
                window.x11.display = ":0"
                application.process.machine_id = 
"eb257e4a9baa435b98e3417af120fbe0"
    index: 12
        driver: <protocol-native.c>
        owner module: 11
        properties:
                application.name = "Settings"
                native-protocol.peer = "UNIX socket client"
                native-protocol.version = "33"
                window.x11.display = ":0"
                window.x11.screen = "0"
                application.process.id = "3405"
                application.process.user = "bobo"
                application.process.host = "bobo-L450"
                application.process.binary = "gnome-control-center"
                application.language = "en_US.UTF-8"
                application.process.machine_id = 
"eb257e4a9baa435b98e3417af120fbe0"
                application.icon_name = "org.gnome.Settings"
    index: 13
        driver: <cli.c>
        owner module: 27
        properties:
                application.name = "UNIX socket client"
1 card(s) available.
    index: 0
        name: <alsa_card.pci-0000_00_1b.0>
        driver: <module-alsa-card.c>
        owner module: 7
        properties:
                alsa.card = "0"
                alsa.card_name = "HDA Intel"
                alsa.long_card_name = "HDA Intel at 0xf2500000 irq 29"
                alsa.driver_name = "snd_hda_intel"
                device.bus_path = "pci-0000:00:1b.0"
                sysfs.path = "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1b.0/sound/card0"
                device.bus = "pci"
                device.vendor.id = "8086"
                device.vendor.name = "Intel Corporation"
                device.product.id = "293e"
                device.product.name = "82801I (ICH9 Family) HD Audio Controller"
                device.form_factor = "internal"
                device.string = "0"
                device.description = "Built-in Audio"
                module-udev-detect.discovered = "1"
                device.icon_name = "audio-card-pci"
        profiles:
                input:analog-stereo: Analog Stereo Input (priority 60, 
available: no)
                output:analog-stereo: Analog Stereo Output (priority 6000, 
available: no)
                output:analog-stereo+input:analog-stereo: Analog Stereo Duplex 
(priority 6060, available: no)
                off: Off (priority 0, available: unknown)
        active profile: <off>
        ports:
                analog-input-internal-mic-always: Internal Microphone (priority 
8900, latency offset 0 usec, available: no)
                        properties:
                                device.icon_name = "audio-input-microphone"
                analog-input-mic: Microphone (priority 8700, latency offset 0 
usec, available: no)
                        properties:
                                device.icon_name = "audio-input-microphone"
                analog-output-speaker-always: Speakers (priority 10000, latency 
offset 0 usec, available: no)
                        properties:
                                device.icon_name = "audio-speakers"
                analog-output-headphones: Headphones (priority 9900, latency 
offset 0 usec, available: no)
                        properties:
                                device.icon_name = "audio-headphones"
0 sink input(s) available.
1 source output(s) available.
    index: 0
        driver: <protocol-native.c>
        flags: DONT_MOVE 
        state: RUNNING
        source: 0 <auto_null.monitor>
        volume: mono: 65536 / 100% / 0,00 dB
                balance 0,00
        muted: no
        current latency: 0,00 ms
        requested latency: 40,00 ms
        sample spec: float32le 1ch 25Hz
        channel map: mono
                     Mono
        resample method: peaks
        owner module: 11
        client: 11 <GNOME Settings>
        properties:
                application.id = "org.gnome.VolumeControl"
                media.name = "Peak detect"
                application.name = "GNOME Settings"
                native-protocol.peer = "UNIX socket client"
                native-protocol.version = "33"
                application.icon_name = "multimedia-volume-control"
                application.version = "3.36.1"
                application.process.id = "3405"
                application.process.user = "bobo"
                application.process.host = "bobo-L450"
                application.process.binary = "gnome-control-center"
                application.language = "en_US.UTF-8"
                window.x11.display = ":0"
                application.process.machine_id = 
"eb257e4a9baa435b98e3417af120fbe0"
                module-stream-restore.id = 
"source-output-by-application-id:org.gnome.VolumeControl"
0 cache entrie(s) available. 

I'm getting this message for "sudo lspci -vv | grep -i audio"

"00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation 82801I (ICH9 Family) HD Audio 
Controller (rev 03)
        Subsystem: Toshiba Corporation 82801I (ICH9 Family) HD Audio Controller
pcilib: sysfs_read_vpd: read failed: Input/output error".

Also if at any interest the result of "aplay --list-devices":

**** List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices ****
card 0: Intel [HDA Intel], device 0: ALC272 Analog [ALC272 Analog]
  Subdevices: 1/1
  Subdevice #0: subdevice #0

The results for "lsmod | grep snd_hda_intel"

snd_hda_intel          53248  1
snd_intel_dspcfg       24576  1 snd_hda_intel
snd_hda_codec         131072  3 
snd_hda_codec_generic,snd_hda_intel,snd_hda_codec_realtek
snd_hda_core           90112  4 
snd_hda_codec_generic,snd_hda_intel,snd_hda_codec,snd_hda_codec_realtek
snd_pcm               106496  3 snd_hda_intel,snd_hda_codec,snd_hda_core
snd                    90112  12 
snd_hda_codec_generic,snd_seq,snd_seq_device,snd_hwdep,snd_hda_intel,snd_hda_codec,snd_hda_codec_realtek,snd_timer,snd_pcm,snd_rawmidi

The result for dmesg |grep snd

[   17.862467] snd_hda_codec_realtek hdaudioC0D0: autoconfig for ALC272: 
line_outs=1 (0x14/0x0/0x0/0x0/0x0) type:speaker
[   17.862471] snd_hda_codec_realtek hdaudioC0D0:    speaker_outs=0 
(0x0/0x0/0x0/0x0/0x0)
[   17.862473] snd_hda_codec_realtek hdaudioC0D0:    hp_outs=1 
(0x21/0x0/0x0/0x0/0x0)
[   17.862475] snd_hda_codec_realtek hdaudioC0D0:    mono: mono_out=0x0
[   17.862476] snd_hda_codec_realtek hdaudioC0D0:    inputs:
[   17.862479] snd_hda_codec_realtek hdaudioC0D0:      Internal Mic=0x19
[   17.862481] snd_hda_codec_realtek hdaudioC0D0:      Mic=0x18


I don't know what else to try.


** Attachment added: "pulseaudio"
   
https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/linux/+bug/1875252/+attachment/5365724/+files/pulseaudio

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https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/1875252

Title:
  Ubuntu 20.04 LTS update causing no sound coming from built-in speakers

Status in linux package in Ubuntu:
  Confirmed

Bug description:
  After updating to Ubuntu 20.04 LTS, the only way of hearing audio is
  through headphones. The sound settings tab doesn't even show any other
  output option other than "Dummy output" . I have already checked other
  versions and everything works perfectly when I downgrade to Ubuntu
  19.10, so I think this is a version related bug. Just to reiterate my
  laptop is a DELL Inspiron 14 3420.The sound card showing in alsamixer
  window is HDA Intel PCH, and the chip is Cirrus Logic CS4213. I have
  looked up solutions online for 2 days and none has worked.

  ProblemType: Bug
  DistroRelease: Ubuntu 20.04
  Package: linux-image-5.4.0-26-generic 5.4.0-26.30
  ProcVersionSignature: Ubuntu 5.4.0-26.30-generic 5.4.30
  Uname: Linux 5.4.0-26-generic x86_64
  ApportVersion: 2.20.11-0ubuntu27
  Architecture: amd64
  AudioDevicesInUse:
   USER        PID ACCESS COMMAND
   /dev/snd/controlC0:  george     1499 F.... pulseaudio
  CasperMD5CheckResult: skip
  CurrentDesktop: ubuntu:GNOME
  Date: Sun Apr 26 19:04:06 2020
  InstallationDate: Installed on 2020-04-26 (0 days ago)
  InstallationMedia: Ubuntu 19.10 "Eoan Ermine" - Release amd64 (20191017)
  MachineType: Dell Inc. Inspiron 3420
  ProcFB: 0 i915drmfb
  ProcKernelCmdLine: BOOT_IMAGE=/boot/vmlinuz-5.4.0-26-generic 
root=UUID=ec9a2552-c1da-44bd-9967-5be8bc6da075 ro quiet splash vt.handoff=7
  RelatedPackageVersions:
   linux-restricted-modules-5.4.0-26-generic N/A
   linux-backports-modules-5.4.0-26-generic  N/A
   linux-firmware                            1.187
  RfKill:
   0: phy0: Wireless LAN
        Soft blocked: no
        Hard blocked: no
  SourcePackage: linux
  UpgradeStatus: Upgraded to focal on 2020-04-26 (0 days ago)
  dmi.bios.date: 09/28/2012
  dmi.bios.vendor: Dell Inc.
  dmi.bios.version: A05
  dmi.board.name: 04XGDT
  dmi.board.vendor: Dell Inc.
  dmi.board.version: A05
  dmi.chassis.type: 8
  dmi.chassis.vendor: Dell Inc.
  dmi.chassis.version: Not Specified
  dmi.modalias: 
dmi:bvnDellInc.:bvrA05:bd09/28/2012:svnDellInc.:pnInspiron3420:pvrNotSpecified:rvnDellInc.:rn04XGDT:rvrA05:cvnDellInc.:ct8:cvrNotSpecified:
  dmi.product.name: Inspiron 3420
  dmi.product.sku: To be filled by O.E.M.
  dmi.product.version: Not Specified
  dmi.sys.vendor: Dell Inc.

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