To the LXD Developer team... Thought this would be good for all of you to see if you hadn't already.
*USENIX - NSDI '19 video: https://www.usenix.org/conference/nsdi19/presentation/zhuo <https://www.usenix.org/conference/nsdi19/presentation/zhuo>* *Title: Slim: OS Kernel Support for a Low-Overhead Container Overlay Network* *Authors:* - Danyang Zhuo and Kaiyuan Zhang, University of Washington; - Yibo Zhu, Microsoft and Bytedance; - Hongqiang Harry Liu, Alibaba; - Matthew Rockett, Arvind Krishnamurthy, and Thomas Anderson, University of Washington *Abstract:* Containers have become the de facto method for hosting large-scale distributed applications. Container overlay networks are essential to providing portability for containers, yet they impose significant overhead in terms of throughput, latency, and CPU utilization. The key problem is a reliance on packet transformation to implement network virtualization. As a result, each packet has to traverse the network stack twice in both the sender and the receiver’s host OS kernel. *We have designed and implemented Slim, a low-overhead container overlay network that implements network virtualization by manipulating connection-level metadata.* Our solution maintains compatibility with today’s containerized applications. Evaluation results show that Slim improves the throughput of an in-memory key-value store by 66% while reducing the latency by 42%. Slim reduces the CPU utilization of the in-memory key-value store by 54%. Slim also reduces the CPU utilization of a web server by 28%-40%, a database server by 25%, and a stream processing framework by 11%. The source code for SLIM is on GitHub here: <https://github.com/danyangz/slim> *Slim: OS Kernel Support for a Low-Overhead Container Overlay Network <https://github.com/danyangz/slim>* Brian Mullan Raleigh North Carolina USA
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