Bravo!
It works! Blessed be you!
I had tried : (changing the name module to hello.c and of executable to hello - I had seen before a
recommendion not to use "test" as an executable in linux and I am aware of it)
gcc -static -nostdlib hello.c /usr/lib/crt1.o /usr/lib/crti.o \ /usr/lib/crtn.o \ /usr/lib/gcc-lib/i386-redhat-linux/3.2.2/crtbegin.o \ /usr/lib/gcc-lib/i386-redhat-linux/3.2.2/crtend.o \ -L/usr/lib -lc -lc_nonshared -lgcc -o hello
the build succeeded.
Now I can run ./hello , and the "hello world" is printed;
As a secondary goal,I am trying to link it without the -static flag ; but this
is of less importance. I will let you know if I succeed.
I saw somewhere that it is not recommeded to linking programs statically to glibc ;
Howevere , for me it is OK to use linking statically since using the new glibc is done only for learning the glibc puropse.
in you're ps mail you said:
according to 'linux from scratch', glibc comes with a test suite. did you run it at all? did you try to see how it compiles its own test programs? that probably has a rather complete answer...
I had tried "make check" and as I remeber (It was abour 10 days ago) it was OK. Also I read part of LinuxFromScratch and add some tries according to it.
LinuxFromScratch seems to be for a wider context, really installing everything from scratch.
section 6.12 of it ( Installing Glibc-2.3.2) deals with this.
The bottom line was I had a core dump. It MIGHT been caused because
of the LD_PRELOAD or -Wl,-dynamic-linker flags I had used. But this is less important now.
Thanks!
Regards. Amir
From: guy keren <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> To: Amir Binyamini <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> CC: linux-il@linux.org.il Subject: Re: A second glibc on Linux Date: Wed, 30 Mar 2005 01:04:59 +0200 (IST)
On Tue, 29 Mar 2005, Amir Binyamini wrote:
> I do not have , under/usr/lib/gcc-lib/, a crt1.o (also not a symlink to > /usr/lib). > So I used the /usr/lib/crt1.o.
this is exactly what i wrote ('strace' told me this short path in its old twisted way ;) )
> I use gcc (GCC) 3.2.2on Red Hat 9 ; the new glibc libs I had built is in > /work/myglibc/lib > when trying, as I understoof from your suggestion,to compile with > gcc -static-nostdlib -L/work/myglibc/lib -lc /usr/lib/crt1.o test.c -o > test > I got: > usr/lib/crt1.o(.text+0xc): In function `_start': > ../sysdeps/i386/elf/start.S:71: undefined reference to `__libc_csu_fini' > /usr/lib/crt1.o(.text+0x11):../sysdeps/i386/elf/start.S:72: undefined > reference > to `__libc_csu_init' > /usr/lib/crt1.o(.text+0x1d):../sysdeps/i386/elf/start.S:81: undefined > reference > to `__libc_start_main' > collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
ok, this is a start...
> Probing and Googling a bit showed that maybe it should get these symbol from
> libc_nonshared , so I tried
> gcc -static-nostdlib -L/work/myglibc/lib -lc -lc_nonshared /usr/lib/crt1.o
> test.c
ah, getting even better...
> and (strangely) got the same error.
1. never ever ever specify link flags before specifying the list of object files. don't ask me why - perhaps this is just a habbit.
2. it looks like there's a need to add '-lgcc' after '-lc_nonshared', gcc being libgcc.a found in your compiler's directory.
3. to /usr/lib/crt1.o there's a need to add /usr/lib/crti.o, and for /usr/lib/crtn.o .
4. gcc itself (at least my very old version) also links files named 'crtbegin.o' and 'crtend.o' - no idea what they are for - perhaps to initialize things related to global functoins in libgcc...
and i'm having the easy life - i'm just trying to get gcc -static --nostdinc to work with the same glibc that i have on my system.
so, give a try(*) with these extras, and see what gives:
gcc -static -nostdlib test.c /usr/lib/crt1.o /usr/lib/crti.o \ /usr/lib/crtn.o \ /usr/lib/gcc-lib/i386-redhat-linux/2.96/crtbegin.o \ /usr/lib/gcc-lib/i386-redhat-linux/2.96/crtend.o \ -L/usr/lib -lc -lc_nonshared -lgcc -o test
(*) NOTE: replace /usr/lib/gcc-lib/i386-redhat-linux/2.96 to the matching path of the gcc library on your machine.
by the way, you chose a dangerous name, 'test' - i assume you're running it as './test', to make sure what runs is your binary, and not /usr/bin/test (i'm writing this mostly for the sake of other readers, who might try doing your little stun in the future based on a logging of this thread :0 ).
-- guy
"For world domination - press 1, or dial 0, and please hold, for the creator." -- nob o. dy
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