Here are the pictures:

Wear on armature and spacer: http://penoff.com/photo_dump.html#2

Planetary gear set (in a plastic housing, I might add): 
http://penoff.com/photo_dump.html#3

Amazing how powerful these starters are, but also how cheaply they’re made, too.

-D

On Apr 16, 2023, at 3:00 PM, G Mann via Mercedes 
<mercedes@okiebenz.com<mailto:mercedes@okiebenz.com>> wrote:

Thanks !!
I have an ongoing interest in how and why things fail.
Since it was identified as a "rebuilt starter" it seems likely the
rebuilder failed to install the required fiber washer to keep the armature
from doing exactly what that one did... perhaps..
Or, the bendix seized on the shaft and instead of traveling to engage,
pushed the armature forward... ??
"If it can happen, it will, but only when you least expect it."

On Sun, Apr 16, 2023 at 10:51 AM dan penoff.com<http://penoff.com> via Mercedes 
<
mercedes@okiebenz.com<mailto:mercedes@okiebenz.com>> wrote:

Because Grant put the idea in my head to do some failure analysis, I had a
couple of minutes to spare so I tore into the failed starter. I’l post some
pictures in a little bit, but suffice to say I was surprised!

It does have a planetary gear set that’s internal, which was pretty cool.
Based on what I saw, the front edge of the armature windings were rubbing
against a metal spacer or cover between the armature and the planetary
gears. So much wear that the varnish was worn off the windings, meaning
they were shorting out. I couldn’t determine what had caused the end play
in the armature to allow it to move against this plate, but it’s clear that
was not a good thing.

I couldn’t get the solenoid off of the main casting, as the phillips head
screws they used were driven in with an impact or may have had thread
locking compound on them. I’m pretty satisfied that the armature was
shorting to ground, causing enough of a voltage drop that the solenoid
wouldn’t pull in, letting the motor freewheel with the armature rubbing the
metal plate, which was the source of the noise I was hearing.

-D
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