I guess it boils down to a matter of preference and business requirements. "slow writes" vs "no writes".
-----Original Message----- From: Strahil Nikolov <hunter86...@yahoo.com> Sent: Friday, 12 June 2020 12:08 AM To: Dirk Coetzee <d...@best-it.tech>; Joe Barnett <joe.barn...@mr72.com>; Vertigo Altair <vertigo.alt...@gmail.com> Cc: Misc <misc@openbsd.org> Subject: Re: OpenBSD Readonly File System I always thought that 'sync' mount option is enough to avoid corruption of the FS. Am I just "fooling" myself ? Best Regards, Strahil Nikolov На 10 юни 2020 г. 7:46:48 GMT+03:00, Dirk Coetzee <d...@best-it.tech> написа: >I have been in a similar situation of power being unreliable and no >UPS, so I sympathize. > >This is how I have achieved RO filesystem (default partitions) > >1. Add to /etc/fstab > swap /dev mfs rw,-P=/dev,-s=32m 0 0 > >2. Create RO Script > #!/bin/sh > > UP=$(( $(date +%s) - $(sysctl -n kern.boottime) )) ## Date in >Seconds subtracted from OS boot time > > if [ $UP -lt 3600 ]; then ## > If less than 1 hour - >leave system as is. No modification of FS. You can add crontab for this >script to run every hour. > exit 1 > else > mount -uvr / > mount -uvr /usr > mount -uvr /usr/X11R6 > mount -uvr /usr/local > mount -uvr /usr/obj > mount -uvr /usr/src > fi > > exit 1 > > >Obviously this is a last resort. Default partitions, etc should remain >as devs intended. The Developers also assume a work (RW) filesystem. > >I have a RW script that I run before doing sysupgrade / syspatch etc. >Also make the Filesystems RW before rebooting. > > > > >-----Original Message----- >From: owner-m...@openbsd.org <owner-m...@openbsd.org> On Behalf Of Joe >Barnett >Sent: Wednesday, 10 June 2020 8:02 AM >To: Vertigo Altair <vertigo.alt...@gmail.com> >Cc: Misc <misc@openbsd.org> >Subject: Re: OpenBSD Readonly File System > >On 2020-06-09 00:59, Vertigo Altair wrote: >> Hi Misc, >> I have a firewall device and I'm using OpenBSD on it. There is an >> electricity problem where the device runs. Therefore, I have to run >> the "fsck -y" command regularly at startup due to the electricity >problem. >> To >> overcome this, I want to use readonly file system. >> I know there are some projects like "resflash", but I want to do >that >> manually. > >I have hacked and slashed my way to this kind of configuration for my >firewall/gateway and a few other machines -- and with what appears to >be good results. Please understand this is almost certainly not >supported by the project. I have outlined this at the following URL: > >https://www.mr72.com/readonlyfs.html > >I hope this helps. Any feedback will be greatly appreciated. > >Good luck! > >Joe > >> My partitions like this; >> >> vertigo# df -h >> Filesystem Size Used Avail Capacity Mounted on >> /dev/sd0a 3.9G 489M 3.2G 13% / >> /dev/sd0g 91.8G 1.0G 86.2G 1% /mypartition >> /dev/sd0d 989M 12.0K 940M 0% /tmp >> /dev/sd0f 3.9G 1.7G 2.0G 46% /usr >> /dev/sd0e 3.9G 46.9M 3.6G 1% /var >> >> I want to / and /usr as readonly, I updated /etc/fstab and I made / >> and /usr readonly; >> >> vertigo# cat /etc/fstab >> ec347fefe8d05509.b none swap sw >> ec347fefe8d05509.a / ffs ro 1 1 >> ec347fefe8d05509.g /mypartition ffs rw,nodev,nosuid 1 2 >> ec347fefe8d05509.d /tmp ffs rw,nodev,nosuid 1 2 ec347fefe8d05509.f >> /usr ffs ro,wxallowed,nodev 1 2 ec347fefe8d05509.e /var ffs >> rw,nodev,nosuid 1 2 >> >> >> On startup following errors comming from /etc/rc; I think errors >about >> /etc/motd are not so important, but are the errors coming from >> /etc/tty* >> can cause any problems? If my method is not correct, what is the best > >> way to do this? >> >>>> OpenBSD/amd64 BOOTX64 3.50 >> boot> >> booting hd0a:/bsd: 12957000+2753552+327712+0+708608 >> [807408+128+1024872+749630]=0x1271a18 >> entry point at 0x1001000 >> [ using 2583064 bytes of bsd ELF symbol table ] Copyright (c) 1982, >> 1986, 1989, 1991, 1993 >> The Regents of the University of California. All rights >> reserved. >> Copyright (c) 1995-2020 OpenBSD. All rights reserved. >> https://www.OpenBSD.org >> >> OpenBSD 6.7 (GENERIC.MP) #2: Thu Jun 4 09:55:08 MDT 2020 >> >> >r...@syspatch-67-amd64.openbsd.org:/usr/src/sys/arch/amd64/compile/GEN >> ERIC.MP >> real mem = 4151607296 (3959MB) >> avail mem = 4013170688 (3827MB) >> mpath0 at root >> scsibus0 at mpath0: 256 targets >> mainbus0 at root >> bios0 at mainbus0: SMBIOS rev. 2.8 @ 0xebf10 (14 entries) >> bios0: vendor American Megatrends Inc. version "BAR3NA05" date >> 07/23/2018 >> bios0: NF533 NF533 >> acpi0 at bios0: ACPI 5.0 >> acpi0: sleep states S0 S3 S4 S5 >> acpi0: tables DSDT FACP APIC FPDT FIDT MCFG LPIT HPET SSDT SSDT SSDT >> UEFI >> acpi0: wakeup devices XHC1(S4) PXSX(S4) PXSX(S4) PXSX(S4) PXSX(S4) >> acpitimer0 at acpi0: 3579545 Hz, 24 bits >> acpimadt0 at acpi0 addr 0xfee00000: PC-AT compat >> cpu0 at mainbus0: apid 0 (boot processor) >> cpu0: Intel(R) Celeron(R) CPU J1900 @ 1.99GHz, 2000.37 MHz, 06-37-09 >> cpu0: >> >FPU,VME,DE,PSE,TSC,MSR,PAE,MCE,CX8,APIC,SEP,MTRR,PGE,MCA,CMOV,PAT,PSE3 >> >6,CFLUSH,DS,ACPI,MMX,FXSR,SSE,SSE2,SS,HTT,TM,PBE,SSE3,PCLMUL,DTES64,MW >> >AIT,DS-CPL,VMX,EST,TM2,SSSE3,CX16,xTPR,PDCM,SSE4.1,SSE4.2,MOVBE,POPCNT >> >,DEADLINE,RDRAND,NXE,RDTSCP,LONG,LAHF,3DNOWP,PERF,ITSC,TSC_ADJUST,SMEP >> ,ERMS,MD_CLEAR,IBRS,IBPB,STIBP,SENSOR,ARAT,MELTDOWN >> cpu0: 1MB 64b/line 16-way L2 cache >> cpu0: smt 0, core 0, package 0 >> mtrr: Pentium Pro MTRR support, 8 var ranges, 88 fixed ranges >> cpu0: apic clock running at 83MHz >> cpu0: mwait min=64, max=64, C-substates=0.2.0.0.0.0.3.3, IBE >> cpu1 at mainbus0: apid 2 (application processor) >> cpu1: Intel(R) Celeron(R) CPU J1900 @ 1.99GHz, 2000.01 MHz, 06-37-09 >> cpu1: >> >FPU,VME,DE,PSE,TSC,MSR,PAE,MCE,CX8,APIC,SEP,MTRR,PGE,MCA,CMOV,PAT,PSE3 >> >6,CFLUSH,DS,ACPI,MMX,FXSR,SSE,SSE2,SS,HTT,TM,PBE,SSE3,PCLMUL,DTES64,MW >> >AIT,DS-CPL,VMX,EST,TM2,SSSE3,CX16,xTPR,PDCM,SSE4.1,SSE4.2,MOVBE,POPCNT >> >,DEADLINE,RDRAND,NXE,RDTSCP,LONG,LAHF,3DNOWP,PERF,ITSC,TSC_ADJUST,SMEP >> ,ERMS,MD_CLEAR,IBRS,IBPB,STIBP,SENSOR,ARAT,MELTDOWN >> cpu1: 1MB 64b/line 16-way L2 cache >> cpu1: smt 0, core 1, package 0 >> cpu2 at mainbus0: apid 4 (application processor) >> cpu2: Intel(R) Celeron(R) CPU J1900 @ 1.99GHz, 2000.03 MHz, 06-37-09 >> cpu2: >> >FPU,VME,DE,PSE,TSC,MSR,PAE,MCE,CX8,APIC,SEP,MTRR,PGE,MCA,CMOV,PAT,PSE3 >> >6,CFLUSH,DS,ACPI,MMX,FXSR,SSE,SSE2,SS,HTT,TM,PBE,SSE3,PCLMUL,DTES64,MW >> >AIT,DS-CPL,VMX,EST,TM2,SSSE3,CX16,xTPR,PDCM,SSE4.1,SSE4.2,MOVBE,POPCNT >> >,DEADLINE,RDRAND,NXE,RDTSCP,LONG,LAHF,3DNOWP,PERF,ITSC,TSC_ADJUST,SMEP >> ,ERMS,MD_CLEAR,IBRS,IBPB,STIBP,SENSOR,ARAT,MELTDOWN >> cpu2: 1MB 64b/line 16-way L2 cache >> cpu2: smt 0, core 2, package 0 >> cpu3 at mainbus0: apid 6 (application processor) >> cpu3: Intel(R) Celeron(R) CPU J1900 @ 1.99GHz, 2000.01 MHz, 06-37-09 >> cpu3: >> >FPU,VME,DE,PSE,TSC,MSR,PAE,MCE,CX8,APIC,SEP,MTRR,PGE,MCA,CMOV,PAT,PSE3 >> >6,CFLUSH,DS,ACPI,MMX,FXSR,SSE,SSE2,SS,HTT,TM,PBE,SSE3,PCLMUL,DTES64,MW >> >AIT,DS-CPL,VMX,EST,TM2,SSSE3,CX16,xTPR,PDCM,SSE4.1,SSE4.2,MOVBE,POPCNT >> >,DEADLINE,RDRAND,NXE,RDTSCP,LONG,LAHF,3DNOWP,PERF,ITSC,TSC_ADJUST,SMEP >> ,ERMS,MD_CLEAR,IBRS,IBPB,STIBP,SENSOR,ARAT,MELTDOWN >> cpu3: 1MB 64b/line 16-way L2 cache >> cpu3: smt 0, core 3, package 0 >> ioapic0 at mainbus0: apid 1 pa 0xfec00000, version 20, 87 pins >> acpimcfg0 at acpi0 >> acpimcfg0: addr 0xe0000000, bus 0-255 >> acpihpet0 at acpi0: 14318179 Hz >> acpiprt0 at acpi0: bus 0 (PCI0) >> acpiprt1 at acpi0: bus 1 (RP01) >> acpiprt2 at acpi0: bus 7 (RP02) >> acpiprt3 at acpi0: bus 8 (RP03) >> acpiprt4 at acpi0: bus 9 (RP04) >> acpiec0 at acpi0: not present >> acpicpu0 at acpi0: C2(10@500 mwait.1@0x58), C1(1000@1 mwait.1), PSS >> acpicpu1 at acpi0: C2(10@500 mwait.1@0x58), C1(1000@1 mwait.1), PSS >> acpicpu2 at acpi0: C2(10@500 mwait.1@0x58), C1(1000@1 mwait.1), PSS >> acpicpu3 at acpi0: C2(10@500 mwait.1@0x58), C1(1000@1 mwait.1), PSS >> acpipwrres0 at acpi0: PLPE >> acpipwrres1 at acpi0: PLPE >> acpipwrres2 at acpi0: USBC, resource for EHC1, OTG1 >> acpitz0 at acpi0: critical temperature is 127 degC >> acpicmos0 at acpi0 >> acpipci0 at acpi0 PCI0: 0x00000010 0x00000011 0x00000000 "DMA0F28" at > >> acpi0 not configured >> acpibtn0 at acpi0: PWRB >> acpibtn1 at acpi0: SLPB >> acpivideo0 at acpi0: GFX0 >> cpu0: using VERW MDS workaround >> cpu0: Enhanced SpeedStep 2000 MHz: speeds: 1993, 1992, 1909, 1826, >> 1743, 1660, 1577, 1494, 1411, 1328 MHz >> pci0 at mainbus0 bus 0 >> pchb0 at pci0 dev 0 function 0 "Intel Bay Trail Host" rev 0x11 >> inteldrm0 at pci0 dev 2 function 0 "Intel Bay Trail Video" rev 0x11 >> drm0 at inteldrm0 >> inteldrm0: msi, VALLEYVIEW, gen 7 >> ahci0 at pci0 dev 19 function 0 "Intel Bay Trail AHCI" rev 0x11: msi, > >> AHCI 1.3 >> ahci0: port 0: 3.0Gb/s >> scsibus1 at ahci0: 32 targets >> sd0 at scsibus1 targ 0 lun 0: <ATA, KINGSTON SA400S3, SBFK> >> naa.50026b7782d3a666 >> sd0: 114473MB, 512 bytes/sector, 234441648 sectors, thin >> xhci0 at pci0 dev 20 function 0 "Intel Bay Trail xHCI" rev 0x11: msi, > >> xHCI 1.0 >> usb0 at xhci0: USB revision 3.0 >> uhub0 at usb0 configuration 1 interface 0 "Intel xHCI root hub" rev >> 3.00/1.00 addr 1 >> "Intel Bay Trail TXE" rev 0x11 at pci0 dev 26 function 0 not >> configured >> ppb0 at pci0 dev 28 function 0 "Intel Bay Trail PCIE" rev 0x11: msi >> pci1 at ppb0 bus 1 >> ppb1 at pci1 dev 0 function 0 "Pericom PI7C9X2G608GP PCIE" rev 0x00 >> pci2 at ppb1 bus 2 >> ppb2 at pci2 dev 1 function 0 "Pericom PI7C9X2G608GP PCIE" rev 0x00: >> msi >> pci3 at ppb2 bus 3 >> ppb3 at pci2 dev 2 function 0 "Pericom PI7C9X2G608GP PCIE" rev 0x00: >> msi >> pci4 at ppb3 bus 4 >> em0 at pci4 dev 0 function 0 "Intel I211" rev 0x03: msi, address >> 00:30:18:00:05:0f >> ppb4 at pci2 dev 3 function 0 "Pericom PI7C9X2G608GP PCIE" rev 0x00: >> msi >> pci5 at ppb4 bus 5 >> ppb5 at pci2 dev 4 function 0 "Pericom PI7C9X2G608GP PCIE" rev 0x00: >> msi >> pci6 at ppb5 bus 6 >> ppb6 at pci0 dev 28 function 1 "Intel Bay Trail PCIE" rev 0x11: msi >> pci7 at ppb6 bus 7 >> em1 at pci7 dev 0 function 0 "Intel I211" rev 0x03: msi, address >> 00:30:18:00:05:0c >> ppb7 at pci0 dev 28 function 2 "Intel Bay Trail PCIE" rev 0x11: msi >> pci8 at ppb7 bus 8 >> em2 at pci8 dev 0 function 0 "Intel I211" rev 0x03: msi, address >> 00:30:18:00:05:0d >> ppb8 at pci0 dev 28 function 3 "Intel Bay Trail PCIE" rev 0x11: msi >> pci9 at ppb8 bus 9 >> em3 at pci9 dev 0 function 0 "Intel I211" rev 0x03: msi, address >> 00:30:18:00:05:0e >> pcib0 at pci0 dev 31 function 0 "Intel Bay Trail LPC" rev 0x11 >> ichiic0 at pci0 dev 31 function 3 "Intel Bay Trail SMBus" rev 0x11: >> apic 1 int 18 >> iic0 at ichiic0 >> "eeprom" at iic0 addr 0x50 not configured >> isa0 at pcib0 >> isadma0 at isa0 >> com0 at isa0 port 0x3f8/8 irq 4: ns16550a, 16 byte fifo >> com0: console >> com1 at isa0 port 0x2f8/8 irq 3: ns16550a, 16 byte fifo >> pckbc0 at isa0 port 0x60/5 irq 1 irq 12 >> pckbd0 at pckbc0 (kbd slot) >> wskbd0 at pckbd0 mux 1 >> pcppi0 at isa0 port 0x61 >> spkr0 at pcppi0 >> vmm0 at mainbus0: VMX/EPT (using slow L1TF mitigation) efifb at >> mainbus0 not configured >> uhub0: device problem, disabling port 1 >> uhidev0 at uhub0 port 2 configuration 1 interface 0 " USB Keyboard" >> rev 1.10/2.50 addr 2 >> uhidev0: iclass 3/1 >> ukbd0 at uhidev0: 8 variable keys, 6 key codes >> wskbd1 at ukbd0 mux 1 >> uhidev1 at uhub0 port 2 configuration 1 interface 1 " USB Keyboard" >> rev 1.10/2.50 addr 2 >> uhidev1: iclass 3/0, 2 report ids >> uhid0 at uhidev1 reportid 1: input=1, output=0, feature=0 >> uhid1 at uhidev1 reportid 2: input=3, output=0, feature=0 >> uhub1 at uhub0 port 4 configuration 1 interface 0 "Genesys Logic >> USB2.0 Hub" rev 2.00/88.32 addr 3 >> vscsi0 at root >> scsibus2 at vscsi0: 256 targets >> softraid0 at root >> scsibus3 at softraid0: 256 targets >> root on sd0a (ec347fefe8d05509.a) swap on sd0b dump on sd0b >> inteldrm0: 1600x900, 32bpp >> wsdisplay0 at inteldrm0 mux 1 >> pckbd_enable: command error >> wskbd1: connecting to wsdisplay0 >> wsdisplay0: screen 0-5 added (std, vt100 emulation) Automatic boot in > >> progress: starting file system checks. >> /dev/sd0a (ec347fefe8d05509.a): file system is clean; not checking >> /dev/sd0g (ec347fefe8d05509.g): file system is clean; not checking >> /dev/sd0d (ec347fefe8d05509.d): file system is clean; not checking >> /dev/sd0f (ec347fefe8d05509.f): file system is clean; not checking >> /dev/sd0e (ec347fefe8d05509.e): file system is clean; not checking >> kbd: keyboard mapping set to tr >> net.inet.udp.recvspace: 41600 -> 262144 >> net.inet.udp.sendspace: 9216 -> 262144 >> kern.maxfiles: 7030 -> 2048000 >> kern.maxclusters: 262144 -> 1280000 >> kern.somaxconn: 128 -> 10240 >> kern.seminfo.semmni: 10 -> 1024 >> kern.seminfo.semmns: 60 -> 4096 >> kern.shminfo.shmmax: 33554432 -> 805306368 >> kern.shminfo.shmall: 196608 -> 196608 >> kern.maxvnodes: 5926 -> 200000 >> net.inet.icmp.errppslimit: 100 -> 1000 >> ddb.panic: 1 -> 0 >> net.inet.ip.forwarding: 0 -> 1 >> kern.maxproc: 1310 -> 200000 >> kern.bufcachepercent: 20 -> 70 >> net.inet.ip.mforwarding: 0 -> 1 >> net.inet.gre.allow: 0 -> 1 >> net.inet.esp.enable: 1 -> 1 >> net.pipex.enable: 0 -> 1 >> machdep.kbdreset: 0 -> 1 >> kern.pool_debug: 0 -> 0 >> net.inet.ip.multipath: 0 -> 1 >> net.inet6.ip6.multipath: 0 -> 1 >> net.inet.divert.recvspace: 65636 -> 1048576 >> net.inet.divert.sendspace: 65636 -> 1048576 >> net.inet6.divert.recvspace: 65636 -> 1048576 >> net.inet6.divert.sendspace: 65636 -> 1048576 >> hw.smt: 0 -> 1 >> starting network >> reordering libraries: done. >> starting early daemons: syslogd ntpd. >> starting RPC daemons:. >> savecore: no core dump >> checking quotas: done. >> chmod: /dev/ttyp0: Read-only file system >> chmod: /dev/ttyp1: Read-only file system >> chmod: /dev/ttyp2: Read-only file system >> chmod: /dev/ttyp3: Read-only file system >> chmod: /dev/ttyp4: Read-only file system >> chmod: /dev/ttyp5: Read-only file system >> chmod: /dev/ttyp6: Read-only file system >> chmod: /dev/ttyp7: Read-only file system >> chmod: /dev/ttyp8: Read-only file system >> chmod: /dev/ttyp9: Read-only file system >> chmod: /dev/ttypA: Read-only file system >> chmod: /dev/ttypB: Read-only file system >> chmod: /dev/ttypC: Read-only file system >> chmod: /dev/ttypD: Read-only file system >> chmod: /dev/ttypE: Read-only file system >> chmod: /dev/ttypF: Read-only file system >> chmod: /dev/ttypG: Read-only file system >> chmod: /dev/ttypH: Read-only file system >> chmod: /dev/ttypI: Read-only file system >> chmod: /dev/ttypJ: Read-only file system >> chmod: /dev/ttypK: Read-only file system >> chmod: /dev/ttypL: Read-only file system >> chmod: /dev/ttypM: Read-only file system >> chmod: /dev/ttypN: Read-only file system >> chmod: /dev/ttypO: Read-only file system >> chmod: /dev/ttypP: Read-only file system >> chmod: /dev/ttypQ: Read-only file system >> chmod: /dev/ttypR: Read-only file system >> chmod: /dev/ttypS: Read-only file system >> chmod: /dev/ttypT: Read-only file system >> chmod: /dev/ttypU: Read-only file system >> chmod: /dev/ttypV: Read-only file system >> chmod: /dev/ttypW: Read-only file system >> chmod: /dev/ttypX: Read-only file system >> chmod: /dev/ttypY: Read-only file system >> chmod: /dev/ttypZ: Read-only file system >> chmod: /dev/ttypa: Read-only file system >> chmod: /dev/ttypb: Read-only file system >> chmod: /dev/ttypc: Read-only file system >> chmod: /dev/ttypd: Read-only file system >> chmod: /dev/ttype: Read-only file system >> chmod: /dev/ttypf: Read-only file system >> chmod: /dev/ttypg: Read-only file system >> chmod: /dev/ttyph: Read-only file system >> chmod: /dev/ttypi: Read-only file system >> chmod: /dev/ttypj: Read-only file system >> chmod: /dev/ttypk: Read-only file system >> chmod: /dev/ttypl: Read-only file system >> chmod: /dev/ttypm: Read-only file system >> chmod: /dev/ttypn: Read-only file system >> chmod: /dev/ttypo: Read-only file system >> chmod: /dev/ttypp: Read-only file system >> chmod: /dev/ttypq: Read-only file system >> chmod: /dev/ttypr: Read-only file system >> chmod: /dev/ttyps: Read-only file system >> chmod: /dev/ttypt: Read-only file system >> chmod: /dev/ttypu: Read-only file system >> chmod: /dev/ttypv: Read-only file system >> chmod: /dev/ttypw: Read-only file system >> chmod: /dev/ttypx: Read-only file system >> chmod: /dev/ttypy: Read-only file system >> chmod: /dev/ttypz: Read-only file system >> chown: /dev/ttyp0: Read-only file system >> chown: /dev/ttyp1: Read-only file system >> chown: /dev/ttyp2: Read-only file system >> chown: /dev/ttyp3: Read-only file system >> chown: /dev/ttyp4: Read-only file system >> chown: /dev/ttyp5: Read-only file system >> chown: /dev/ttyp6: Read-only file system >> chown: /dev/ttyp7: Read-only file system >> chown: /dev/ttyp8: Read-only file system >> chown: /dev/ttyp9: Read-only file system >> chown: /dev/ttypA: Read-only file system >> chown: /dev/ttypB: Read-only file system >> chown: /dev/ttypC: Read-only file system >> chown: /dev/ttypD: Read-only file system >> chown: /dev/ttypE: Read-only file system >> chown: /dev/ttypF: Read-only file system >> chown: /dev/ttypG: Read-only file system >> chown: /dev/ttypH: Read-only file system >> chown: /dev/ttypI: Read-only file system >> chown: /dev/ttypJ: Read-only file system >> chown: /dev/ttypK: Read-only file system >> chown: /dev/ttypL: Read-only file system >> chown: /dev/ttypM: Read-only file system >> chown: /dev/ttypN: Read-only file system >> chown: /dev/ttypO: Read-only file system >> chown: /dev/ttypP: Read-only file system >> chown: /dev/ttypQ: Read-only file system >> chown: /dev/ttypR: Read-only file system >> chown: /dev/ttypS: Read-only file system >> chown: /dev/ttypT: Read-only file system >> chown: /dev/ttypU: Read-only file system >> chown: /dev/ttypV: Read-only file system >> chown: /dev/ttypW: Read-only file system >> chown: /dev/ttypX: Read-only file system >> chown: /dev/ttypY: Read-only file system >> chown: /dev/ttypZ: Read-only file system >> chown: /dev/ttypa: Read-only file system >> chown: /dev/ttypb: Read-only file system >> chown: /dev/ttypc: Read-only file system >> chown: /dev/ttypd: Read-only file system >> chown: /dev/ttype: Read-only file system >> chown: /dev/ttypf: Read-only file system >> chown: /dev/ttypg: Read-only file system >> chown: /dev/ttyph: Read-only file system >> chown: /dev/ttypi: Read-only file system >> chown: /dev/ttypj: Read-only file system >> chown: /dev/ttypk: Read-only file system >> chown: /dev/ttypl: Read-only file system >> chown: /dev/ttypm: Read-only file system >> chown: /dev/ttypn: Read-only file system >> chown: /dev/ttypo: Read-only file system >> chown: /dev/ttypp: Read-only file system >> chown: /dev/ttypq: Read-only file system >> chown: /dev/ttypr: Read-only file system >> chown: /dev/ttyps: Read-only file system >> chown: /dev/ttypt: Read-only file system >> chown: /dev/ttypu: Read-only file system >> chown: /dev/ttypv: Read-only file system >> chown: /dev/ttypw: Read-only file system >> chown: /dev/ttypx: Read-only file system >> chown: /dev/ttypy: Read-only file system >> chown: /dev/ttypz: Read-only file system clearing /tmp >> kern.securelevel: 0 -> 1 >> /etc/rc[557]: cannot create /etc/motd: Read-only file system >> /etc/rc[558]: cannot create /etc/motd: Read-only file system >> /etc/rc[559]: cannot create /etc/motd: Read-only file system >> /etc/rc[560]: cannot create /etc/motd: Read-only file system >> /etc/rc[561]: cannot create /etc/motd: Read-only file system >> /etc/rc[562]: cannot create /etc/motd: Read-only file system >> /etc/rc[563]: cannot create /etc/motd: Read-only file system >> /etc/rc[564]: cannot create /etc/motd: Read-only file system >> /etc/rc[565]: cannot create /etc/motd: Read-only file system creating > >> runtime link editor directory cache. >> preserving editor files. >> starting network daemons: sshd. >> starting local daemons: cron. >> Tue Jun 9 10:02:51 +03 2020
