> On Feb 25, 2026, at 06:51, hari kumar via groups.io 
> <[email protected]> wrote:
> 
> Yes  FWIW I agree overall with this view. In fact one thing I remarked on the 
> book is remarkable reluctance to do a frontal attack on M and E. It is alwasy 
> in a sideways assault. But I am only about over a half thru’.
> I find it a fast read actually. But maybe as I am focused on trying to pick 
> out pieces to cite or refute.

I kept following the footnotes and doing too much background reading. As my 
summer reading turned into fall reading, I stopped chasing down questions such 
as their claim that some Amerindians would traverse the length of the 
continent, and that travel through the territories of other tribes and nations 
was somehow facilitated by clan culture. 

>  
> I don't know how familiar people here interested in this sort of thing know 
> about Charles Woolfson: “The Labour Theory of Culture: A re-examination of 
> Engels’s Theory of Human Origins”; London 1982. I have read this repeatedly 
> over and over agin since ca 1990 when I got it. I can highly recommend it to 
> anyone who still is influenced by the Althusser-Lukacian line that Engels did 
> not know much and anyway distorted science etc etc… way.

I haven't read much from Althusser or Lukacs and don't think I've been infected 
by their perspectives. Except maybe on dialectics: Lukacs and others held that 
dialectics applied only to human history and not to the rest of nature as 
Engels believed. So, for a long time, I suffered from an ambiguity on 
dialectics, but I'm much better now.

https://archive.org/details/LabourTheoryOfCultureRoutleCharlesWoolfson/mode/2up
The Labour Theory of Culture: A Re-Examination of Engel's Theory of Human 
Origins : Free Download, Borrow, and Streaming : Internet Archive
archive.org

Woolfson's book looks like a must read on this topic. I think Graeber and 
Wengrow completely reject Engels. But as you wrote, Hari, they do it sidewise. 
More of an insinuation or a smear than an argument. But I believe what G&W 
wrote about the great diversity in structures and practices of pre-historical 
human foraging and farming cultures. There generally has been no necessary 
progression of social relations and productive forces, or commonality of social 
structures across different societies until very late in human history; G&W 
noted that some human cultures transitioned from settled farming to foraging as 
well as vice versa. They had a chapter on hybrid farming/foraging cultures 
IIRC. I think they argued against Engels and Marx on whether human history 
proceeded in stages: Each stage was defined by a mode of production determined 
by a set of productive relations and forces. That is the argument (or straw 
man) that Graeber and Wengrow seemed to attack - sideways. 

I don't think that Marx or Engels would rule out a great diversity in human 
societies that forage or farm. I do think that they were right in that many of 
those human societies were communal in property ownership up to and including 
their own time (e.g. communal land ownership in Palestine up to the 20th 
century). 

Mark

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