On Fri, Mar 31, 2017 at 12:32 PM, Tommi Rantala
<tommi.t.rant...@nokia.com> wrote:
> On 31.03.2017 21:26, Linus Torvalds wrote:
>>
>> Hmm. Thinking more about this, we do allow access to the first 1MB of
>> physical memory unconditionally (see devmem_is_allowed() in
>> arch/x86/mm/init.c). And I think we only _reserve_ the first 64kB or
>> something. So I guess even STRICT_DEVMEM isn't actually all that
>> strict.
>>
>> So this should be visible even *with* STRICT_DEVMEM.
>>
>> Does a simple
>>
>> sudo dd if=/dev/mem of=/dev/null bs=4096 count=256
>>
>> also show the same issue? Maybe regardless of STRICT_DEVMEM?
>
>
> Yep, it is enough to trigger the bug.
>
> Also crashes with the fedora kernel that has STRICT_DEVMEM:
>
> $ sudo dd if=/dev/mem of=/dev/null bs=4096 count=256
> Segmentation fault
>
> [ 73.224025] usercopy: kernel memory exposure attempt detected from
> ffff893a80059000 (dma-kmalloc-16) (4096 bytes)
> [ 73.224049] ------------[ cut here ]------------
> [ 73.224056] kernel BUG at mm/usercopy.c:75!
> [ 73.224060] invalid opcode: 0000 [#1] SMP
> [ 73.224237] CPU: 5 PID: 2860 Comm: dd Not tainted 4.9.14-200.fc25.x86_64
> #1
As root, what does dumping /proc/iomem show you?
For one of my systems, I see something like this:
00000000-00000fff : reserved
00001000-0008efff : System RAM
0008f000-0008ffff : reserved
00090000-0009f7ff : System RAM
0009f800-0009ffff : reserved
000a0000-000bffff : PCI Bus 0000:00
000c0000-000c7fff : Video ROM
000e0000-000fffff : reserved
000e0000-000effff : PCI Bus 0000:00
000f0000-000fffff : System ROM
00100000-cdee6fff : System RAM
cbc00000-cc49a653 : Kernel code
cc49a654-ccb661bf : Kernel data
cccf3000-cce30fff : Kernel bss
...
I note that there are two "System RAM" areas below 0x100000. In
arch/x86/mm/init.c, devmem_is_allowed() says:
/*
* devmem_is_allowed() checks to see if /dev/mem access to a certain address
* is valid. The argument is a physical page number.
*
*
* On x86, access has to be given to the first megabyte of ram because that area
* contains BIOS code and data regions used by X and dosemu and similar apps.
* Access has to be given to non-kernel-ram areas as well, these contain the PCI
* mmio resources as well as potential bios/acpi data regions.
*/
int devmem_is_allowed(unsigned long pagenr)
{
if (pagenr < 256)
return 1;
if (iomem_is_exclusive(pagenr << PAGE_SHIFT))
return 0;
if (!page_is_ram(pagenr))
return 1;
return 0;
}
This means that it allows reads into even System RAM below 0x100000,
but I think that's a mistake. Shouldn't BIOS code and data regions
already be marked as "reserved", as seen in my /proc/iomem output? I
feel like the "pagenr < 256" exception should be dropped, but I don't
know all the minor details on the history here.
When I remove this exception, x86info blows up for me ("error reading
EBDA pointer").
So, my question is: are there actually BIOS code/data in memory areas
marked as System RAM? If so, what normally keeps them from being used
for kernel memory? If not, then I assume x86info is wrong?
Dave, you implied the latter, but I wanted to make sure this is
actually true? (And if so, we need to do something like what Linus
suggested to return zeros to keep old x86info "happy" -- would that
keep it happy?)
-Kees
--
Kees Cook
Pixel Security
