Damienet al. --

>
Thanks a lot for the answer Joe!
> However, I think you need to have species average for using methods like
> independent contrasts and PGLS right? How would you do it for a trajectory
> or series of specimens per species?
>

I not quite sure about the trajectory issue.  However for samples from each
species, when one does not have precise population means, one has to ask
how phylogenetic comparative methods cope with that.   The relevant papers
are by Ives, Midford and Garland (Evolution, 2007) and of course best of
all my own 2008 paper in American Naturalist.  Alas, it is not just a
matter of getting contrasts and then treating those as independent.  I have
options in my PHYLIP program Contrast that can do this case.

"Trajectory", I'm less sure.

Joe
----
Joe Felsenstein         [email protected]
 Department of Genome Sciences and Department of Biology,
 University of Washington, Box 355065, Seattle, WA 98195-5065 USA

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