>OSX has multiple levels of user permissions.   Think of the OS as a >tree.  
>The "root" is, well, the roots of the tree.  Some actions can >only be taken 
>at the "root" level.  The root user has complete root >access.

You mean the system kernel? Linux,Mac and Unix has this but not windows.

>There is only one "root" user and this user does not exist by >default.  Every 
>"admin" user has access to root powers, but only >indirectly and only if the 
>root does not exist.  For the root to >exist, you have to "enable" it.  Think 
>of the root user a potential >single point of ultimate authority.  Once the 
>root user is enabled, >the root can override anything and nothing can override 
>the root. 


Why does windows not use this but Linux,Mac and Unix do?

>Most users don't know about the root user because normal use of the >OSX does 
>not require root access.  Even "power users" never resort >to enabling or 
>logging in as a root user.   There is a command-line >function ("sudo") that 
>provides "super-user" access at the command >line without enabling the root 
>user.

Is this some thing Linux,Mac and Unix  set up to make it more secure this way 
than windows that is full admin by default.


>In roughly 15 years administering Macs, I have logged in as root >twice to 
>"crack" an admin user on systems where the admin password >was lost.  Even in 
>those cases I'm not sure that operating as the >root user was necessary. ;)

Do you not need a passward for root ?


>I believe there are two reasons to enable the root.  One is to >secure the 
>system at the deepest level. The other is to operate >directly on the OS 
>itself with total authority without resorting to >work arounds such as the 
>sudo command.  







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