Hi Chanwoo, On Thu, Jul 12, 2018 at 06:08:36PM +0900, Chanwoo Choi wrote: > Hi Matthias, > > On 2018년 07월 07일 03:09, Matthias Kaehlcke wrote: > > Hi, > > > > On Wed, Jul 04, 2018 at 02:30:32PM +0900, Chanwoo Choi wrote: > > > >> I didn't see any framework which exporting the class instance. > >> It is very dangerous. Unknown device drivers is able to reset > >> the 'devfreq_class' instance. I can't agree this approach. > > > > While I agree that it is potential dangerous it is actually a common > > practice to export the class: > > > > I tried to find the real usage of exported class instance > and I add the comment for each class instance. Almost exported class > instance are used in the their own director or some exported class > like rio_mport_class/switchtec_class are created from specific device driver > instead of subsystem. > > Only following two cases are used on outside of subsystem directory. > devtmpfs.c and alarmtimer.c are core feature of linux kernel. > > drivers/base/devtmpfs.c uses 'block_class'. > kernel/time/alarmtimer.c uses 'rtc_class'. > > I cannot yet agree this approach due to only block_class and rtc_class.
I thought your main concern was that the class is exported, which is what several other subsystems do. That the class isn't used outside of the subsystem directory most likely means that there is no need for it, rather than that it shouldn't be done at all (depending on the type of use of course). In any case not exporting the class object provides a limited protection against potential abuse of the class at best. To use the class API all that is needed is a 'struct device' of a devfreq device, which has a pointer to the class object (dev->class). Theoretically I could register a fake devfreq device to obtain access to the class object, though that doesn't seem a very neat approach ;-) > You added the following comment why devfreq_class instance is necessary. > Actullay, I don't know the best solution right now. But, all device drivers > can be added or removed if driver uses the module type. It is not a problem > for only devfreq instance. Certainly it's not a problem limited to devfreq devices. In many other cases bus notifiers can be used, but since devfreq devices areen't tied to a specific bus this is not an option here. If you really don't want to export the class we could add wrappers for (un)registering a class interface: int devfreq_class_interface_register(struct class_interface *) void devfreq_class_interface_unregister(struct class_interface *) The wrappers would have to assign ci->class since the throttler can't see the class object. Or add notifiers for device addition/removal, though the throttler relies on the behavior of the class_interface which also notifies about devices added before registration. This might not be what other potential users of the notifiers expect. Thanks Matthias > /* > + * devfreq devices can be added and removed at runtime, hence they > + * must also be handled dynamically. The class_interface notifies us > + * whenever a device is added or removed. When the interface is > + * registered ci->add_dev() is called for all existing devfreq > + * devices. > */ > > > > grep "extern struct class " include/linux/ -R > > include/linux/rio.h:extern struct class rio_mport_class; > rio_mport_class is created on drivers/rapidio/rio-drivers.c. > It means that just device driver create the 'rio_mport_class' class > instead of any linux kernel subsystem. > > > include/linux/tty.h:extern struct class *tty_class; > tty_class is not used on outside of drivers/tty > > > include/linux/fb.h:extern struct class *fb_class; > fb_class is not used on outside of drivers/video/fbdev > > > include/linux/ide.h:extern struct class *ide_port_class; > ide_port_class is not used on outside of drivers/ide. > > > include/linux/device.h:extern struct class * __must_check > > __class_create(struct module *owner, > > > include/linux/devfreq.h:extern struct class *devfreq_class; > not yet > > > include/linux/switchtec.h:extern struct class *switchtec_class; > switchtec_class is created on drivers/pci/switch/switchtec.c > and then switchtec_class is only used on > drivers/ntb/hw/mscc/ntb_hw_switchtec.c. > It is not subsystem. Just switchtec.c device driver makes the their own class. > > > include/linux/input.h:extern struct class input_class; > input_class is not used on outside of drivers/input. > > > include/linux/power_supply.h:extern struct class *power_supply_class; > power_supply_class is not used on outside of drivers/power/supply. > > > > include/linux/genhd.h:extern struct class block_class; > drivers/base/devtmpfs.c uses 'block_class'. > > > include/linux/rtc.h:extern struct class *rtc_class; > kernel/time/alarmtimer.c uses 'rtc_class'. > > > > > struct class_interface and class_interface_register() would be > > pointless without exported classes. > > > > My understanding is that the kernel is often lax on encapsulation and > > exposes private/delicate data pragmatically within the kernel when > > needed because "the kernel trusts itself".
